{"pageContext":{"titleDictionaryIndex":"searchByKeywordResultsFor","articles":[{"id":"e0ee8ebf-63cc-577a-b5f8-aabec4b2ef37","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/03_lewicki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Roman","lastName":"Lewicki","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-3","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article discusses issues concerning terminological adequacy in the context of teaching and researching translation. Based on several analyses some of the general questions of terminology work can be pointed out that are connected to the problem of the so called terminological “gap” as different scientists classify differently. Concept formation as a teaching strategy presented in this article should demonstrate how these terminological gaps can be dealt with in the work of an interpreter or a translator who is trying to develop suitable translation strategies.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/03_lewicki.pdf","title":"Begriffsbildung als ‚translationsdidaktische‘ Herausforderung","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Roman Lewicki 1"},{"id":"0a62d413-46ad-5fe0-8395-5eccbc99c62f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/02_hansen/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Gyde","lastName":"Hansen","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Copenhagen Businnes School","en":"Copenhagen Businnes School","pl":"Copenhagen Businnes School"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-2","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Empirical translation process research has developed into one of the most active fields within translation studies. A deeper understanding of the translators’ cognitive processes, their problems, strategies and decisions, and the development of their translation competence is regarded as important, especially for translator training. Translation process research began about a quarter of a century ago with studies where introspection methods, primarily think-aloud-protocols, were used. Today many methods, tools and several kinds of software are at our disposal. They can be applied and combined in a variety of different ways and thus be adapted exactly to the actual research question under investigation. In this article some methods, method-combinations and triangulations are presented. There will be given a short overview over trends in empirical translation process research.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/02_hansen.pdf","title":"Empirische Übersetzungsprozessforschung. Methoden und Vernetzungen","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Gyde Hansen 2"},{"id":"4e0c989f-d530-5fd6-958c-82e0e2505561","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/04_poeckl/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Wolfgang","lastName":"Pöckl","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-4","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present article is a short overview of the history of translation into the German language. It aims at being more than a mere chronicle of events and, thus, attempts to integrate aspects of the history of the German language, culture and literature. The focus does not lie on names of translators and titles of works (the details of which can easily be found in the sources indicated in the bibliography), but on the most influential cultural contacts of the German speaking area and on the interaction between the prevalent translation theories and the actual translation practice of the different periods. The text also contains short reflections on the social status of the translators.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/04_poeckl.pdf","title":"Skizze einer deutschen Übersetzungsgeschichte","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Wolfgang Pöckl 3"},{"id":"09edec28-ef85-5d18-b6a5-c2492858585d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/05_riccardi/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Alessandra","lastName":"Riccardi","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Triest","en":"University of Trieste","pl":"Uniwersytet w Trieście"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-5","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Many definitions have been given and many criteria have been used to defi ne quality in simultaneous interpreting, that elusive something which everyone recognizes but no one can successfully define. Members of AIIC have referred to it as the ‘monster of Loch Ness’, which nobody has ever managed to catch. The reason why quality is so difficult to define depends on the complex nature of simultaneous interpreting and the numerous variables under which it may take place. A simultaneous interpreting may be judged as highly qualitative in a certain setting, but less so in another. In this paper are described the elements that come into play in the definition of quality in simultaneous interpreting, from objective elements of a communicative event to the subjective elements of knowledge organization in interpreters with the aim of illustrating their strict interplay.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/05_riccardi.pdf","title":"Simultandolmetschen – Kompetenzerwerb, Strategien und Qualität","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Alessandra Riccardi 4"},{"id":"bf77992a-51fd-55b0-a55a-9691fe0cce5d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/06_rothkegel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Annely","lastName":"Rothkegel","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Hildesheim","en":"University of Hildesheim","pl":"Uniwersytet w Hildesheim"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-6","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Key concepts – such as sustainability, security, resilience – play an important role in multilingual communication in Europe. They represent public topics which are discussed in order to design the joint future of the different cultures. From a linguistic point of view the differences are reflected in those concepts that are composed in distinct ways and applied in different contexts of life and communication. In contrast to well-known approaches of terminology where systems of term classification and part-whole-relationships provide the criteria for the collection, comparison and organization of lexical material, the present paper presents an access to the analysis of text-based meanings of concepts in terms of knowledge schemata and their function of coherence building in texts. The approach applied is demonstrated by three text analyses as examples.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/06_rothkegel.pdf","title":"Umweltkommunikation in Europa: Schlüsselbegriffe im multilingualen Kontext (‚Nachhaltigkeit‘, ‚Sicherheit‘, ‚Resilienz‘)","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Annely Rothkegel 5"},{"id":"8b5fdddd-d46d-513a-b393-144f94bc172b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/08_kubacki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Artur Dariusz","lastName":"Kubacki","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-8","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents the status of sworn translators and interpreters in Poland and the examination requirements set by the State Examination Board for candidates for sworn translators and interpreters in the light of applicable law. The author describes the written and oral examination, the types of texts translated and interpreted by examinees as well as the statistical data regarding the examination. He analyses mistakes made by candidates in consecutive interpreting, sight translation and – briefly – in certified translations. In his analysis, he classifies the mistakes, explains the reasons behind them, makes comments on each group of them and draws final conclusions.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/08_kubacki.pdf","title":"Die Staatsprüfung zum vereidigten Übersetzer und Dolmetscher in Polen","title_en":"The state examination to become a sworn translator and interpreter in Poland","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Artur Dariusz Kubacki 6"},{"id":"5713849c-bf4d-592d-98c1-cab46531fd3c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/07_sandrini/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Sandrini","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-7","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"With the technological turn in translation studies translation technology is becoming more important. This paper analyzes the concept of translation technology and its status within Translation Studies and proposes a model of necessary components for a specific curriculum within translators training courses. For teaching, the author stresses the importance of the use of free software on the basis of its evident advantages over proprietary software. An exemplary model of a translation technology course is proposed with eight core modules that summarize its content.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/07_sandrini.pdf","title":"Translationstechnologie im Curriculum der Übersetzerausbildung","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Peter Sandrini 7"},{"id":"cf31d378-59fa-5dea-8c49-057cc454d294","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/03/01_albrecht/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jörn","lastName":"Albrecht","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Heidelberg","en":"Heidelberg University","pl":"Uniwersytet w Heidelbergu"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"3-1","editors":null,"issue":3,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present summary of my lectures on literary translation given at the University of Wrocław in summer 2011 begins with some introductory remarks concerning methodological problems: Can literary translation really be taught and if so, can it be taught to a Polish audience by a lecturer practically ignorant of the Polish language and literature? How may this deficit be compensated? The theoretical part deals with three complex questions: 1. The relation between two apparently antagonistic approaches to translation studies, the retrospective-descriptive and the prospective-prescriptive approach. It is shown that these two approaches are complementary and by no means antagonistic. 2. The distinction between three levels (metaphorically “floors”) of research issues within the global field of translation studies: a) the technique of translation (translation procedures), strictly related to linguistic problems; b) the strategy of translation, i.e. decisions made by the translator that do not depend on linguistic facts but on external factors. Such decisions may relate to specific characteristics of the readership to which the translation is destined or the purposes pursued by the translator, and finally c) the “Übersetzungsbetrieb”, i.e. translation as a public institution, the whole “machinery” concerned with and all the factors connected with it. 3. The correlation between the above mentioned “floors” of translation studies and the three most important theoretical approaches to literature: a) the “biographic-positivist” approach that emphasizes the connection between life and work of an author; b) the “ideological” approach, based on the assumption that literature may reflect the main ideas, values and problems of a given society at a certain time and finally c) the strictly “textual” approach, that neglects all the external factors of the literary work, focusing only on the formal “make-up” of the text (“werkimmanent”).","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/03/01_albrecht.pdf","title":"Literarische Übersetzung: Geschichte – Theorie – Praxis","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2012},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jörn Albrecht 8"},{"id":"539a8a56-ab55-5ed2-be56-88b5e6f5859d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/01_schreiber/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Schreiber","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Mainz (Germersheim)","en":"University of Mainz (Germersheim)","pl":"Uniwersytet Jana Gutenberga w Moguncji (Germersheim)"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-1","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["translation theory","equivalence","implication","reversibility vs. irreversibility","process vs. product"],"en":["translation theory","equivalence","implication","reversibility vs. irreversibility","process vs. product"],"pl":["translation theory","equivalence","implication","reversibility vs. irreversibility","process vs. product"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper discusses a proposal made by Holger Siever in the context of his Habilitationsschrift (2010). Siever proposes to replace the term ‘equivalence’ in the context of translation studies with the term ‘implication’. He argues that the concept of equivalence refers to a reversible relation while the concept of implication is, by definition, irreversible. After discussing some terminological and methodological advantages and disadvantages of Siever’s proposal, the paper concludes that the two concepts can be compatible if one combines a process-oriented and a product-oriented perspective on translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/01_schreiber.pdf","title":"Implikation statt Äquivalenz? Anmerkungen zu einem Vorschlag","title_en":"Implication instead of equivalence? Comments on a proposal","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michael Schreiber 9"},{"id":"3d47f014-4215-5ca4-9eed-f06d6ab1d643","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/02_bittner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hansjörg","lastName":"Bittner","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Hildesheim","en":"University of Hildesheim","pl":"Uniwersytet w Hildesheim"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-2","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["translation","quality","assessment","subjectivity","objectivity"],"en":["translation","quality","assessment","subjectivity","objectivity"],"pl":["translation","quality","assessment","subjectivity","objectivity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present essay examines how subjectivity affects the assessment of quality in translated texts. On the basis of philosophical approaches, we regard the subjective and objective not as two mutually exclusive concepts but as the extreme positions on a cline with an infinite number of positions in between. In translation quality assessment, the subjective cannot be fully eliminated. It can at best be reduced to a minimum. This can be achieved through a clearly defined system of assessment parameters, empirical approaches such as corpus analysis, and quantification.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/02_bittner.pdf","title":"Das Problem der Subjektivität bei der Beurteilung von Übersetzungen","title_en":"The problem of subjectivity in translation quality assessement","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hansjörg Bittner 10"},{"id":"e158b598-1a5b-58a6-b454-83ccdde487cd","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/05_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-5","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["semantic-field-set-theory","translation theory","poetry translation"],"en":["semantic-field-set-theory","translation theory","poetry translation"],"pl":["semantic-field-set-theory","translation theory","poetry translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The author attempts to describe the translation possibilities of the nominal phrases in the poetry by Jan Twardowski. His semantic-set-theory is used for this purpose, which is based on semantic-fields-theory by Edward Balcerzan. The translation procedure is described here as operating on two or more semantic fields, to which common parts the translator relates to. With the help the symbols used for notation of logical relations and mathematical operations the author presents the way of a schematic notation of translation decisions and the translation possibilities in the translation process.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/05_lesner.pdf","title":"Die Verwendung der Wortfeldmengentheorie in der Beschreibung der künstlerischen Übersetzung am Beispiel der Dichtung Jan Twardowskis und ihrer Übersetzungen ins Polnische","title_en":"The application of semantic-fi eld-set-theory to describe artistic translations on the example of Jan Twardowski poems and their German renditions","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 11"},{"id":"5199764a-17ac-5c28-b357-9a2766c9e8c3","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/03_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000-0003-1741-8350","affiliation":{"de":"Kattowitz","en":"Katowice","pl":"Katowice"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-3","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["terminological equivalence","law and legal terminology","methodology of comparative studies","comparison of legal systems"],"en":["terminological equivalence","law and legal terminology","methodology of comparative studies","comparison of legal systems"],"pl":["terminological equivalence","law and legal terminology","methodology of comparative studies","comparison of legal systems"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article focuses on issues referring to the terminological equivalents occurring in the two separate legal systems. To describe the issue the following terminological field has been explored: juvenile, minor, and their German equivalents, as well as the inclusion and analysis of these terms in the bilingual specialist dictionary. The study involves the evaluation of the correctness of the proposed terms from a legal standpoint, and methodological assumptions to be included by lexicographers and translators in this area.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/03_iluk.pdf","title":"Pole terminologiczne jako instrument konfrontacji leksyki prawnej dla celów leksykograficznych i translacyjnych","title_en":"Terminological area as an instrument of legal lexis confrontation for lexicography and translation purposes","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Iluk 12"},{"id":"efadb4cd-17e2-5d76-8340-1c8fbae52a66","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/04_kubacki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Artur Dariusz","lastName":"Kubacki","orcid":"0000-0002-3740-2551","affiliation":{"de":"Pädagogische Universität Krakau","en":"Pedagogical University of Kraków","pl":"Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-4","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["translation studies","sworn translator","certified translation","translation error","fatal error"],"en":["translation studies","sworn translator","certified translation","translation error","fatal error"],"pl":["translation studies","sworn translator","certified translation","translation error","fatal error"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The author discusses the category of a fatal error in certified translations. In the first part of the article, he defines a translation error and presents in short the classifications of translation errors worked out by Polish and German linguists. Next he defines a fatal error for the purpose of the article and describes the types of fatal errors. In the second part of the article, he presents several examples which may be considered fatal errors taken from translations made by sworn translators or candidates for sworn translators and from his own translation practice. He also discusses fatal errors widely publicized in the media.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/04_kubacki.pdf","title":"Błąd krytyczny w tłumaczeniach poświadczonych","title_en":"Fatal Errors in Certified Translations","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Artur Dariusz Kubacki 13"},{"id":"f880dd34-26c9-5b40-866a-412faa19d1f6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/06_salmeri/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Claudio","lastName":"Salmeri","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-6","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["translation","perspectives","approaches","developments"],"en":["translation","perspectives","approaches","developments"],"pl":["translation","perspectives","approaches","developments"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translations have been cultivated throughout the centuries, from the Greeks through the Romans to our modern times. Each age has produced its own perspectives on the art of translation, and the respective translators have imprinted their interpretive approaches on the nature of their translations, approaches that also reflect the cultural and anthropological orientation of their times. The present article offers a critical assessment of recent developments in the young discipline of Translation Studies and sets out to provide an answer, as seen from a European perspective today. The aim of this paper is to stimulate discussion and provoke further debate on the current profile and future perspectives of the craft of translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/06_salmeri.pdf","title":"Riflessioni sulle future prospettive dell’arte del tradurre","title_en":"Reflections over the Future Perspectives of the Craft of Translation","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Claudio Salmeri 14"},{"id":"8dbcfcf7-e21d-5548-8e72-21ba49bad65c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/08_sturm/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Annegret","lastName":"Sturm","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Genf","en":"University of Geneva","pl":"Uniwersytet Genewski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-8","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["neurosciences","fMRI","aphasia"],"en":["neurosciences","fMRI","aphasia"],"pl":["neurosciences","fMRI","aphasia"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"To find out what happens in the translator’s mind has always been one of the central questions of translation studies. The present paper gives an overview over the theoretical developments which preceded the introduction of the cognitive psychology paradigm in translation studies before situating them within the set of other possible research approaches dedicated to the study of the mind. Neuroimagery is one of these. In particular, this paper argues that functional magnetic resonance imagery (fMRI) is suited to address research questions in translation studies and presents first answers to those.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/08_sturm.pdf","title":"Beiträge neurowissenschaftlicher Studien zur Translationswissenschaft","title_en":"Neuroscientifi c contributions to translation studies","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Annegret Sturm 15"},{"id":"aa114648-f02d-5e8b-8b5c-02c4367d6d49","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/10_fouad/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lobna","lastName":"Fouad","orcid":"0000–0002–5920–613X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helwan in Kairo","en":"Helwan University in Cairo","pl":"Uniwersytet Helwan w Kairze"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-10","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["Adelbert von Chamisso","Peter Schlemihl","Arabic Translation","German archaism","equivalence"],"en":["Adelbert von Chamisso","Peter Schlemihl","Arabic Translation","German archaism","equivalence"],"pl":["Adelbert von Chamisso","Peter Schlemihl","Arabic Translation","German archaism","equivalence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper discusses the problem of translating German Archaism into Arabic. It’s based on my own experience of translating the fairy tale »The wonderful history of Peter Schlemihl« (1813) by Adelbert von Chamisso from German into Arabic. I have chosen three nouns: ‘Rock’, ‘Herrin’, ‘Kleinodien’; three verbs: ‘däuchen’, ‘sich abhärmen’, ‘zeucheln’; three adjectives: ‘ächt’, ‘darbend’, ‘abgefeimt’ and two interjection: ‘Topp!’, ‘Ei, ei!’ as examples of my attempt to achieve the most possible equivalent translation of German archaism into Arabic.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/10_fouad.pdf","title":"Chamissos Schlemihl (1813) erstmals in Arabisch. Deutsch-Arabische Sprachtranslation am Beispiel der Übersetzung von deutschen Archaismen ins Arabische","title_en":"Chamisso’s Schlemihl (1813) for the fi rst time in Arabic. German-Arabic Language Translation based on Translating German archaism into Arabic","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lobna Fouad 16"},{"id":"66a882f4-c64d-524d-b588-018855b4e2fb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/07_stauder/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Andy","lastName":"Stauder","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-7","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["translation quality","screen translation","linguistics","digitalisation","socio-economics","history of translation"],"en":["translation quality","screen translation","linguistics","digitalisation","socio-economics","history of translation"],"pl":["translation quality","screen translation","linguistics","digitalisation","socio-economics","history of translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Screen translation is a field that historically has seldom explicitly addressed the issue of translation quality, be it in terms of translation studies or translation practice. This is mainly due to oligopolistic, non-transparent and non-democratic tendencies during the historical establishment of the sub-types of and practices in screen translation, i.e. socio-economic factors. This historical development has led to the neglect of key TQ factors: linguistics and linguistic skills. Recent tendencies towards more openness, transparency, and democratic principles, in part due to digitalisation, give reason to expect increased pressure to achieve high translation quality, as well as openness to translation studies, and a reassertion of scientific principles as far as translation studies itself is concerned","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/07_stauder.pdf","title":"Screen Translation: Quality through Transparency, Democratisation and Openness to Science?","title_en":"Screen Translation: Quality through Transparency, Democratisation and Openness to Science?","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Andy Stauder 17"},{"id":"90ddf93d-12fe-5bd9-a694-040491070b14","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/13_jakiel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Rafał","lastName":"Jakiel","orcid":"0000-0001-5601-6042","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-13","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["literary proper names","translation of names","various language pairs"],"en":["literary proper names","translation of names","various language pairs"],"pl":["literary proper names","translation of names","various language pairs"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present article undertakes the task of research in the field of literary onomastics in translation. We try to demonstrate differences in translation of proper names from English to German and Polish. The analyzed body comes from the work by J.R.R. Tolkien “The Lord of the Rings”. The analysis concerns 380 names in five available translations – two into German, and three into Polish. German translators have an easier task. Achieving semantic and structural similarity is much easier in related Germanic languages. Polish translators often borrow lexemes. The literal and syntagmatic translations by Jerzy Łoziński (expressing the strategy of domestication) are very interesting from the point of view of translation studies but not positively received by readers.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/13_jakiel.pdf","title":"Strider, Streicher i Łazik. Specyfika przekładoznawczej analizy literackich nazw własnych w obrębie różnych par językowych","title_en":"Strider, Streicher and Łazik. Specifi c translation analysis of names in the literature in various language pairs","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Rafał Jakiel 18"},{"id":"acd32dae-484f-5790-b9e9-d558bf607f32","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/14_szczek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Szczęk","orcid":"0000-0001-8721-6661","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}},{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-14","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["culinary studies","translation","translation theory","translation practice"],"en":["culinary studies","translation","translation theory","translation practice"],"pl":["culinary studies","translation","translation theory","translation practice"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Culinary names constitute an inseparable element of every person’s life. For this reason, they convey information, like realia, entrenched in the culture and tradition of a particular community. On the other hand, however, the linguistic form of culinary names is frequently hardly translatable. They seem to be disregarded by the theory and practice of translation. In this article, we present an overview of texts discussing the translation of culinary names, paying special attention to those concerning the German and Polish languages. We also discuss translation strategies and techniques, which fall within the scope of our study, and furnish them with examples.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/14_szczek.pdf","title":"Übersetzung im Bereich der Kulinaristik – Kulinarien als Stiefkind der Translationstheorie und Translationspraxis","title_en":"Translation and culinary studies – culinary names as the „stepchildren“ of translation theory and practice","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Szczęk 19 Marcelina Kałasznik 20"},{"id":"3775c23a-021c-53e3-bc30-a1c302c00b82","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/12_sieradzka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Sieradzka","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-12","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["literary translation","grammatical structures","neologisms and nonce words","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"],"en":["literary translation","grammatical structures","neologisms and nonce words","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"],"pl":["literary translation","grammatical structures","neologisms and nonce words","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper deals with selected aspects of literary translation including the translation of grammatical structures. Some problems arising from translating Günter Grass’s prose on the morphosyntactic level constitute the basis for the present discussion. The analytic part consists of a review and a description of the translation techniques applied by Sławomir Błaut in his translation of neologisms and nonce words into Polish.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/12_sieradzka.pdf","title":"Übersetzungsprobleme bei Wortbildungskonstruktionen im Prosawerk von Günter Grass","title_en":"The problems of translating Günter Grass’s prose works on the morphosyntactic level","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Sieradzka 21"},{"id":"d6d7a000-c5b5-56ef-80c8-f346a6ab2ced","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/16_bunk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Martyna","lastName":"Bunk","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-16","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["theatre translation","overtitling","translation-hybrid","audiovisual/screen translation"],"en":["theatre translation","overtitling","translation-hybrid","audiovisual/screen translation"],"pl":["theatre translation","overtitling","translation-hybrid","audiovisual/screen translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translation in theatre needs to be shown in the context of the audiovisual translation also known as screen translation, where text is a constituent element of the semiotic complex. In the following article it is achieved through the disputation with the categorization introduced by Tomaszkiewicz (2006) based on Jakobson’s classification (1959) of the intralingual, interlingual and intersemiotic translation. In order to realize that theatre translation is an independent area, some similarities and differences among theatre, movie and opera translation are demonstrated. From this compilation comes the unique hybrid-character of the translation in theatre that can be perceived as an intersection of interpreting and translating (cf. Griesel 2007: 14ff). On the basis of this characteristic, an analysis of the experimental overtitling of the Sibylle Berg’s play “Dog, Woman, Man” is conducted. The analysis is the central point of the evaluation which is the last element of the translational process.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/16_bunk.pdf","title":"Theaterübertitelung als Translationshybride – eine Abhandlung über die experimentale Übertitelung des Theaterstücks „Hund, Frau, Mann“ von Sibylle Berg","title_en":"Overtitling in theatre as a translation-hybrid – a treatise on the experimental overtitling of the Sibylle Berg’s play “Dog, Woman, Man”","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Martyna Bunk 22"},{"id":"be9cee8d-1081-5e54-ac60-f1faac7cc42a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/11_jakiel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Rafał","lastName":"Jakiel","orcid":"0000-0001-5601-6042","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-11","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["series titles","translation","film titles","U.S. five largest broadcasting stations","influence of market"],"en":["series titles","translation","film titles","U.S. five largest broadcasting stations","influence of market"],"pl":["series titles","translation","film titles","U.S. five largest broadcasting stations","influence of market"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article is a continuation of the research task covering the latest trends in the translation of film titles. The body of research was the series titles offered in the last three seasons by the five largest U.S. television stations (ABC, NBC, CBS, FOX, CW.tv). The study is limited to discussion of translation techniques, strategies and trends in translation. There is proposed a new division of translation techniques. The analysis shows that the dominant technique for developing translated titles in Germany is borrowings, and in Poland it is translation (syntagmatic, synonymous, literal) and its variations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/11_jakiel.pdf","title":"„‘Two and a half’ Titel”. Ein chrematonischer Beitrag zur Titelübersetzung in der Fernsehindustrie","title_en":"„Two and a half Title“. A chrematonymical contribution to German and Polish translations of movie titles in television business","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Rafał Jakiel 23"},{"id":"88e801ec-e937-537a-bc54-1986b5ba731c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/17_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-17","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["poetical cycle","motif","diminutive","threnody"],"en":["poetical cycle","motif","diminutive","threnody"],"pl":["poetical cycle","motif","diminutive","threnody"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translating a poetical cycle poses no mean challenge for a translator because of its complexity and recurring motifs. The poet indicates his idea through the formal arrangement in the cycle and the idea can be understood only after reading the whole cycle. This paper presents an analysis of the recurring motif of a nightingale in Jan Kochanowski’s “Treny”, which indicates the cyclical form, and its translations into German and Dutch. The aim of this article is to show how important it is to treat a poetical cycle as a whole, not only to interpret it properly but also to translate it correctly.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/17_gaska.pdf","title":"Zum Motiv der Nachtigall in Jan Kochanowskis Werk „Treny” und seinen Übersetzungen ins Deutsche und Niederländische","title_en":"The motif of a nightingale in Jan Kochanowski’s “Treny” and its translations into German and Dutch","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 24"},{"id":"63b87e9a-37ec-5130-9cc8-6a5bb19303f5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/15_zielinski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lech","lastName":"Zieliński","orcid":"0000-0003-1265-8873","affiliation":{"de":"Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Universität Toruń","en":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń","pl":"Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-15","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["cooperation and communication improvement","sworn translator and interpreter","Polish prosecuting authorities","legal assistance"],"en":["cooperation and communication improvement","sworn translator and interpreter","Polish prosecuting authorities","legal assistance"],"pl":["cooperation and communication improvement","sworn translator and interpreter","Polish prosecuting authorities","legal assistance"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article deals with the problem of improving cooperation/ communication between translators and Polish prosecuting authorities while translating legal assistance documents. The author puts forward a hypothesis that this cooperation/ communication is not optimal, which results in a great waste of time and resources, because impeded contact between the prosecutor handling the case (in particular the prosecutor from the District Prosecutor’s Office) and the translator due to the fact that the translator only contacts the Regional Prosecutor’s Office, which is an intermediary in forwarding requests for legal assistance, very often leads to the time-consuming translation of all documents sent to the translator irrespective of their usefulness for the case. On the basis of an order the author received in 2013, he carried out a survey by questionnaire and an interview with the prosecutor handling the case to assess how many of the documents translated were useless and unnecessary. After presenting research results, the author suggests several simple solutions. They should improve cooperation and communication in this regard, contribute to speeding up the proceedings and to saving public funds as well as increase translators’ satisfaction derived from their work for prosecuting authorities.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/15_zielinski.pdf","title":"Einige Anmerkungen zu Optimierungsmöglichkeiten der Kooperation/ Kommunikation zwischen Übersetzern und polnischen Verfolgungsorganen beim Erledigen von Rechtshilfeersuchen in Strafsachen","title_en":"A Few Remarks on how to Improve Cooperation/ Communication between Translators and Polish Prosecuting Authorities while Translating Legal Assistance Documents in Criminal Matters","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lech Zieliński 25"},{"id":"6bacc871-ab29-5691-901d-861ac5c26fb1","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/18_mizera/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zuzanna","lastName":"Mizera","orcid":"0000-0002-5992-393X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-18","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["Bible translation","love","differences","comparison"],"en":["Bible translation","love","differences","comparison"],"pl":["Bible translation","love","differences","comparison"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The Bible is one of the most important books in the world, not only for Christians, but for all people. It is also a great challenge for translators. This paper contains an analysis of one Polish and two German translations of Chapter 13 of the First Epistle to the Corinthians regarding the attributes of the emotion love. The author studies “Biblia Tysiąclecia”, Luther’s translation of the Bible and the new translation done by Berger and Nord, in order to show differences in the translations and in the understanding by average Bible readers.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/18_mizera.pdf","title":"Wie ist die Liebe? Eine Analyse der polnischen und zweier deutscher Übersetzungen des „Hoheliedes“ der Liebe","title_en":"What is the love like? A peer review of one Polish and two German translations of Chapter 13 of the First Epistle to the Corinthians","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zuzanna Mizera 26"},{"id":"71b3b45f-deb1-5979-b644-d72fa6167918","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/19_sek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Sęk","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-19","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["comedy","joke","audio-visual translation","dubbing"],"en":["comedy","joke","audio-visual translation","dubbing"],"pl":["comedy","joke","audio-visual translation","dubbing"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper takes as its subject jokes as translation units and proceeds to analyse translation difficulties and strategies illustrated by the examples from the corpus. The chosen utterances, stemming from the film series Shrek and its official German and Polish translations for dubbed versions, exemplify three types of jokes: universal, cultural, and linguistic ones. This study investigates equivalence relations between the elements of the source text and the target text, the translation constraints related to dubbing techniques, as well as the type of the original and rendered jokes.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/19_sek.pdf","title":"Die Übertragung von Witzen in der audiovisuellen Übersetzung am Beispiel der Filmserie „Shrek“","title_en":"The rendition of jokes in the audio-visual translation on the example of the film series “Shrek”","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Sęk 27"},{"id":"2e8c431d-7657-5f9d-99f0-6c831b556ae0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/20_grzesiak/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Grzesiak","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-20","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/20_grzesiak.pdf","title":"Hansen-Schirra, Silvia/ Kiraly, Don (Hg.) (2013). „Projekte und Projektionen in der translatorischen Kompetenzentwicklung“ (= Publikationen des Fachbereichs Translations-, Sprach-, und Kulturwissenschaft der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz in Germersheim, Bd. 61). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Verlag. 313 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Grzesiak 28"},{"id":"08e8c7d8-bd3a-5826-9ff8-4ded6506fad5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/21_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität in Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-21","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/21_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Florczak, Jacek (2013). „Tłumaczenia symultaniczne i konsekutywne. Teoria i praktyka”. Warszawa: C.H. Beck. 278 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 29"},{"id":"cd54d1e3-7b56-55c3-bea8-ee67bfe4532f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/22_kalasznik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-22","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/22_kalasznik.pdf","title":"Szczygłowska, Martyna (2013). „Übersetzungsfehler. Eine kritische Betrachtung aus der Sicht der anthropozenrischen Translatorik“ (=Warschauer Studien zur Germanistik und zur Angewandten Linguistik). Frankfurt am Main u.a.: Peter Lang. 234 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcelina Kałasznik 30"},{"id":"64713341-2072-5198-b8bb-27f84e33724a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/09_bak/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Bąk","orcid":"0000-0002-7951-6477","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-9","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":["aphorism translation","indirect (non-literal) translation","direct (literal) translation"],"en":["aphorism translation","indirect (non-literal) translation","direct (literal) translation"],"pl":["aphorism translation","indirect (non-literal) translation","direct (literal) translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper discusses the translation of the little known and recently deceased Polish aphorism writer Stanisław Kania by the translator and translation theorist Krzysztof Lipiński. It poses the question of proper aphorism translating strategies. The main features of aphorism as well as the resemblance of the texts under study to other authors’ aphorisms have been indicated. The individual character of Lipiński’s choices in the translation has been emphasized. The paper also illustrates his creativity and points to the cases in which direct (literal) translation is justified.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/09_bak.pdf","title":"Waldemar Kania und Krzysztof Lipiński. Oder: Wie der polnische Aphorismus übersetzt wird?","title_en":"Waldemar Kania and Krzysztof Lipiński. How to translate Polish aphorisms into German","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Bąk 31"},{"id":"116f023e-679d-5404-93cb-6add0fa39b6a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/24_smulczynski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Smułczyński","orcid":"0000-0003-3699-4724","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-24","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/24_smulczynski.pdf","title":"Bostrup, Lise/ Jarosz, Józef/ Stręk, Katarzyna (2014). „Dansk-polsk ordbog”. Forlaget Bostrup, København. 495 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Smułczyński 32"},{"id":"c20f10d0-a829-5a8c-85ca-210343f3844b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/05/23_szczek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Szczęk","orcid":"0000-0001-8721-6661","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"5-23","editors":null,"issue":5,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/05/23_szczek.pdf","title":"Krein-Kühle, Monika/ Wienen, Ursula/ Krüger, Ralph (Hg.) (2013). „Kölner Konferenz zur Fachtextübersetzung“. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. 268 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2014},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Szczęk 33"},{"id":"513afbdb-28b1-5d3e-8fbe-88c3687c2cc0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/01_grucza/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Sambor","lastName":"Grucza","orcid":"0000–0001–7801–8444","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-1","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["eye-tracking","parameters","metrics","methodology","translation studies"],"en":["eye-tracking","parameters","metrics","methodology","translation studies"],"pl":["eye-tracking","parameters","metrics","methodology","translation studies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Eye-tracking translation studies are based on the assumption that, on the one hand, eyeball movements are motivated by mental processes, and on the other hand, mental processes are motivated by eyeball movements. The standardisation of methodology, especially the lack of standard parameters, with the help of which eye-tracking experiments can be performed and analysed, is the most important issue of eye-tracking research. A non-standardised eye-tracking methodology implies that the comparison of eye-tracking research results is hardly possible. This paper proposes how eye-tracking research within translation studies can be standardised.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/01_grucza.pdf","title":"Probleme? Nichts weiter als dornige Chancen: Zu Parametern und Maßeinheiten der Eye-Tracking-Translatorik","title_en":"Problems? Nothing more than thorny chances: The parameters and measures of the eye-tracking translation studies","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Sambor Grucza 34"},{"id":"cef065c0-d938-549f-ab5c-9d4581a92e78","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/04_siewert/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität in Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-4","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["LSP phraseology","legal phraseology","competence in foreign LSP"],"en":["LSP phraseology","legal phraseology","competence in foreign LSP"],"pl":["LSP phraseology","legal phraseology","competence in foreign LSP"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Terms are the most characteristic feature of languages for specific purposes. However, they do not occur in isolation but are always used in combination. The knowledge of fixed and restricted word combinations in languages for specific purposes (LSP phraseology) is indispensable for specialized text production. That is why the present paper focuses on LSP phraseology and suggests some examples of exercises that can be used to consolidate and develop competence in specialized text production in specialized translation training. Using LSP phraseology will be exemplified by legal phraseology.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/04_siewert.pdf","title":"Festigung und Ausbau der Kompetenz in der Fachtextproduktion am Beispiel juristischer Phraseologie","title_en":"Consolidation and development of competence in specialized text production exemplified by legal phraseology","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert 35"},{"id":"ebeae304-45a4-56ef-8bab-387920b00595","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/05_kubacki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Artur Dariusz","lastName":"Kubacki","orcid":"0000-0002-3740-2551","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-5","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["translation studies","translation standards","sworn translator","translation competence","forensic competence"],"en":["translation studies","translation standards","sworn translator","translation competence","forensic competence"],"pl":["translation studies","translation standards","sworn translator","translation competence","forensic competence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article provides an analysis of a sworn translator’s forensic competence. Reviewing Polish and German literature and also the EN 15038 standard ‘Translation Services. Service Requirements’, which is applicable in Poland, the author states that a sworn translator’s forensic competence covers not only linguistic competence, but first and foremost translation competence (in the area of both oral and written translation), specialist competence (specialist knowledge and terminology), cultural competence (knowledge of legal systems in the source language and target language countries), translator’s competence (translator’s professional skills) and ethical competence (translator’s impartiality). In the author’s opinion, a holder of a non-translation degree even with an excellent command of a foreign and native language does not have the above mentioned types of competence. This means that – having only linguistic competence – they need specialist education and many years’ experience without which they will not be able to practice as a sworn translator within the judicial system.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/05_kubacki.pdf","title":"Zur forensischen Kompetenz eines vereidigten Translators","title_en":"Forensic competence of a sworn translator","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Artur Dariusz Kubacki 36"},{"id":"9d1cbf7d-dc2e-5274-9d65-afb9b379f018","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/02_zybatow/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lew N.","lastName":"Zybatow","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-2","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreter’s skills","probabilistic model","probability prediction","interpreting procedures","form-based interpreting","meaning-based interpreting"],"en":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreter’s skills","probabilistic model","probability prediction","interpreting procedures","form-based interpreting","meaning-based interpreting"],"pl":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreter’s skills","probabilistic model","probability prediction","interpreting procedures","form-based interpreting","meaning-based interpreting"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"According to Zybatow (2008) the development of an adequate, reality-related explanatory theory of translation/interpreting crucially depends on the answer to the following three fundamental questions: 1. How does the translator/interpreter comprehend the source text? 2. How does s/he translate/interpret the text from the source language into the target language? What knowledge systems are engaged and activated by this activity? How sophisticated and developed must these knowledge systems be to fulfil the respective translatory procedure successfully? 3. How does the translator/interpreter produce the target text? Proceeding from this assumption the paper poses the question and examines what takes place in simultaneous interpreting (SI) focussing on the psycholinguistic model of probability prediction (Chernov/Černov 1994/1978;1987) and the investigations into the empirical reality of two different paradigmatic procedures in SI: form-based vs meaning-based interpreting developing a hypothesis of how the mysterious skills of simultaneous interpreters can find an adequate theoretical mapping and better explanation and drawing the conclusions with implications both for the theory and the pedagogy of SI.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/02_zybatow.pdf","title":"Des Simultandolmetschers rätselhafte Kompetenzen","title_en":"Simultaneous interpreter’s mysterious skills","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lew N. Zybatow 37"},{"id":"0391db98-6374-5aa2-86bd-eddb37e951b8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/06_salmeri/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Claudio","lastName":"Salmeri","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-6","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["cognitive aspect","technical translation","literary translation","differences and commonalities"],"en":["cognitive aspect","technical translation","literary translation","differences and commonalities"],"pl":["cognitive aspect","technical translation","literary translation","differences and commonalities"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The necessity of finding or producing a precise counterpart or equivalent in a target language has often been considered the main, if not the most difficult problem of technical translation. The aim of this article is to show, on the basis of an example – a short description of the pollutant cadmium – that technical translation (e.g. the translation of owners’ manuals, user guides or texts that contain a high degree of technical or specialized terminology) requires, in addition to correct wording, a sound understanding of the meaning of the source text; cognitive complements play an equally as important role in technical translation as in other types of translation. It is not only the transfer of meaning from one language to another, but also the rendering of the complexity of an author’s language that determine the difficulty of a literary translation (e.g. the translation of novels, short stories, plays, poems, etc.). An Italian translation of a short poem, “On Passing the New Menin Gate” by Siegfried Sassoon, originally written in English, shows the extent to which cognitive complements help to solve language problems in literary translation. In both technical and literary translation, sense clearly shapes the expressiveness of the target language.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/06_salmeri.pdf","title":"Aspekt kognitywny w przekładzie specjalistycznym, czyli co wspólnego ma tłumaczenie specjalistyczne z literackim?","title_en":"Cognitive aspects of technical translation. What are the commonalities between a technical and a literary translation?","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Claudio Salmeri 38"},{"id":"b0532a6e-62cb-5448-8789-af4c02a5369c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/08_kalasznik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-8","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["proper names","mistakes","translator’s competence"],"en":["proper names","mistakes","translator’s competence"],"pl":["proper names","mistakes","translator’s competence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translation is a complex cognitive process whose effects are not always satisfactory. There are many reasons for the complexity of translation. One of them is the rendition of proper names. This article is concerned with translating names of organizational units from Polish into German. On the basis of the lexical material, I shall attempt to indicate the most common mistakes appearing in such translations. What is more, I shall try to ascertain what type of competence translators must possess in order to effectively render the aforementioned proper names.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/08_kalasznik.pdf","title":"Kompetenzanforderungen an Übersetzer am Beispiel des Übersetzens von Namen für organisatorische Einheiten der Stadtverwaltung aus dem Polnischen ins Deutsche","title_en":"Translator’s competence on the example of translating names of organizational units of the Municipal Council from Polish into German","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcelina Kałasznik 39"},{"id":"c987a17d-df86-5d7c-a44e-e4d190523e9c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/07_szczek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Szczęk","orcid":"0000-0001-8721-6661","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-7","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["folk stories","legends","translations","translation competence"],"en":["folk stories","legends","translations","translation competence"],"pl":["folk stories","legends","translations","translation competence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents an analysis of the translation of German legends and folk stories into the Polish language. The basis for the analysis is the folk stories collected by Richard Kühnau and entitled ‘Sagen der Grafschaft Glatz’, published in 1926. The translation was produced by the fifth year students at the Department of German Philology of Wrocław University and the students of the Post-diploma Training Studies for Translators of the German Language. On the example of the analysed translations, specific areas concerning translation competence are presented.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/07_szczek.pdf","title":"Die translatorische Kompetenz in der Praxis – Analyse der Übersetzungen deutscher Sagen ins Polnische","title_en":"Translator’s competence in practice – an analysis of the translation of German legends and folk stories into Polish","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Szczęk 40"},{"id":"656929bc-dfa8-5445-a997-74a5a729c1da","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/03_tymoszuk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Tymoszuk","orcid":"0000-0001-7801-200X","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität in Lublin","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-3","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreting strategies","interpreting competence","source text compression"],"en":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreting strategies","interpreting competence","source text compression"],"pl":["simultaneous interpreting","interpreting strategies","interpreting competence","source text compression"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of this work is to present a complex typology of source text compression strategies characteristic of simultaneous interpreting as significant elements of interpreting competence. A brief description of the specificity of simultaneous interpreting and related determinants of source text compression is followed by the typology of techniques and forms of strategic source text compression illustrated by examples obtained in empirical studies.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/03_tymoszuk.pdf","title":"Typologie strategischer Ausgangstextkompressionen im Prozess des Simultandolmetschens","title_en":"The typology of strategic source text compression processes in simultaneous interpreting","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Tymoszuk 41"},{"id":"22f8e38b-08fa-5d43-8cc1-728ad5e0f8bd","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/10_jakiel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Rafał","lastName":"Jakiel","orcid":"0000-0001-5601-6042","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-10","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["film title","movie title","blockbuster title","translation","market influence"],"en":["film title","movie title","blockbuster title","translation","market influence"],"pl":["film title","movie title","blockbuster title","translation","market influence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In this article the blockbuster titles are analyzed. We treat them as names (chrematonyms), which identify specific co-texts and are in principle translatable (literally, functionally, etc.) or can be expressed in the form of a new formulation with functional translation characteristics. A movie title is definitely a market product and as such has to be sold. The influence of the market cannot be denied, as well as the harmonious, chaos-free trends / strategies and the national conventions of translation, which are pointed out after the analysis. We may observe the strategies of loan word use (Germany) and translation (Poland) and see differences in the ways that the title as a translation excerpt is dealt with.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/10_jakiel.pdf","title":"„Pirates aus der Karibik“. Ein chrematonischer Beitrag zur deutschsprachigen und polnischen Filmtitelübersetzung","title_en":"‘Pirates aus der Karibik’. A chrematonymical contribution to German and Polish translation of movie titles","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Rafał Jakiel 42"},{"id":"9aa85f78-725d-5273-a3e6-40032ebf6fa3","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/09_schulz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Fred","lastName":"Schulz","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz","en":"University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła w Żytawie/Görlitz"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-9","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["small degree courses","translation / interpreting","occupational image","desiderata of training","occupational outlook","Erasmus"],"en":["small degree courses","translation / interpreting","occupational image","desiderata of training","occupational outlook","Erasmus"],"pl":["small degree courses","translation / interpreting","occupational image","desiderata of training","occupational outlook","Erasmus"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article discusses the problems of small degree courses (covering so-called ‘orchid’ subjects) in the wake of demographic change, the restructuring of the scientific landscape and the requirements of the labour market. The degree courses in specialist translation at the University of Applied Sciences in Zittau/Görlitz will serve as an example of keeping up such traditions, at least in large parts. The study requirements, occupational image, labour market as well as fields of competence and employment will also play an important role. In addition, the paper mentions problems of differences in adhering to the principles of ‘Erasmus’ by German and Polish universities.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/09_schulz.pdf","title":"Leben unter Blumen oder: Landsknechtshochzeit","title_en":"Life surrounded by flowers or: The 30th Wedding Anniversary","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Fred Schulz 43"},{"id":"6755d9e1-d289-5562-ac64-5784329f17ee","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/11_jarosz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Józef","lastName":"Jarosz","orcid":"0000-0002-7820-667X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-11","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["translation technique","film title","equivalence"],"en":["translation technique","film title","equivalence"],"pl":["translation technique","film title","equivalence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper deals with the translation of 160 Scandinavian film titles into Polish. The study investigates the structure and the functions of the film titles. Title translation is characterized by a variety of strategies leading to a variety of outcomes. The analysis confirms the use of specific transfer strategies: title identity, title analogy, title variation, title innovation. It is shown that the most frequently used translation strategies and procedures are literal translation (over 51%) and free translation (over 18%).","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/11_jarosz.pdf","title":"Skandinavische Filmtitel in der polnischen Übersetzung","title_en":"Scandinavian film titles in Polish translation","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Józef Jarosz 44"},{"id":"82796be7-ce67-51fa-8090-36cae2f2519c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/12_scheller-boltz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Dennis","lastName":"Scheller-Boltz","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck ","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-12","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["film title","pragmatics","(inter)culturality","film translation","teaser"],"en":["film title","pragmatics","(inter)culturality","film translation","teaser"],"pl":["film title","pragmatics","(inter)culturality","film translation","teaser"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article deals with the translation of film titles. It begins by describing basic problems and requirements which translators encounter when translating film titles. This is followed by the example of translating the film title “Evet, ich will” from German into Polish by a group of students at Opole University. The example underlines not only that problems in translation can be diverse and that sometimes a loss of meaning in the target language is inevitable, but also that the concepts and approaches of translators can diff er from those of their clients.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/12_scheller-boltz.pdf","title":"Filmtitel als Übersetzungsproblem am Beispiel der deutschen Fassung des Films „Evet, ich will“ ins Polnische","title_en":"Film titles as a problem in translation – the example of translating “Evet, ich will” from German into Polish","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Dennis Scheller-Boltz 45"},{"id":"ac2039fd-6c93-5f09-bec7-06d2f3f407a8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/14_sulym/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Wolodymyr","lastName":"Sulym","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}},{"firstName":"Iryna","lastName":"Dovganiuk","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-14","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["justification","speech act","frame","metaphor","target","source"],"en":["justification","speech act","frame","metaphor","target","source"],"pl":["justification","speech act","frame","metaphor","target","source"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article deals with the concept of justification in German and Ukrainian political discourse, its metaphorical counterparts and peculiarities of metaphor use in the speech acts of justification. The common and different sources of metaphors have been established, the similarities and differences of metaphor use in both languages have been analysed.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/14_sulym.pdf","title":"Besonderheiten des Metapherngebrauchs bei der Realisierung von Sprechakten der Rechtfertigung im deutschen und ukrainischen politischen Diskurs","title_en":"Peculiarities of metaphor use in the speech acts of justification in German and Ukrainian political discourse","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Wolodymyr Sulym 46 Iryna Dovganiuk 47"},{"id":"46a0f9d1-bc49-52b0-a78e-a884e3d9e153","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/15_sadowski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Aleksander-Marek","lastName":"Sadowski","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz","en":"University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła w Żytawie/Görlitz"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-15","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["adequacy","adequateness","equivalence","equipollency"],"en":["adequacy","adequateness","equivalence","equipollency"],"pl":["adequacy","adequateness","equivalence","equipollency"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article takes on the issue that has long been discussed in professional linguistic literature regarding criteria for assessing translation quality, and highlights two terms which the author holds to be key criteria: ‘adequacy/adequateness’ (Adäquatheit) and ‘equivalence/equipollency’ (Äquivalenz). After etymological, definition-related commentary with reference to Polish and German sources, the author presents examples from his own practical experience in both translation and translation education which should serve to confirm and reinforce his thesis that these two terms, Adäquatheit and Äquivalenz, are more suitable assessment criteria than others. Finally, against this background, German-Polish technical dictionaries are critically analyzed.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/15_sadowski.pdf","title":"Auf der Suche nach Bewertungskriterien für Übersetzungen","title_en":"In the search of criteria for assessing translation quality","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Aleksander-Marek Sadowski 48"},{"id":"0df83e16-7623-57ff-a0fa-98dbe04ae133","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/16_stopyra/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Janusz","lastName":"Stopyra","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-16","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["the predicate-argument structure","semantic role","derivatives","compounds"],"en":["the predicate-argument structure","semantic role","derivatives","compounds"],"pl":["the predicate-argument structure","semantic role","derivatives","compounds"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The ordering of the Polish derivatives was based on their predicate-argument structure, analyzed in accordance with the Charles Fillmore ideas from “The Case for Case” (1968). As to the terms used in the analysis, the most important turned out to be the following: semantic role of the suffixal derivatives; motivating actant (motivierender Aktant); and incorporated actant, applicable in the case of derivatives formed from phrases. The collected suffixal derivatives were divided with reference to their semantic roles, and strictly connected with particular motivating actants (and incorporated actants). The results of this research study may facilitate the process of translating Polish texts into the German language.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/16_stopyra.pdf","title":"Vom Objekt motivierte Subjektnamen im Polnischen und im Deutschen","title_en":"Subject names motivated by the object in Polish and in German","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Janusz Stopyra 49"},{"id":"c791e0ac-7ef7-50ac-ba3c-e79f28726197","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/17_czarnecka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Czarnecka","orcid":"0000-0003-2051-5901","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-17","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["translation","equivalence","cultural processes","bilingual dictionaries"],"en":["translation","equivalence","cultural processes","bilingual dictionaries"],"pl":["translation","equivalence","cultural processes","bilingual dictionaries"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The meanings of words in two or more languages are rarely identical. A translator who has to find an equivalent of a term often faces an extremely difficult task. The problem of partial equivalence which is one of the main points in a translator’s work originates in specific cultural processes. In this paper, partial equivalence as a translation problem is illustrated by the Polish term ‘kawalerka’ and its equivalents in bilingual dictionaries.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/17_czarnecka.pdf","title":"Teiläquivalenz als Problem der Übersetzung: eine Analyse der polnischen Bezeichnung „kawalerka“ und ihrer Entsprechungen in zweisprachigen Wörterbüchern","title_en":"Partial equivalence as a problem of translation – an analysis of the Polish term ‘kawalerka’ and its equivalents in bilingual dictionaries","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Czarnecka 50"},{"id":"fa62625d-f77f-51f7-956d-e7823c273794","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/13_urban/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Urban","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität Posen","en":"Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","pl":"Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-13","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["dubbing","children’s films","translator’s competences"],"en":["dubbing","children’s films","translator’s competences"],"pl":["dubbing","children’s films","translator’s competences"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper discusses the audiovisual translators’ competences illustrated with examples of references to the Polish cultural background used in animated films for children. The paper attempts to answer the question whether audiovisual translators in Poland make excessive use of their intercultural competence and proves that it is the case. The examples of references to Polish films and TV series, songs, politicians and celebrities prove that the references are related either to the 60s-70s or to the latest events, thus contributing to the rapid ‘ageing process’ of translations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/13_urban.pdf","title":"Übersetzer animierter Kinderfilme in Polen und ihre Kompetenzen","title_en":"Translators of animated children’s films and their competences","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Urban 51"},{"id":"146dc8d0-aa1f-578f-aeea-aaeb572286cd","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/18_gawel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Agnieszka","lastName":"Gaweł","orcid":"0000-0002-0711-5658","affiliation":{"de":"Jagiellonen-Universität in Krakau","en":"Jagiellonian University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-18","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["cognitive linguistics","literary translation","imagery","scene construction","Jünger (Ernst)"],"en":["cognitive linguistics","literary translation","imagery","scene construction","Jünger (Ernst)"],"pl":["cognitive linguistics","literary translation","imagery","scene construction","Jünger (Ernst)"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper presents an analysis of the differences in scene construction between the original text of Ernst Jünger’s novel “Auf den Marmorklippen” [“On the Marble Cliffs”] and its Polish translation by Wojciech Kunicki. The results of the analysis provide evidence for the thesis that the cognitive research on dimensions of imagery enables a detailed description of the conceptual processes which determine the choice of language means used by both conceptualisers of the scene in a literary work: the author and the translator.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/18_gawel.pdf","title":"Dimensionen der Bildhaftigkeit in der literarischen Übersetzung – eine Analyse von ausgewählten Auszügen aus Ernst Jüngers Roman „Auf den Marmorklippen“ und seiner polnischen Übersetzung von Wojciech Kunicki","title_en":"Dimensions of imagery in literary translation. An analysis of selected excerpts from Ernst Jünger’s novel Auf den “Marmorklippen” [“On the Marble Cliffs”] and its Polish translation by Wojciech Kunicki","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Agnieszka Gaweł 52"},{"id":"2a6d26f2-8254-5133-8382-04e0ee4f68d0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/19_shmiher/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Taras","lastName":"Shmiher","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-19","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["postcolonial theory of translation","translation assessment","Skovoroda","deterritorialization","hybridity","orality","colonial identity"],"en":["postcolonial theory of translation","translation assessment","Skovoroda","deterritorialization","hybridity","orality","colonial identity"],"pl":["postcolonial theory of translation","translation assessment","Skovoroda","deterritorialization","hybridity","orality","colonial identity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper aims at discovering the textual values for translation quality assessment through the prism of the postcolonial theory of translation which should, supposedly, share some colonial textual symbols, key words and criteria, rising before the sheer colonial milieu got established. The well-known Ukrainian 18th-century philosopher, Hryhoriy Skovoroda, lived during the last decades of the period when Ukraine was a colony (1764/1786–1917). His mysticism and pursuit of happiness can also be interpreted as a way of escaping from or reacting to current political changes. Thus, the task of the paper is to discover the colonial perception of Ukrainian statehood via his philosophical piece ‘A Conversation Among Five Travellers Concerning Life’s True Happiness’. The case study is concerned with a number of theoretical issues: principles of translation quality assessment (by linguistic or hermeneutical means; the search for contrasting structures or key words); language and its functions (a language in a padlock of power and politics; a language versus a nation; does this bring any specific translation solutions?); political thinking and temporal limits (interpreting the 18th-century notions for a 21st-century reader); cultural signs of the epoch (the Bible as a colonizing text or a text for the colonized; all Old and Middle Ukrainian authors lavishly used quotes from the Bible: were the reasons purely religious, slightly social or partially political?). Accompanying questions and ideas for translation assessment concern the issue of intralingual translation (the 1770s Middle Ukrainian original and the 1994 Contemporary Ukrainian translation), the perception of the Other (remote places and distant events), the genesis of the concept ‘Motherland’ in Ukrainian and English.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/19_shmiher.pdf","title":"Is textual analysis possible in the postcolonial theory of translation?","title_en":"Is textual analysis possible in the postcolonial theory of translation?","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Taras Shmiher 53"},{"id":"ea8b6b21-4e3e-54dc-83a6-fa2255f5b1e7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/23_ilich/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Mariana","lastName":"Ilich","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-23","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["translation","translator’s techniques","evolution","reception","image","reproduction"],"en":["translation","translator’s techniques","evolution","reception","image","reproduction"],"pl":["translation","translator’s techniques","evolution","reception","image","reproduction"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article describes the evolution of translation techniques and approaches to P.B. Shelley’s works in Ukraine throughout 135 years. The author devotes particular attention to I. Franko, the most monumental figure in Ukrainian literature. The reception of Shelley’s works is thoroughly outlined for the first time.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/23_ilich.pdf","title":"Shelley in der Ukraine: Rezeption von 1878 bis heute","title_en":"Shelley in Ukraine: reception from 1878 until today","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Mariana Ilich 54"},{"id":"ba52e594-421b-518e-85e5-5d8848afafc9","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/24_zubchenko/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Oksana","lastName":"Zubchenko","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-24","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["title","translation","artistic work","full equivalence","variable correspondence","translation transformations"],"en":["title","translation","artistic work","full equivalence","variable correspondence","translation transformations"],"pl":["title","translation","artistic work","full equivalence","variable correspondence","translation transformations"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article discusses the peculiarities and approaches towards the title translation from English into Ukrainian. Titles are often perceived as microtexts since these brief phrases not only name the topic of an artistic work and reveal its main idea but also represent the whole artistic work. It has also been noted that translators apply the same approaches towards title translation as they do towards any artistic text. Thus, the use of various translation transformations appears to be the most productive approach in dealing with title translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/24_zubchenko.pdf","title":"Besonderheiten der Wiedergabe von Titeln amerikanischer Prosawerke","title_en":"Peculiarities of title rendition (based on the Ukrainian translations of American prose)","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Oksana Zubchenko 55"},{"id":"f59e59c4-4914-5e85-8291-28f1d69dde3e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/20_diomova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Nataliya","lastName":"Diomova","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-20","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["prosody","functions of prosody","verse structure","poetic tradition","English-Ukrainian verse translation"],"en":["prosody","functions of prosody","verse structure","poetic tradition","English-Ukrainian verse translation"],"pl":["prosody","functions of prosody","verse structure","poetic tradition","English-Ukrainian verse translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article entitled ”The functions of prosody in Robert Frost’s verse ‘Fire and Ice’ and their reproduction in Ukrainian translations” by N. Diomova discusses the role of prosody as a way to organize poetic speech in the above-mentioned anglophone verse and its Ukrainian translations by V. Kykot, N. Tysovska, V. Boychenko and V. Marach. The differences in the employment of prosody are analyzed, and the main functions of prosody that have to be taken into account in the process of translating this verse into Ukrainian are defined.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/20_diomova.pdf","title":"The functions of prosody in Robert Frost’s verse ‘Fire and Ice’ and their reproduction in Ukrainian translations","title_en":"The functions of prosody in Robert Frost’s verse ‘Fire and Ice’ and their reproduction in Ukrainian translations","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Nataliya Diomova 56"},{"id":"8aca333f-0189-5f02-b048-6d62d92a2722","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/21_czechowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ilona","lastName":"Czechowska","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-21","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["the language of Różewicz’s poetry","the language views in Różewicz’s poetry","alternation of language views during translation","differences between the language views in the source and target poems"],"en":["the language of Różewicz’s poetry","the language views in Różewicz’s poetry","alternation of language views during translation","differences between the language views in the source and target poems"],"pl":["the language of Różewicz’s poetry","the language views in Różewicz’s poetry","alternation of language views during translation","differences between the language views in the source and target poems"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Whatever we say or write we create linguistic views. They are important especially in poetry. The problem is how to treat these linguistic views in the translation because they always change. The changes don’t need to be huge, but they do influence reception of the text, e.g. the interpretation of the target text can be less (or more) ambiguous than the source text. The points of view or the relation between the foreground and the background can be different as well. This paper shows what happens with the linguistic views in the translation of the poetry of Tadeusz Różewicz.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/21_czechowska.pdf","title":"Veränderungen sprachlicher Bilder im Übersetzungsprozess am Beispiel der Dichtung von Tadeusz Różewicz","title_en":"Alternations of linguistic views during translation of sample of Różewicz’s poetry","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ilona Czechowska 57"},{"id":"59e7ab43-37b7-5592-9c69-2a08b605d647","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/25_slawski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jarosław","lastName":"Ślawski","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Jagiellonen-Universität in Krakau","en":"Jagiellonian University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-25","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["name class","name function","translating of names","adaptation of names","creating new names","omitting names"],"en":["name class","name function","translating of names","adaptation of names","creating new names","omitting names"],"pl":["name class","name function","translating of names","adaptation of names","creating new names","omitting names"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the first chapter names are divided into people’s names (personal names), which encompass first names, last names, nicknames, aliases and pseudonyms, and the names of places. The second chapter deals with the function of names. The studied group of names can be assigned the following functions: classifying, locating, characterizing, expressive and teaching function. The third chapter is about the translation of names found in the analyzed novel for children. The following strategies are considered: maintaining original names; adaptation of names; creating names; omitting names. A demanding task connected with translating names is: translation of language games connected with names; translating nicknames.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/25_slawski.pdf","title":"Das Problem der Übersetzung von Namen am Beispiel des Kinderromans „Emil und die Detektive” von Erich Kästner","title_en":"The issue of translating names based on the example of “Emil und die Detektive” by Erich Kästner, a novel for children","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jarosław Ślawski 58"},{"id":"8d0945ac-4282-5b52-9e8c-32fb3afc4391","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/26_vassylyk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anastasiya","lastName":"Vassylyk","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-26","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["Ukrainian culture","literary translation","translator’s strategy","views of translation studies"],"en":["Ukrainian culture","literary translation","translator’s strategy","views of translation studies"],"pl":["Ukrainian culture","literary translation","translator’s strategy","views of translation studies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article includes a survey of translated literary works that appeared in Ukrainian periodicals and separately − within the series of foreign literature in Ukrainian translations in the first decades of the 20th century. Special emphasis is given to both the publishing conditions of that time and the key figures involved in the process. It is proved that the role of the Ukrainian artistic translation at that time was not limited to the aesthetic and informative functions. In fact, translation contributed to cultural enlightenment, shaped national identity and, ultimately, facilitated nation shaping in Ukraine. Such motivation for translation helped forge a function-oriented strategy, one driven by the need to develop and enrich the Ukrainian language and culture.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/26_vassylyk.pdf","title":"Przekład literacki w międzywojennym Lwowie. Główne tendencje","title_en":"Literary translation of the interwar period in Lviv. Towards the main trends","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anastasiya Vassylyk 59"},{"id":"81f80fa8-2c33-5c38-be97-158d2cabda07","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/27_lukas/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Lukas","orcid":"0000-0003-0632-8966","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Gdańsk","en":"University of Gdańsk","pl":"Uniwersytet Gdański"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-27","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/27_lukas.pdf","title":"Olszewska, Izabela (2011): „Zur Übersetzung von Judaica in ausgewählten Werken der jiddischen Literatur“ (= Studia Germanica Gedanensia 24, Sonderband 7). Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego. 298 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Lukas 60"},{"id":"80a7a12d-cebb-5a8f-8fe3-937d8474390c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/28_siewert/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität in Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-28","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/28_siewert.pdf","title":"Kubacki, Artur Dariusz (2012): „Tłumaczenie poświadczone. Status, kształcenie, warsztat i odpowiedzialność tłumacza przysięgłego.” Warszawa: Wyd. Wolters Kluwer. 369 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert 61"},{"id":"314fee4a-4ad9-5760-ad4d-9fcac21f6fc7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/29_kalasznik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-29","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/29_kalasznik.pdf","title":"Lukas, Katarzyna/ Olszewska, Izabela/ Turska, Marta (Hg.) (2013): „Translation im Spannungsfeld der ‚cultural turns‘“ (= Studien zur Germanistik, Skandinavisitik und Übersetzungskultur). Frankfurt am Main u.a.: Peter Lang. 235 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcelina Kałasznik 62"},{"id":"5c6ce264-04ec-5c49-9375-2b2756fc99fa","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/04/22_hluszczenko/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lina","lastName":"Hłuszczenko","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"4-22","editors":null,"issue":4,"keywords":{"de":["the idea of life vicissitudes","omnipotence of gods","stylistic dominant","antithesis"],"en":["the idea of life vicissitudes","omnipotence of gods","stylistic dominant","antithesis"],"pl":["the idea of life vicissitudes","omnipotence of gods","stylistic dominant","antithesis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the translation by Andriy Sodomora of Archilochos’ poem ‘Всі шляхи богам відкриті’ (‘All roads are open to gods’ – translation L. H.). The peculiarities of the reproduction of the theme of life vicissitudes and gods’ omnipotence and the transference of the imagery structure, in particular, the stylistic dominant of the source text have been scrutinized in the article.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/04/22_hluszczenko.pdf","title":"Poezja Archilocha w tłumaczeniu Andrija Sodomory","title_en":"The poetry of Archilochos in the translation by A. Sodomora","type":"article","year":2013},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lina Hłuszczenko 63"},{"id":"10ec0078-e946-58ee-b1b5-3c5eb64dc24b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/01_durovic/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Annette","lastName":"Đurović","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Belgrad","en":"University of Belgrade","pl":"Uniwersytet w Belgradzie"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-1","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The legal reform in the Republic of Serbia aims to adjust its legal system to the ones stipulated by the Member States of the European Union. During this process many of the laws, regulations and legislations are being translated from the languages of the EU into Serbian. In this respect, it has been of great interest to study the texts of the two countries’ law on foreigners, the German and the Serbian one. Having compared the examples of the two named laws, one can primarily notice the lack of equality concerning the social need for the regulation of the inflow of foreign citizens in the two countries. Namely, the Federal Republic of Germany aims to prevent the increasing number of economic refugees while the Republic of Serbia does not recognize that type of problem. Based on theoretical principles, this lexical study of the examples excerpted from the two laws on foreign citizens and the terms of their residence in the two countries compares and shows lexical relations. In this respect, corresponding legal texts, dictionary equivalents and the translators’ own creative solutions are most commonly used for overcoming zero equivalence.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/01_durovic.pdf","title":"Äquivalenz und Adäquatheit in der Rechtsterminologie der EU und außerhalb - am Beispiel ausgewählter Abschnitte des deutschen und serbischen Ausländergesetzes","title_en":"Terminology equivalence and adequacy in legal texts in and outside the EU - comparison study of extracts from the Law on foreigners in the Federal Republic of Germany and those from the Law on foreigners in the Republic of Serbia","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Annette Đurović 64"},{"id":"ae2b40be-28d8-5582-8dc2-bb71ba1e94ae","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/03_zybatow/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lew N.","lastName":"Zybatow","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-3","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article rewiews some aspects of the project “Kollektive Vorstellungswelten” (Zybatow 2006), which, generally speaking, tried to compare widespread and frequently used metaphorical models in the Russian and German mass media in the 1990th. The article deals, on the one hand, with theoretical questions regarding metaphors, metaphorical models and metaphorical stereotypes (the so called Abbildungstereotypen (mapping stereotypes) - Zybatow 1995; 1998) and their interrelationship with our conceptual system and, on the other hand, with the applied empirical corpus-based metaphor research from interdisciplinary view point. Yet the central issue of the article is to verify whether the metaphors are really so “culture-specific” and so “untranslatable” (Snell-Hornby 1996, 120) and to highlight possible translation strategies and procedures for different metaphors and metaphorical contexts in different texts and discourses.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/03_zybatow.pdf","title":"Metaphern, Metaphernmodelle und metaphorische Abbildungsstereotypen im Vergleich und in der Übersetzung","title_en":"Metaphors, Metaphorical Models and Metaphorical Stereotypes in Comparative and Translatological Light","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lew N. Zybatow 65"},{"id":"51e17494-7c38-58f0-b06b-3947ddbd6e59","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/05_cardone/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Flavia","lastName":"Cardone","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Salerno","en":"University of Salerno","pl":"Uniwersytet w Salerno"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-5","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Paris. 2007. A woman has just received a farewell letter from her boyfriend. Not able to understand the end of their relationship, she asks 107 different women to read the letter and to try to say something about it. Every woman replies with her usual language: dance, Braille, philosophy, tarots, etc. This is Sophie Calle - French narrative artist - and her work is “Prenez soin de vous”. Above all interesting because of the interference between texts and visuals, this work is a collective group of translations in which translation studies and semiotic theories about interpretation, reading and transcodification can find many reasons of interest. The sign, in fact, is something that nobody can circumscribe only into a type of signs and every text always dialogues with other texts. The work of Sophie Calle can perfectly represent an interesting place for an application of the translation studies.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/05_cardone.pdf","title":"Arte e traduzione. Appunti intorno Sophie Calle","title_en":"Art and translation","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Flavia Cardone 66"},{"id":"070fc328-6b10-59a0-b5e3-d358a05d5d96","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/02_kubacki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Artur Dariusz","lastName":"Kubacki","orcid":"0000-0002-3740-2551","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-2","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents an analysis of mistakes made in the translation of “Erbschein” (a German inheritance document) into Polish. First, the author describes the role of this document in German inheritance law. Then he carries out a detailed analysis of mistakes made by a sworn translator in the certified translation of “Erbschein”. The translation was used as evidence in the proceedings before an appellate court to recognize a decision taken by a German court of first instance in the territory of Poland. The analysis is based on the criteria for classifying mistakes specified in ministerial guidelines on the assessment of specialist translations made by candidates for sworn translators. The author discusses factual, terminological, language, and formal mistakes found in the translation. Finally, he pays attention to other problems connected with the translation of the above-mentioned document into Polish.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/02_kubacki.pdf","title":"Analiza błędów w tłumaczeniu na język polski dokumentu spadkowego „Erbschein”","title_en":"An analysis of mistakes made in the translation of “Erbschein” into Polish","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Artur Dariusz Kubacki 67"},{"id":"9990a46e-3da2-57ed-95b8-33aa6ad3fbaa","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/06_beke/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Márton","lastName":"Beke","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Katholische Péter-Pázmány-Universität","en":"Pázmány Péter Catholic University","pl":"Katolicki Uniwersytet Pétera Pázmánya"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-6","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The symbolic fight mentioned in the title of the paper refers to the struggle of the translator while trying to transpose a literary text into another language, in the given case from Czech into Hungarian. Although necessary and inevitable, this work sometimes seems to be hopeless: in fact it is nearly impossible to transform one language into the other. The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the major problems that arise during translation from Czech into Hungarian and to provide some literary examples in these fields. The two most frequent difficulties are: 1) the gap between the colloquial and literary Czech language that can be hardly reproduced in Hungarian, 2) the differences that occur in the fields of semantics, i. e. that the two languages refer differently to the reality: for some things and phenomena Czech language has a wide variety of words (e. g. the words in connection with beer and brewery), while Hungarian has hardly any for the same things. The conclusion of the paper is that it is important to investigate and to elaborate the above issues in the Czech-Hungarian context because it can lead to interesting results in the field of general translation studies, too.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/06_beke.pdf","title":"Přeládání jako zápas mezi jazyky (o české literatuře v maďarštině)","title_en":"Translation as a fight between languages. On Czech literature in Hungarian","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Márton Beke 68"},{"id":"23a85c54-eeec-5a01-b145-a9d329698879","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/08_hutkova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anita","lastName":"Huťková","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Matej-Bel-Universität Banská Bystrica","en":"Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica","pl":"Uniwersytet Mateja Bela w Bańskiej Bystrzycy"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-8","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper presents a number of translation practices and methods in order to explain the principles and types of so called antonymic translation, which is a specific translation operation depending neither on the translation direction, nor the compared languages. It is a typical facultative translation operation applied mainly by the expert translators. In her account the author first refers to the linguistic knowledge, as well as logical and semantic background of the observed phenomenon. Later she mentions the translatological works by Recker (1974) and Klaudy (1999). In the fourth analytical part she offers her own stratification created on the basis of interpretation of Slovak and Hungarian examples from fiction (1. negation, 1.1 intensification of negation, 1.2 reduction of negation, 2. conversion).","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/08_hutkova.pdf","title":"Antonymicklý preklad","title_en":"Antonymic translation","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anita Huťková 69"},{"id":"a4c6cb4e-1751-59a6-9b42-0f7b7f6c9e84","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/09_jarosz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Józef","lastName":"Jarosz","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-9","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper looks briefly at the Polish proverbs in the translation of W.S. Reymonts novel “Chłopi” into Danish. The proverbs and their metaphors are inherent components of the source text. Among the analyzed forms there are some Polish proverbs that have exact Danish equivalents, a couple of them which have approximate equivalents, and some of them which do not have equivalents in the target language. An optimal translation decision could be to find an exact equivalent for a Polish proverb in Danish. But the translator chose another strategy: he transferred not the referential meaning but the stylistic and emotional nuances of the proverbs (rhyme and rhythm) and in this way he retained the literary quality in the translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/09_jarosz.pdf","title":"Zur Wahrung der literarischen Qualität in der Übersetzung am Beispiel der Wiedergabe von Sprichwörtern","title_en":"About the retaining of literary quality in the translation","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Józef Jarosz 70"},{"id":"6eff8a9f-65ba-5850-89fe-fb2584ea048d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/07_harpan/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michal","lastName":"Harpáň","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Novi Sad","en":"University of Novi Sad","pl":"Uniwersytet w Nowym Sadzie"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-7","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the paper prof. Michał Harpáň analyses the authorial poetry translations from Serbian into Slovak (by P. Bohuš, V. Hronec and V. Benková). The topic can be divided in two areas. The first one consists of culturology issues of bilingualism/dual literary domicile of writers who try to “return” a poetic utterance into a certain communication context through auto-translation. The second area is related to the theory of literature in which, in fact, the author takes the greatest interest. By the analysis of shifts between the Serbian and Slovak wordings of poems, he has tried to prove there are not two originals (Serbian and Slovak). However, neither the relation between the original and the translation takes its classic form. In the structure of the original he identified the metatext, i.e. translation elements, and in the structure of the translation the elements of the local (i.e. Slovak) literature, while both poetic communicates can also be considered to be originals.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/07_harpan.pdf","title":"Typológia posunov v autorskom preklade","title_en":"Typology of shifts in the authorial translation","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michal Harpáň 71"},{"id":"5551b715-d978-523c-ba50-79d94705038c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/10_oehl/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Öhl","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg","en":"Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg","pl":"Uniwersytet Albrechta i Ludwika we Fryburgu"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-10","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Old High German Literature consists largely of literary translation. German as a written language that we encounter in later periods of literary production developed from a literary culture which came into being in the early Middle Ages. It is the result of translation (in the sense of transfer) in three aspects: political/ideological, cultural/spiritual and, last but not least, also linguistic. Under the Latin influence, increasing literacy changed the linguistic style and the syntax, and the lexicon was significantly enlarged. This kind of change, i.e. language change initiated by translation, we propose to term as translational change. For the reasons just specified, a theory of translational change must integrate, besides linguistic factors, also those of the cultural and political historical background.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/10_oehl.pdf","title":"Althochdeutsche Obersetzungsliteratur in einem Modell translatorischen Wandels","title_en":"Old High German Literary Translation in a Model of Translational Change","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Peter Öhl 72"},{"id":"7e9e2756-0df7-5edc-93be-3af5fa7189dc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/04_bohusova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zuzana","lastName":"Bohušová","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Matej-Bel-Universität Banská Bystrica","en":"Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica","pl":"Uniwersytet Mateja Bela w Bańskiej Bystrzycy"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-4","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This contribution deals with the interdependency of neutralization as an interpretation strategy and with neutrality as an interpretation basic attitude. The author draws on her own application of neutralization when interpreting and on the fractal theory. This theory can also be used to clarify the neutrality requirements and the necessary impartiality of the professional interpreter. The interpreter interprets in serious negotiations such as in war, but also in everyday conflicts, for example: interpretation in controversial political negotiations; in court; in undiplomatic, unethical or vulgar diatribes; also in polemical or critical discourse; in hard business negotiations and so on.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/04_bohusova.pdf","title":"Neutralisierungen beim Dolmetschen und Neutralität des Dolmetschers","title_en":"Neutralization when interpreting and interpreter neutrality","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zuzana Bohušová 73"},{"id":"d14a32f5-45cc-5877-84cc-713db4f06e08","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/11_voros/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"István","lastName":"Vörös","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Katholische Péter-Pázmány-Universität","en":"Pázmány Péter Catholic University","pl":"Katolicki Uniwersytet Pétera Pázmánya"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-11","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"I only get to know how good a poem is when I am in the process of translation. The biggest problem in the work of a translator of poetry is, how to translate the style of the poet, how to express his or her originality. Good example for this problem is the question of Vladimír Holan’s translation into Hungarian. The Czech and the Hungarian concept of poetry is different, but a big poem has to be big in translation, too. Big poetry has slightly different character in these two languages, cultures. The long poem Toskana by Holan is an internal journey that is translated into an external journey. This way of poetical thinking is a little bit bizarre for the Hungarian tradition. But can we tell after Wittgenstein: What we can’t translate, is forbidden to be translated? There are some elements that can be transferred from one language into another during translation but not through translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/11_voros.pdf","title":"A költői hang fordíthatóságáról. Fordulat Vladimír Holan Toszkánája körül","title_en":"Translatability of the poet’s voice. About Vladimír Holan’s Toskána","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"István Vörös 74"},{"id":"3531a64c-80e6-54d1-b99a-373d3e85f7c9","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/12_moratto/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Riccardo","lastName":"Moratto","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"National Taiwan Normal University","en":"National Taiwan Normal University","pl":"National Taiwan Normal University"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-12","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper is based on a previous focus group study carried out in Taiwan and presented by the author at the fifteenth international symposium of Interpreting and Translation studies in Tainan, Taiwan. The focus group research was on the use and misuse of MT (Machine Translation) by second-year university students. The rationale at the base of the study was that the Machine Translation Era (MTE) in which we are living calls for new challenging perspectives to enrich existing translation curricula and to investigate students’ (mis)use of MT. In this paper, I will further emphasize the importance of the so-called “reverse approach” in translation training. The first part of this paper will briefly analyze the literature review on MT. Secondly, I will describe the results of the afore-mentioned study and its implications in translation training and translators’ self-perception. Finally, I will draw the conclusions regarding translation trainers' new role/s in the 21st century and trainees' future challenges and opportunities.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/12_moratto.pdf","title":"Translation trends in the 21st century: the role of trainers and the future of trainees. A Taiwan perspective","title_en":"Translation trends in the 21st century: the role of trainers and the future of trainees. A Taiwan perspective","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Riccardo Moratto 75"},{"id":"94d2af05-adac-5796-a40e-ead1dcebe2a2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/14_ustaszewski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Ustaszewski","orcid":"0000–0002–2000–5920","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-14","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"Die Erweiterung der Europäischen Union und die damit einhergehende erhöhte Nachfrage nach professionellen Obersetzern machten neue Methoden zur Ausbildung von mehrsprachigen Übersetzern, die auch „kleinere“ europäische Sprachen beherrschen, erforderlich. Als Antwort auf die neuen Herausforderungen am Arbeitsmarkt für Übersetzer und Dolmetscher wurde an der Universität Innsbruck der modulare Kurs „EuroComTranslat“ entwickelt und im Curriculum für das Studium der Translationswissenschaft verankert. Der Kurs berücksichtigt die neuesten Erkenntnisse aus Translations- und Interkomprehensionsdidaktik und befähigt die Studierenden zur effizienten Nutzung ihrer Arbeitssprachen für den interkomprehensionsbasierten Erwerb weiterer C-Sprachen. Am Beispiel des EuroComTranslat-Kurses „Polnisch über Russisch“ und dessen empirischen Evaluierung gibt der vorliegende Beitrag eine Einführung in interkomprehensionsbasierte Fremdsprachenvermittlungsmethoden und zeigt auf, wie diese erfolgreich in der Übersetzerausbildung eingesetzt werden können.","en":"Die Erweiterung der Europäischen Union und die damit einhergehende erhöhte Nachfrage nach professionellen Obersetzern machten neue Methoden zur Ausbildung von mehrsprachigen Übersetzern, die auch „kleinere“ europäische Sprachen beherrschen, erforderlich. Als Antwort auf die neuen Herausforderungen am Arbeitsmarkt für Übersetzer und Dolmetscher wurde an der Universität Innsbruck der modulare Kurs „EuroComTranslat“ entwickelt und im Curriculum für das Studium der Translationswissenschaft verankert. Der Kurs berücksichtigt die neuesten Erkenntnisse aus Translations- und Interkomprehensionsdidaktik und befähigt die Studierenden zur effizienten Nutzung ihrer Arbeitssprachen für den interkomprehensionsbasierten Erwerb weiterer C-Sprachen. Am Beispiel des EuroComTranslat-Kurses „Polnisch über Russisch“ und dessen empirischen Evaluierung gibt der vorliegende Beitrag eine Einführung in interkomprehensionsbasierte Fremdsprachenvermittlungsmethoden und zeigt auf, wie diese erfolgreich in der Übersetzerausbildung eingesetzt werden können.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/14_ustaszewski.pdf","title":"EuroComTranslat: lntercomprehensive Teaching of Polish through Russian in Translator Education","title_en":"EuroComTranslat: lntercomprehensive Teaching of Polish through Russian in Translator Education","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michael Ustaszewski 76"},{"id":"2e9c9aa1-e5e5-5de6-818b-b838a16ba2b8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/02/13_sieradzka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Sieradzka","orcid":"0000–0001–5841–9574","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"2-13","editors":null,"issue":2,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article is devoted to the problem of translatability of cultural references in the form of names for realities expressing unknown phenomena in the culture of a target language. The results of the research, carried out among the students of the two-semester Postgraduate Translation Studies in the Institute of German Philology at the University of Rzeszów, have been presented in the article. German equivalents of the selected names for realities offered by the students, referring to the history and geography of Poland, have been analysed. Translation techniques have been shown and commented on. The remarks on the choice and way of using reference works and Internet resources by the students close the reflections.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/02/13_sieradzka.pdf","title":"Cepelia, Kresy, Kaszuby, szlachta, kontusz... Kritische Anmerkungen zum Umgang der Studierenden mit den Nachschlagewerken bei der Obersetzung von Realienbezeichnungen","title_en":"Cepelia, Kresy, Kaszuby, szlachta, kontusz... Critical remarks on the use of reference works by students in the translation of the names for realities","type":"article","year":2011},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Sieradzka 77"},{"id":"b0db52b8-2f77-5bbc-8368-d7379b7cb285","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/01_bak/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Bąk","orcid":"0000-0002-7951-6477","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-1","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["strategy of positioning","bilingual German-Polish discourses"],"en":["strategy of positioning","bilingual German-Polish discourses"],"pl":["strategy of positioning","bilingual German-Polish discourses"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article discusses less-studied aspects of bilingual public discourse, using the example of the bilingual German-Polish press and a selected joint statement by Polish and German archbishops from 2009. The discussion highlights the role of the category of perspective and asymmetry in shaping public bilingual discourses. The article proposes that the “orientation” model be used to examine the strategy of shaping public bilingual discourse.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/01_bak.pdf","title":"Zur Strategie der Hinwendung in bilingualen deutsch-polnischen Diskursen. Vorüberlegungen zum integrativen Herangehen an die Schnittstelle von Translationswissenschaft und Diskursanalyse","title_en":"The strategy of orientation in bilingual German-Polish discourse: Preliminary considerations on integrated approach to Translation Studies and Discourse Analysis","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Bąk 78"},{"id":"d0c2981b-83dc-5856-9283-2b99e273e3f2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/05_fouad/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lobna","lastName":"Fouad","orcid":"0000–0002–5920–613X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helwan in Kairo","en":"Helwan University in Cairo","pl":"Uniwersytet Helwan w Kairze"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-5","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["Abbas Khider","Arabic/Iraqi Identity","intercultural studies","Adelbert von Chamisso Prize"],"en":["Abbas Khider","Arabic/Iraqi Identity","intercultural studies","Adelbert von Chamisso Prize"],"pl":["Abbas Khider","Arabic/Iraqi Identity","intercultural studies","Adelbert von Chamisso Prize"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper discusses the bundling and unbundling of linguistic, national and religious transcultural components of identity in the literature of the German/Iraqi author Abbas Khider, who was awarded in 2010 with the Adelbert von Chamisso Prize in Literature. Khider and Chamisso shared the experience of a vital life between two cultures. They both have found a new home in the German language. This paper focuses on Khider’s literature. His novels reflect double identity through language. Moreover, this paper sheds some light on The Adelbert von Chamisso Prize itself, which is presented in Munich every year by the Robert Bosch Association and the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts. This prize is given to authors who write in German although it is not their mother tongue. It is a symbol of the new multicultural Germany, which is becoming more interested in the emigration literature.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/05_fouad.pdf","title":"Verflechtung und Entflechtung von deutscher und arabischer bzw. irakischer Identität in der Grenzgängerliteratur des Chamisso-Förderpreisträgers von 2010 Abbas Khider","title_en":"Bundling and unbundling of German and Arabic/Iraqi identity in the border-crossing literature of 2010 Adelbert von Chamisso Prize winner Abbas Khider","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lobna Fouad 79"},{"id":"f1742908-4742-5ec5-88b1-be7142411648","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/04_kolupajlo/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kornelia","lastName":"Kołupajło","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität Posen","en":"Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","pl":"Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-4","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["collocation","collocations in Polish and German","collocation patterns","lexicographical description","lexicography of collocations","linguistic corpora"],"en":["collocation","collocations in Polish and German","collocation patterns","lexicographical description","lexicography of collocations","linguistic corpora"],"pl":["collocation","collocations in Polish and German","collocation patterns","lexicographical description","lexicography of collocations","linguistic corpora"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The purpose of this article is to present the draft of the lexicographical description of German and Polish collocations in a contrastive approach and to show how the linguistic corpora of German (DeReKo) and Polish (NKJP) can be used to identify significant lexical collocations. This corpus-based analysis has been carried out from a lexicographical and contrastive German-Polish and Polish-German perspective.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/04_kolupajlo.pdf","title":"Kollokationen im deutsch-polnischen Vergleich und deren lexikografische Beschreibung","title_en":"German and Polish collocations in a contrastive approach and their lexicographical description","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kornelia Kołupajło 80"},{"id":"16417686-6a0e-5470-a39d-9004eea2beb3","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/06_bacuvcikova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Petra","lastName":"Bačuvčíková","orcid":"0000-0002-0919-6893","affiliation":{"de":"Tomáš-Baťa-Universität in Zlín","en":"Tomas Bata University in Zlín","pl":"Uniwersytet Tomáša Baty w Zlínie"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-6","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["legal language","court decision","verb forms","translation"],"en":["legal language","court decision","verb forms","translation"],"pl":["legal language","court decision","verb forms","translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This text is a text linguistic analysis of German and Czech court decisions. A particular attention is paid to the use of tense and mode forms. The analysis shows that German court decisions use certain tense and mode forms in connection with specific information while Czech decisions make use of typical formulations and expressions. A combination of certain verb forms with specific information can be observed only partially here. Of course, the differences are based on the grammatical systems of these two languages, but the analysis shows which points in translations, especially concerning German as the target language, one should focus on.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/06_bacuvcikova.pdf","title":"Tempus- und Modusformen in Gerichtsentscheidungen","title_en":"Tense and mode forms in court decisions","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Petra Bačuvčíková 81"},{"id":"abec3290-5272-5431-a81b-1a147903d810","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/08_maras/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Tomasz","lastName":"Maras","orcid":"0000-0002-1752-333X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-8","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["adequacy","skopos theory","translation","functional"],"en":["adequacy","skopos theory","translation","functional"],"pl":["adequacy","skopos theory","translation","functional"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The main subject of the article is to show the importance of adequacy and skopos theory for the purpose-oriented translation. The article describes the foundation of the skopos theory and purpose-oriented types of translation that are related to this theory. This paper focuses on presenting the most important characteristics and principles of skopos theory, which has been formulated by Reiß/Vermeer in 1984.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/08_maras.pdf","title":"Die Adäquatheit und die Skopostheorie als konstituierende Ansätze der zielorientierten Übersetzung","title_en":"Adequacy and skopos theory as constituent approaches in purpose-oriented translation","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Tomasz Maras 82"},{"id":"16c3c793-a963-5632-9635-a9c8081f3407","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/02_rothkegel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Annely","lastName":"Rothkegel","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Hildesheim","en":"University of Hildesheim","pl":"Uniwersytet w Hildesheim"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-2","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["sustainability communication","meaning construction","interdisciplinary approach","climate change","sustainable cities","product design"],"en":["sustainability communication","meaning construction","interdisciplinary approach","climate change","sustainable cities","product design"],"pl":["sustainability communication","meaning construction","interdisciplinary approach","climate change","sustainable cities","product design"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The area of sustainability or communication of sustainability provides an area for observing the dynamics of conceptualizations and meaning construction. Whereas the central ideas have been developed during several epochs and disciplines, some basic concepts seem to survive until our days. The present contribution aims at demonstrating some strategies of how language use operates as indicator for different kinds of modeling different perspectives on reality. Starting from the semantic preconditions of conceptual constructions (text analysis, language-knowledge-relationship) four situations of communication are reflected: the historical development of concepts of sustainability and several specifications in the areas of climate change, city development and product design. Common to all is the fact that they are oriented towards the basic idea of change and transformation. In this perspective some strategies of how to approach this complex area of questions concerning interdisciplinary (international) communication are demonstrated.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/02_rothkegel.pdf","title":"Spuren von Sprachen und Kulturen in Modellen der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation","title_en":"Traces of languages and cultures in models of communicating sustainability","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Annely Rothkegel 83"},{"id":"9406e602-d79d-5075-983c-cc8f40b3298f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/07_bukowska-pelc/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Urszula","lastName":"Bukowska-Pelc","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-7","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["terminological field","distribution of legal terms","notional equivalence","functional equivalent","legal terminology"],"en":["terminological field","distribution of legal terms","notional equivalence","functional equivalent","legal terminology"],"pl":["terminological field","distribution of legal terms","notional equivalence","functional equivalent","legal terminology"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper aims to present how to avoid terminological errors by means of a terminological field while considering the distribution of the given term on the example of the legal term guardian. German equivalents suggested by selected specialised dictionaries were subjected to a confrontation analysis with attention to errors made when elaborating the entries.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/07_bukowska-pelc.pdf","title":"Ustalanie ekwiwalentów terminów prawnych w różnych systemach prawnych na przykładzie pola terminologicznego kurator i jego odpowiedników w języku niemieckim","title_en":"Determination of equivalents of legal terms in various legal systems as exemplified by the terminological field of the term guardian and the equivalents thereof in German","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Urszula Bukowska-Pelc 84"},{"id":"5f452876-6afb-5016-a577-c0cfeb996695","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/03_burkhardt/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Burkhardt","orcid":"0000-0002-0753-5150","affiliation":{"de":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","en":"Humboldt University of Berlin","pl":"Uniwersytet Humboldtów w Berlinie"}},{"firstName":"Alina","lastName":"Jurasz","orcid":"0000-0001-5179-606X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-3","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["monolingual and bilingual collocation dictionaries","macrostructure","microstructure","keyword articles","substantive bases","homonymy","hypernymy","equivalence","cultureme"],"en":["monolingual and bilingual collocation dictionaries","macrostructure","microstructure","keyword articles","substantive bases","homonymy","hypernymy","equivalence","cultureme"],"pl":["monolingual and bilingual collocation dictionaries","macrostructure","microstructure","keyword articles","substantive bases","homonymy","hypernymy","equivalence","cultureme"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article is the result of research on bilingual collocation lexicography aiming at publishing a German-Polish Collocation-Dictionary in a joint project of Humboldt University in Berlin and University of Wrocław. Despite the publication of many bilingual collocation dictionaries in the past 5 years (i.a. Quasthoff 2011, Häcki Buhofer/Dräger/Meier/Roth 2014, Hollós 2014, Konecny/Autelli 2015), a gap remains as far as German-Polish lexicography is concerned. The planned compendium of morphosyntactic and lexico-semantic divergent collocations is supposed to close this gap. It also should raise, foster and build the awareness of collocations among learners of German and Polish.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/03_burkhardt.pdf","title":"Zu einigen Problemen der Darstellung von Kollokationen im deutsch-polnischen Kollokationswörterbuch","title_en":"About some problems with the description of collocations in the German and Polish collocation dictionary","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hanna Burkhardt 85 Alina Jurasz 86"},{"id":"6e9f960a-43ab-5808-8e41-3463cc1ba4fa","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/10_sieradzka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Sieradzka","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-10","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["multilingualism in literary translation","translator’s creativity","translation techniques"],"en":["multilingualism in literary translation","translator’s creativity","translation techniques"],"pl":["multilingualism in literary translation","translator’s creativity","translation techniques"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper deals with selected aspects of literary translation which focus on the issue of multilingualism. Some problems arising from translating Vladimir Kaminer’s “Die Reise nach Trulala” are exemplified here. The analytical part consists of a review and a description of the translation techniques applied by Barbara Kocowska in her Polish translation of the foreign words and phrases, and proper names in the novel.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/10_sieradzka.pdf","title":"Mehrsprachigkeit in der literarischen Übersetzung","title_en":"Multilingualism in literary translation","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Sieradzka 87"},{"id":"df7a0b46-b318-5d6f-9be1-05570c3b8306","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/09_bialek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Edward","lastName":"Białek","orcid":"0000-0001-6334-8539","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-9","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["Kazimirz Filip Wize","literary translation","German poetry","political literature"],"en":["Kazimirz Filip Wize","literary translation","German poetry","political literature"],"pl":["Kazimirz Filip Wize","literary translation","German poetry","political literature"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Selected translations of Heinrich Heine’s poetry are discussed in this article along with his connections with Poland. The majority of the nineteenth century translations of Heine’s poems and his other poetry works were completed by amateur translators, and as such they do not aspire to be treated as artistic literature. The same applies to a number of translations made in the 20th century. Heine’s poetry abounds in allusions, references to aesthetic and political disputes therefore its translation requires relevant language and cultural competence. The examples referred to in this article seem – in today’s terms – to be just historical examples of Polish literature; their language is archaic and unavailable to a modern reader.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/09_bialek.pdf","title":"Kazimirza Filipa Wize przekład poematu Heinricha Heinego „Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen” („Niemcy. Baśń zimowa”). Próba krytyki przekładu","title_en":"On Polish translations of Heinrich Heine’s poetry on the example of the epic poem “Germany. A Winter’s Tale” by Kazimirz Filip Wize","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Edward Białek 88"},{"id":"e5a02dba-cd81-5761-b422-067adcc3abed","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/11_laskowski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marek","lastName":"Laskowski","orcid":"0000-0001-6174-2364","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Zielona Góra","en":"University of Zielona Góra","pl":"Uniwersytet Zielonogórski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-11","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["unchanged phraseological units","phraseology","translation","literary text"],"en":["unchanged phraseological units","phraseology","translation","literary text"],"pl":["unchanged phraseological units","phraseology","translation","literary text"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The subject of this article is a search for idioms in novel “The Tin Drum” (German: “Die Blechtrommel”) written by Günter Grass and its comparison with Polish translation. What follows is the categorisation of examples into separate groups according to their correspondence. The theoretical part aims to demonstrate that phraseology is a linguistic science coping with characterization of phraselogical units. The practical part deals with idioms found in above mentioned novel and their analysis on the basis of the correspondence between German original and Polish translation. Following the German-Polish translation comparison, possibilities, difficulties and limits of the translation of the unchanged phraseological units are shown and systematically illustrated.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/11_laskowski.pdf","title":"Translatorische Herausforderungen der phraseologischen Wendungen am Beispiel des literarischen Textes „Die Blechtrommel“. Zur Übersetzung unveränderter Phraseologismen mit den phraseologischen Einheiten der Zielsprache","title_en":"Translation challenges posed by phraseological units on the example of a literary text: The translation of the unchanged phraseological units by means of target-language idioms","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marek Laskowski 89"},{"id":"a58b92ab-b308-5707-87cd-47618c5fa9cb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/12_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-12","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["poetical cycle","(un-)translatability","emotion","rendering"],"en":["poetical cycle","(un-)translatability","emotion","rendering"],"pl":["poetical cycle","(un-)translatability","emotion","rendering"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The rendering of poetry is seen by many translation theorists as an impossible task because of the complexity of poetry. The translator has to not only convey the content of the poem in the target language but also maintain the poetic form. The aim of this article is to illustrate how different translators dealt with this difficult, but not impossible undertaking in their renderings of Jan Kochanowskis poetical cycle into German, with regard to the lexemes which express emotions. The confrontational analysis shows that poetry and emotions enclosed in it, despite many difficulties, are translatable.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/12_gaska.pdf","title":"Zur (Un-)Übersetzbarkeit von Emotionen am Beispiel von Jan Kochanowskis Zyklus „Treny“ und dessen Nachdichtungen ins Deutsche","title_en":"The (un-)translatability of emotions on the example of Jan Kochanowski’s poetical cycle “Treny” and its renderings into German","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 90"},{"id":"3cd12272-c2e4-5208-ac01-d511818a994d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/18_szczek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Szczęk","orcid":"0000-0001-8721-6661","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}},{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-18","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["multilingualism","language biography","learning foreign languages"],"en":["multilingualism","language biography","learning foreign languages"],"pl":["multilingualism","language biography","learning foreign languages"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"One of the aims of the common European language policy is achieving multilingualism. The realization of the concept of multilingualism can, however, be implemented in different ways. In our presentation, we are trying to analyse the concept of multilingualism and in particular its implementation. The starting point for our study is the survey that was conducted in May 2015 among students of German linguistics in Poland. The survey results are analysed with regard to the realization of multilingualism concept on the example of specific language learning biographies of students.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/18_szczek.pdf","title":"Mehrsprachigkeit – Zwischen Annahmen und Realität. Versuch einer Bilanz am Beispiel der Sprachlernbiografien polnischer Studenten","title_en":"Multilingualism – between assumptions and reality: An overview on the example of language learning biographies of Polish students","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Szczęk 91 Marcelina Kałasznik 92"},{"id":"69f48e81-26e1-501c-b2da-160f6cf6596b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/14_sulikowska-fajfer/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Sulikowska-Fajfer","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Aleksander-Brückner-Zentrum für Polenstudien Halle","en":"Aleksander Brückner Center for Polish Studies in Halle","pl":"Centrum Studiów Polonoznawczych im. Aleksandra Brücknera w Halle"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-14","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["Polish-German translation","sex as taboo","Dorota Masłowska","taboo(breaking) in the Polish literature"],"en":["Polish-German translation","sex as taboo","Dorota Masłowska","taboo(breaking) in the Polish literature"],"pl":["Polish-German translation","sex as taboo","Dorota Masłowska","taboo(breaking) in the Polish literature"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Dorota Masłowska is an author well-known for tackling topics which are regarded as taboo in Poland. Due to many examples of sex and gender related taboo violations her novel “Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną” has been described as outrageous. The descriptions and remarks in this book do not have much in common with the socially accepted, romantic ideas concerning sexual intercourse. This paper draws on the understanding of a German term “Geschlecht” by Ute Frietsch. She understands it not only as sexual acts, but also as sex features, genitalia as well as culturally and socially formed gender ratio (Frietsch 2008: 10). The examples discussed in this paper concern three aspects. First, how the taboo is broken by Dorota Masłowska with literary means. Second, what decisions have been made by the German translator in order to translate the violation of taboo. Third, the issue will be discussed whether the German reader is confronted with as intense taboo violation as the Polish one.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/14_sulikowska-fajfer.pdf","title":"Sex, Geschlecht, Geschlechterverhältnisse – Tabubrüche in der Prosa von Dorota Masłowska und deren deutscher Übersetzung","title_en":"Sex, gender, gender ratio: Taboo violation in Dorota Masłowska’s novel and its German translation","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Sulikowska-Fajfer 93"},{"id":"86cea214-213f-5dfc-ba26-2d1f7b733278","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/16_czerwonka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zuzanna","lastName":"Czerwonka","orcid":"0000-0003-2578-1387","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-16","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["German","Dutch","phonetic interference","graphic interference","foreign accent"],"en":["German","Dutch","phonetic interference","graphic interference","foreign accent"],"pl":["German","Dutch","phonetic interference","graphic interference","foreign accent"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The text analyses the problem of combined phonetic-graphical interference from German as L1 and L2 in the currently learned foreign language (Dutch). Both theoretical and practical questions are answered. A speech-analysis which shows examples of combined phonetic-graphical interference is also provided. The results of the analysis demonstrate that combined phoneticgraphical influence from German as L1 or L2 is a common problem in the acquisition of Dutch pronunciation and must be taken into consideration while planning pronunciation lessons.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/16_czerwonka.pdf","title":"Die graphemisch-perzeptive Interferenz aus dem Deutschen (als L1 oder L2) als Problem beim Ausspracheerwerb im Niederländischen","title_en":"The graphical-perceptive interference from German (L1 and L2) as a problem in the process of the acquisition of Dutch pronunciation","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zuzanna Czerwonka 94"},{"id":"fd6f21ca-cf8b-5ae6-a7c4-4b3d3178d963","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/17_khoffi/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Houda","lastName":"Khoffi","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Karthago","en":"University of Carthage","pl":"Uniwersytet Kartagiński"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-17","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["the role of books for German as a foreign language in promoting multilingualism","integration course","didactics","reflection on the learning process"],"en":["the role of books for German as a foreign language in promoting multilingualism","integration course","didactics","reflection on the learning process"],"pl":["the role of books for German as a foreign language in promoting multilingualism","integration course","didactics","reflection on the learning process"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"With the arrival of 1 million refugees in Germany, the universities and German courses are becoming more and more heterogeneous. Due to this fact, it is necessary to analyse how we can didactically include other languages in the German language course as both a foreign language and a second language. Therefore, we must take a look into modern and popular German course books for adults to see if they include other languages and if so, how it is done. It is also interesting to see whether teachers of German language keep insisting on a monolingual teaching form.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/17_khoffi.pdf","title":"Sprachdidaktik in mehrsprachigen Lernergruppen am Beispiel von DaZ mit besonderem Augenmerk auf Integrationskurse","title_en":"Language teaching in multilingual learning groups on the example of integration courses","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Houda Khoffi 95"},{"id":"0b4df548-8cd6-5bf7-a9ee-a910dc827d9f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/19_skowronek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Barbara","lastName":"Skowronek","orcid":"0000-0003-4302-7206","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität Posen","en":"Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","pl":"Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-19","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["multilingualism","mother tongue","multiculturalism","language politics","language community"],"en":["multilingualism","mother tongue","multiculturalism","language politics","language community"],"pl":["multilingualism","mother tongue","multiculturalism","language politics","language community"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The term ‘multilingualism’ means that one learns and is being taught different languages in an integrative way (not separately from one another). Therefore, the continuous, life-long learning (and cultivation) of one’s mother tongue should be perceived as crucial. Our mother tongues reflect traditions, history and value systems. They are also the very first tool of communication that we acquire. They enable us to explore and name the world and its phenomena. In language communities and communities of given countries, they are also recognized and used as official languages, languages of science and of instruction. Other languages are acquired on the basis of them. Therefore, any language politics should always pay particular attention to continuous cultivation of mother tongues. As a result, the perception of multilingualism should resemble that of multiculturalism. Languages should be taught and acquired in communicative linguistic and cultural communities in an integrative, equal and simultaneous way, with the use of adstrate elements and taking into consideration trans-relations between languages.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/19_skowronek.pdf","title":"Die Muttersprache im Gefüge der Mehrsprachigkeit","title_en":"Mother tongue in the framework of multilingualism","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Barbara Skowronek 96"},{"id":"bd71ae5d-adff-5f28-93e2-eb499a8c0030","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/20_khoffi/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Houda","lastName":"Khoffi","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Karthago","en":"University of Carthage","pl":"Uniwersytet Kartagiński"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-20","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["higher education","transformation process","revolution","culture of learning"],"en":["higher education","transformation process","revolution","culture of learning"],"pl":["higher education","transformation process","revolution","culture of learning"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Since December 2010, when protests first started in Tunisia, there have been many changes and reforms in the broader Arab world. Following the revolution, the future of higher education in Tunisia has been under debate in the media. Because Tunisia is in the process of social transformation, we should consider its higher education. The Tunisian education system was adopted from the traditional French model, where technical and vocational skills are prioritized over creative and analytical thinking. Since the Tunisian revolution, are the educational values still a priority or is the university academic system in the process of changing? Can we create a new culture of learning as a result of political changes? Have problems in higher education been identified and what should reform priorities be?","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/20_khoffi.pdf","title":"Tunesische Germanistikstudierende zwischen revolutionären und akademischen Bildungsvorstellungen","title_en":"German language students in Tunisia caught between revolutionary and academic education ideas: An empirical study","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Houda Khoffi 97"},{"id":"b765fb4c-3730-50d4-9c64-cf44962e9291","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/21_bitter/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ákos","lastName":"Bitter","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Regensburg","en":"University of Regensburg","pl":"Uniwersytet w Ratyzbonie"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-21","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["German borrowings","comparative linguistics","teaching German as a foreign language","Central and Eastern Europe","language learning motivation"],"en":["German borrowings","comparative linguistics","teaching German as a foreign language","Central and Eastern Europe","language learning motivation"],"pl":["German borrowings","comparative linguistics","teaching German as a foreign language","Central and Eastern Europe","language learning motivation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Various kinds of borrowings from German have been incorporated into the vernaculars and standard languages of Central and Eastern Europe. However, teaching German as a foreign language has barely used this potential bridge for the learners. This article shows the possibilities of increasing the motivation of the learners of German by using this bridge, which could also be of help to L1-speakers of Central and Eastern European languages in their communication with one another.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/21_bitter.pdf","title":"Eine komparative Beschäftigung mit deutschen Elementen in Sprachen des östlichen Europa als gemeinsames Potenzial für hiesige Deutschdidaktiken","title_en":"A comparative analysis of German borrowings in the languages of Central and Eastern Europe","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ákos Bitter 98"},{"id":"857a42b7-2dcd-59fd-9627-c149a60f5706","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/13_kluczna/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paulina","lastName":"Kluczna","orcid":"0000-0003-2778-3917","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-13","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["Lem","neologism","reception","translation techniques","translation","creativity"],"en":["Lem","neologism","reception","translation techniques","translation","creativity"],"pl":["Lem","neologism","reception","translation techniques","translation","creativity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Stanisław Lem’s works constitute a considerable challenge not only for the readers, but also for a translator who has to take the author’s unique style into consideration while translating the text. This so-called Lem’s style consists above all of neologisms, which can be rendered into another language only thanks to translator’s creativity and feel for language. The analysis of specific examples taken from “Dzienniki gwiazdowe” and of techniques used in translation leads to the conclusion that the translator did indeed translate the text, but he did not render the style and character of the original work.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/13_kluczna.pdf","title":"Probleme der Übersetzer am Beispiel der Neologismen aus „Dzienniki gwiazdowe“ von Stanisław Lem und ihrer Übersetzung ins Deutsche","title_en":"Translator’s problems on the example of neologisms from Stanisław Lem’s “Dzienniki gwiazdowe” and their translations into German","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paulina Kluczna 99"},{"id":"668b3772-66fa-51cc-8a7c-7721ced37199","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/22_fukova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Petra","lastName":"Fuková","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Masaryk-Universität","en":"Masaryk University","pl":"Uniwersytet Masaryka"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-22","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["motivation to learn foreign languages","motivating to learn foreign languages","multilingualism"],"en":["motivation to learn foreign languages","motivating to learn foreign languages","multilingualism"],"pl":["motivation to learn foreign languages","motivating to learn foreign languages","multilingualism"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This contribution briefly explains the situation of foreign language learning in the Czech Republic which inspired the creation of a project for a dissertation. The project is devoted to the motivational strategies a teacher can use in teaching German as L3 in order to motivate his students to learn German after English. This contribution describes the theoretical foundation of the project and the methodology of the intended research.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/22_fukova.pdf","title":"Motivierung zum Deutschlernen als L3 nach Englisch: Theoretische Grundlagen und Umriss der Forschungsmethodologie","title_en":"Motivating to learn German as L3 after English: Theoretical basis and outline of research methodology","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Petra Fuková 100"},{"id":"92429ead-29d5-5c5d-baf3-a0058250cb98","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/23_bialek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Białek","orcid":"0000-0001-6840-5352","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-23","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["intercultural education","foreign language teaching","preschool","early elementary education"],"en":["intercultural education","foreign language teaching","preschool","early elementary education"],"pl":["intercultural education","foreign language teaching","preschool","early elementary education"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article presents the results of a study of foreign language teaching and intercultural education in Polish preschools as well as the first years of elementary school. The study is only a small part of a larger-scale empirical research focusing on the condition of the German language in the Visegrad Group countries. In the article, the extensive theoretical part has been replaced with a presentation of the results of a survey carried out among a group of 150 parents of preschool children, 150 pupils of early elementary school, and 7 teachers at these educational levels.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/23_bialek.pdf","title":"Status Quo des Deutschen als Fremdsprache und der sprachlich-interkulturellen Bildung im Kindergarten und in der Primarstufe in Polen","title_en":"The status quo of German as a foreign language and intercultural teaching in Polish preschool and early elementary education","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Białek 101"},{"id":"4ce1cd55-1b2a-5881-800a-9e217c173c6c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/15_komorowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Komorowska","orcid":"0000-0002-9395-2734","affiliation":{"de":"SWPS Universität","en":"SWPS University","pl":"Uniwersytet SWPS"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-15","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["language education policy","European institutions","languages","cultures","education","school language teaching","school projects"],"en":["language education policy","European institutions","languages","cultures","education","school language teaching","school projects"],"pl":["language education policy","European institutions","languages","cultures","education","school language teaching","school projects"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The chapter outlines trends in language education policies of the Council of Europe, the European Union and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Special attention is given to the promotion of individual and societal multilingualism, protection of less widely used languages, care for national / ethnic languages, broadening the spectrum of languages taught in school systems as well as contributing to the education for tolerance. Against this background examples of outstanding Polish school projects completed within the frames of eTwinning and the European Language Label are presented and issues involved in designing whole school language education programs are discussed.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/15_komorowska.pdf","title":"Nauczanie języków i kultur w polskiej szkole a europejska polityka językowa","title_en":"Teaching languages and cultures in Polish schools. Responding to the European language policy","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hanna Komorowska 102"},{"id":"8f60d89b-5eed-5dc1-a275-05226d542b27","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/24_radzik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Radzik","orcid":"0000-0001-6360-3042","affiliation":{"de":"Jagiellonen-Universität","en":"Jagiellonian University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jagielloński"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-24","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["pluricentric languages","phonetics of German"],"en":["pluricentric languages","phonetics of German"],"pl":["pluricentric languages","phonetics of German"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper deals with the consideration of pluricentric perspective in phonetics teaching in German studies. A systematic knowledge of the standard varieties of German, and partly the regional and dialectal features of pronunciation and prosody, contributes to intercultural awareness and understanding of the varieties of German.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/24_radzik.pdf","title":"Plurizentrische Perspektive im Phonetikunterricht des Deutschen","title_en":"Pluricentric perspective in German phonetics teaching","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Radzik 103"},{"id":"5658080b-caa7-5328-bee2-b4b9d12507ae","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/27_kluczna/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paulina","lastName":"Kluczna","orcid":"0000-0003-2778-3917","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}},{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-27","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/27_kluczna.pdf","title":"Ogólnopolska konferencja naukowa Medius Currens V «Tłumacz w kulturze. Kultura tłumaczenia», Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, 8–9 kwietnia 2016 roku","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paulina Kluczna 104 Kwiryna Proczkowska 105"},{"id":"e2e63b24-19a0-5755-8c33-837f11d8d4c9","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/25_czarnecka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Czarnecka","orcid":"0000-0003-2051-5901","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-25","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":["teaching techniques","German language acquisition","learning activities","social forms"],"en":["teaching techniques","German language acquisition","learning activities","social forms"],"pl":["teaching techniques","German language acquisition","learning activities","social forms"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper aims to answer the following question: Has the contemporary German language acquisition in Polish schools really abandoned the traditional approach to modern foreign languages? The author has analysed the teaching and learning activities, the social forms and the media applied in three grades in Polish schools and makes an attempt to put the experiences gathered by those who learn foreign languages in Polish schools into a broader context.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/25_czarnecka.pdf","title":"Unterrichtstechniken im DaF-Unterricht an heutigen polnischen Schulen am Beispiel der ausgewählten Ausbildungsstätten in der zweiten Schulbildungsphase (4.-6. Klasse der Grundschule)","title_en":"Teaching techniques in foreign language acquisition in contemporary Polish schools based on the example of selected primary schools (grades 4–6)","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Czarnecka 106"},{"id":"f22ddae1-de68-5617-b259-c627691b0cf6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/01_goepferich/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Susanne","lastName":"Göpferich","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen","en":"Justus Liebig University Giessen","pl":"Uniwersytet Justusa Liebiga w Gießen"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-1","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["multiliteracy","L2 writing","translation","epistemic function","language proficiency","translation competence"],"en":["multiliteracy","L2 writing","translation","epistemic function","language proficiency","translation competence"],"pl":["multiliteracy","L2 writing","translation","epistemic function","language proficiency","translation competence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Academic multiliteracy, i.e., the ability to read, write and learn from academic texts in more than one language, including English as the lingua franca of international scientific communication, is a challenging requirement for both students and scholars in an increasing number of disciplines. Although the L1 undeniably plays a role in L2 reception, learning and composing processes, resorting to one’s L1 for these purposes has been seen as rather negative in most foreign language instruction paradigms. Empirical investigations of L1 use in L2 writing processes have revealed, however, that resorting to the L1, including translating from the L1, is a process that occurs naturally in L2 writing and does not necessarily have only negative effects on L2 text quality but may also lead to positive transfer and support the epistemic function of writing. This article provides an overview of empirical research into the use of the L1 in L2 composing processes differentiating between the functions for which the L1 is used in L2 composition and taking into account writer-related variables such as composing competence, L1 and L2 language proficiencies, translation competence and the language(s) in which material that the writer uses is composed. From the findings obtained, pedagogical implications will be derived for L2 writing and translation instruction.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/01_goepferich.pdf","title":"Herausforderungen für die Entwicklung akademischer Multiliteralität: Die Rolle der Muttersprache beim Schreiben in der Fremdsprache","title_en":"Challenges for the development of academic multiliteracy: The role of the L1 in L2 writing","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Susanne Göpferich 107"},{"id":"19246b5d-d633-5159-9279-861048609a06","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/07/26_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität in Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"7-26","editors":null,"issue":7,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/07/26_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Holger Siever (2015): Übersetzungswissenschaft. Eine Einführung. Tübingen: Narr. 238 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2016},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 108"},{"id":"65e32933-c9bb-540b-89ff-e1bc2ecdb58a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/03_schreiber/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Schreiber","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Mainz (Germersheim)","en":"University of Mainz (Germersheim)","pl":"Uniwersytet Jana Gutenberga w Moguncji (Germersheim)"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-3","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["political speeches","translation didactics","language for special purposes (LSP)","rhetorical questions","history of translation"],"en":["political speeches","translation didactics","language for special purposes (LSP)","rhetorical questions","history of translation"],"pl":["political speeches","translation didactics","language for special purposes (LSP)","rhetorical questions","history of translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This contribution outlines some possible uses of political speeches in the context of the education of translators. Three case studies are discussed: 1. The translation of political speeches can be used as an introduction to the translation of LSP texts, as speeches reveal features of general language and LSP. 2. Multilingual translation corpora, for example, the speeches of the European Parliament, can be used to illustrate specific translation problems of argumentative texts. 3. Historical examples, for example, translations of speeches given during the French Revolution, can show how political rhetoric was spread within Europe via translations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/03_schreiber.pdf","title":"Das translationsdidaktische Potenzial politischer Reden","title_en":"The usefulness of political speeches for the teaching of translation","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michael Schreiber 109"},{"id":"2ba167ca-efa5-5bcc-863c-2280d0a3f233","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/04_zmudzki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jerzy","lastName":"Żmudzki","orcid":"0000-0003-3617-5569","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-4","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["sight translation","translation task","system of translation rules and relations","transfer procedures: simulation","description","explication","synthesis","transmediality"],"en":["sight translation","translation task","system of translation rules and relations","transfer procedures: simulation","description","explication","synthesis","transmediality"],"pl":["sight translation","translation task","system of translation rules and relations","transfer procedures: simulation","description","explication","synthesis","transmediality"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The following paper presents translation in general as a special sort of communication in which communication is not only the aim of translation but also its main motivation. Moreover, communication is regarded as the decisive factor for the typological anchoring of sight translation and the main argument for classifying it as a type of interpretation, i.e. as a special kind of oral communication. Such categorisation of sight translation places it in opposition to the existing definitions by O. Kade, Chr. Parkin, S. Reinart and others. In this sense, the analysis, interpretation and the cognitive reconstruction of the original text are always performed by the interpreter for the purpose of the secondary and autonomous communication, and for a secondary and equally autonomous addressee. The primary addressee of the original text is in every case a different, autonomous actant of the communication who respects their own language, culture, communication, reality and anthropological uniqueness. The autonomy of the secondary communication, its oral realisation based on equally oral target text speaks univocally for the typological identification of sight translation as a type of interpretation. The argument used by other researchers that the original text is in every case a written text, does not necessarily lead to the conclusion that “sight translation” must be classified as a written translation. In this paper, all arguments used for the typological identity of sight translation as a type of interpretation are directly derived from the paradigm characterizing anthropologically centred translation studies which is an autonomous discipline of science in Poland.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/04_zmudzki.pdf","title":"Stegreifübersetzen resp. Blattdolmetschen – Versuch einer typologischen Zuordnung","title_en":"Stegreifübersetzen or Blattdolmetschen (sight translation or interpretation): An attempt to typologically anchor this special type of translation","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jerzy Żmudzki 110"},{"id":"72bd4fc7-142a-58c4-8ccd-b9f7f4361598","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/05_hoeppnerova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Věra","lastName":"Höppnerová","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Wirtschaftsuniversität Praha","en":"University of Economics in Prague","pl":"Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Pradze"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-5","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["compound adjectives","structural groups","semantic relationships","Czech equivalents"],"en":["compound adjectives","structural groups","semantic relationships","Czech equivalents"],"pl":["compound adjectives","structural groups","semantic relationships","Czech equivalents"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In German, compounding is a very productive type of word formation used for creating names of product properties. Circa 500 compound adjectives are divided into five structural groups. The frequency of both components of compound adjectives is examined, and their semantic relationships are characterized. The individual structural types are assigned equivalents in Czech, in which compound adjectives are relatively rare. The most frequent counterparts are phrases whose core – an adjective – is determined by an adverb, a noun or a prepositional phrase in apposition","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/05_hoeppnerova.pdf","title":"Von alkoholfrei bis zartbitter. Kontrastive Betrachtungen zu einem häufigen Wortbildungstyp","title_en":"From alcohol-free to bittersweet: A contrastive analysis of a common type of word formation","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Věra Höppnerová 111"},{"id":"a29d823e-5b60-56e6-bdfa-e91755b07744","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/06_zielinski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lech","lastName":"Zieliński","orcid":"0000-0003-1265-8873","affiliation":{"de":"Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Universität Toruń","en":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń","pl":"Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-6","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["intercultural competence","critical incident analysis","misunderstandings in intercultural communication","translator’s and interpreter’s competence"],"en":["intercultural competence","critical incident analysis","misunderstandings in intercultural communication","translator’s and interpreter’s competence"],"pl":["intercultural competence","critical incident analysis","misunderstandings in intercultural communication","translator’s and interpreter’s competence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of the paper is to discuss whether and to what extent intercultural competence can be used by the translator or interpreter to prevent misunderstandings in the communication process. First, the author examines the term “intercultural competence”, focusing on the model developed by Jürgen Bolten. Then, he gives a short description of the critical incident analysis, a method selected for this study. Finally, he presents two case studies and shows what the translator/ interpreter can do to eliminate the problems. The conclusion is that the model of intercultural competence by Jürgen Bolten, which was originally designed for intercultural communication, can also be applied in its entirety to translators and interpreters and that the importance of intercultural competence in interpreting and translation depends on whether the interpreting or translation process is anchored in a broader communication context or not.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/06_zielinski.pdf","title":"Einige Anmerkungen zur interkulturellen Kompetenz und deren Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Dolmetsch- und Übersetzungspraxis","title_en":"Intercultural competence and its applications in interpreting and translation practice","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lech Zieliński 112"},{"id":"773c275a-6ea5-5e65-ab9d-124d752e85ad","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/07_ludwin/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Stefan","lastName":"Ludwin","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Karkonoska Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa Jelenia Góra","en":"The Karkonosze State University of Applied Sciences","pl":"Karkonoska Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa Jelenia Góra"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-7","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["translation","verbal denominative derivatives","Polish language jokers","euphemisms"],"en":["translation","verbal denominative derivatives","Polish language jokers","euphemisms"],"pl":["translation","verbal denominative derivatives","Polish language jokers","euphemisms"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present article focuses on the so called “language jokers”, i.e. Polish verbs that are used universally, often as euphemisms, and that can substitute other verbs. They mostly belong to colloquial language, partly slang, and they are characterised by considerable expressive power. These verbs, preceded by prefixes, create more and more complex and potentially open sequences. The article presents such verbs, together with their counterparts. Moreover, the attempt has been made to answer the question what gets lost or distorted in their translation. The article also discusses if the phenomenon of language jokers is equally common in other languages.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/07_ludwin.pdf","title":"Polnische sprachliche Joker und ihre Wiedergabe im Deutschen","title_en":"Polish language jokers and their German counterparts","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Stefan Ludwin 113"},{"id":"039d7001-2673-5ff8-8c9f-3c905c7fe6a6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/08_stopyra/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Janusz","lastName":"Stopyra","orcid":"0000-0003-0164-0328","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-8","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["the Scandinavian languages","interference","parallel corpora","false friends"],"en":["the Scandinavian languages","interference","parallel corpora","false friends"],"pl":["the Scandinavian languages","interference","parallel corpora","false friends"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper points out the parallelism of Danish-Norwegian lexis as found in several dictionaries. The author’s aim was to ascertain the most spectacular Danish-Norwegian differences and to provide the number and per cent of them. The research shows that due to the interference, one should not learn two Scandinavian languages in parallel, at the same time, but only one of them. This way should help students to communicate in all Central Scandinavian countries.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/08_stopyra.pdf","title":"Versuch einer Messung der dänisch-norwegischen lexikalischen Parallelität","title_en":"An attempt to measure the parallelism between Danish and Norwegian lexemes","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Janusz Stopyra 114"},{"id":"c46bd385-69f0-5951-b5d3-e5ba41908877","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/02_grucza/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Sambor","lastName":"Grucza","orcid":"0000–0001–7801–8444","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-2","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["anthropocentric translation studies","translation","eye tracking","parameters"],"en":["anthropocentric translation studies","translation","eye tracking","parameters"],"pl":["anthropocentric translation studies","translation","eye tracking","parameters"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Whoever has expected or is still expecting a big bang from translationally-oriented eye tracking research will be disappointed. Those, however, who treat results from reliable scientific experiments as a scientific “puzzle” will undoubtedly notice a certain recognisable schema that emerges from arranged elements. Unfortunately, some results of eye tracking experiments published recently are of highly speculative character. At the bottom of this status quo there often is an “unclear” eye tracking research methodology. In this article, we present our conclusions from methodological reflection drawn on our several years’ eye tracking experience","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/02_grucza.pdf","title":"Eyetracking Translatorik – Ein Erfahrungsbericht","title_en":"Eye tracking translation studies: Experience-based report","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Sambor Grucza 115"},{"id":"e33cac03-5451-53c2-a9dd-d88006aa2492","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/09_danilets/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Daniil","lastName":"Danilets","orcid":"0000-0002-6334-1764","affiliation":{"de":"Internationale Universität für Geisteswissenschaften Odessa","en":"International Humanitarian University Odessa","pl":"Międzynarodowy Uniwersytet Humanistyczny w Odessie"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-9","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["medical terminology","translation difficulties","derivation","comparative linguistics","equivalent terms"],"en":["medical terminology","translation difficulties","derivation","comparative linguistics","equivalent terms"],"pl":["medical terminology","translation difficulties","derivation","comparative linguistics","equivalent terms"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Since aesthetic plastic surgery has heterogeneous, inconsistent terminology, this area needs a great deal of attention and a deep analysis. This article is about equivalent terms (equivalence of terms) and a comparative analysis of them (on the example of German and Polish). Characteristic of this area are foreign influences, a large number of neologisms and a partial lack of peculiar (national) equivalent lexemes or morphemes.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/09_danilets.pdf","title":"Bemerkungen zu sprachvergleichenden Aspekten der beidseitigen Übersetzung (Deutsch – Polnisch) im Kontext der ästhetisch-plastischen Chirurgie","title_en":"Comments on cross-linguistic aspects (German – Polish) of bilateral translation in the context of aesthetic plastic surgery","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Daniil Danilets 116"},{"id":"186b010b-614e-5dd1-9cf2-709f3c291af6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/10_ksiezyk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Felicja","lastName":"Księżyk","orcid":"0000-0002-6913-0108","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Opole","en":"University of Opole","pl":"Uniwersytet Opolski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-10","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["legal language","civil law","legal translation","usual word combinations"],"en":["legal language","civil law","legal translation","usual word combinations"],"pl":["legal language","civil law","legal translation","usual word combinations"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article focuses on the German Civil Code and its translations into Polish. After it came into force in 1900, the Civil Code was also binding in the western parts of contemporary Poland until it was repealed by a unified Polish Civil Code after the Second World War. Selected usual word combinations in the German civil law have been analysed, in order to check whether their Polish counterparts are still usual in the Polish legal language. Therefore the article deals with a question which according to Lombardi’s opinion (2007: 119) is a desideratum research.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/10_ksiezyk.pdf","title":"Deutschlands Recht außerhalb Deutschlands. Ausgewählte usuelle Wortverbindungen im BGB und deren Wiedergabe in polnischen Übersetzungen","title_en":"The German law outside Germany. Usual word combinations in the German Civil Code and their Polish translations","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Felicja Księżyk 117"},{"id":"0e10dd38-43b5-5824-a9de-0b4cb6185bd4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/11_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-11","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["translation error","classification of translation errors","consequences of translation errors"],"en":["translation error","classification of translation errors","consequences of translation errors"],"pl":["translation error","classification of translation errors","consequences of translation errors"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The internationalization of many aspects of life makes the interlingual and intercultural communication become increasingly important. That is why it seems sensible to make translation students trained by professional translators aware of possible consequences of translation errors in practice. Translation errors – especially in the fields of law, medicine and technology – can have serious consequences. Therefore, the present paper addresses the question of practical consequences of incorrect translations, also for the translators themselves, on the basis of a selected classification of translation errors.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/11_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Übersetzungsfehler und ihre Folgen in der Praxis","title_en":"Translation errors and their consequences in practice","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 118"},{"id":"02e2c311-9897-5131-b7d0-7ed8d00b7fad","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/13_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–1741–8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-13","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["translation","parallel texts","legal texts","product-oriented translation","process-oriented translation"],"en":["translation","parallel texts","legal texts","product-oriented translation","process-oriented translation"],"pl":["translation","parallel texts","legal texts","product-oriented translation","process-oriented translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present paper reports on an experiment carried out in order to test the effectiveness of product and process-oriented translation. The experiment was based on a translation of a short legal text from German into Polish by the students of translation studies during their “Introduction to German law” seminar","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/13_iluk.pdf","title":"Ein prozessorientiertes Konzept für das Übersetzen von Rechtsnormen und dessen empirisch verifizierte Effizienz","title_en":"Process-oriented translation of legal norms and its effectiveness","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Iluk 119"},{"id":"82409db1-fe85-5806-9a76-97b7732b97b7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/15_grygiel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcin","lastName":"Grygiel","orcid":"0000-0002-8084-8137","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-15","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["localisation","translation","transcreation","cultural differences"],"en":["localisation","translation","transcreation","cultural differences"],"pl":["localisation","translation","transcreation","cultural differences"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Localisation is a concept used mostly in marketing to denote a process of adapting a new product to a specific country or region. The practice of localisation is very closely related to the phenomenon of internationalisation, globalisation and economies of scale. Analogically to the idea of achieving equivalence in translation, a product that has been localised properly is claimed to have the look and feel of a product originally designed and created for that target market. The present study is based on a contrastive analysis of linguistically and regionally localised Kaspersky’s Lab websites with particular attention paid to the descriptions of its products. Its aim is to trace major differences between localisation and translation techniques.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/15_grygiel.pdf","title":"Localisation as a new type of translation: A case study","title_en":"Localisation as a new type of translation: A case study","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcin Grygiel 120"},{"id":"65b0d299-497f-54ee-bba9-f5e84795fc22","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/14_szubert/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Rafał","lastName":"Szubert","orcid":"0000-0003-1367-1770","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-14","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["court interpreting","language of the law","terminologization","terminology"],"en":["court interpreting","language of the law","terminologization","terminology"],"pl":["court interpreting","language of the law","terminologization","terminology"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In this article, I report the commencement of a study project whose topic is court interpretation as a part of the translation/interpreting specialization programme at the Department of German Studies, University of Wrocław. The project arose as a result of observations of the situation in Polish translation/interpreting studies at universities. It is also the result of my theoretical studies and my teaching experience. The idea is that it will be a reply to the requests of Polish researchers who theoretically and practically deal with the problems of translation studies and the teaching of translation. As the author of this study project, I declare that regular reports will be provided on the progress of the project.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/14_szubert.pdf","title":"Gerichtsdolmetschen. Zu den praktischen Bedürfnissen des Alltags. Ein Studienprojekt","title_en":"Court interpreting. About the practical needs of everyday life: A study project","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Rafał Szubert 121"},{"id":"ed60cf24-2973-5293-b897-c0f42488f72e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/16_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-16","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["translation techniques","translatability","cultural reference"],"en":["translation techniques","translatability","cultural reference"],"pl":["translation techniques","translatability","cultural reference"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The author describes in the article some problems of translating cultural references into German. The translation units are analysed on two levels of analysis – on the referential and connotative level. The first describes the reference of translations units to the non-linguistic reality; the latter describes implied contents which are expressed by the translation units.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/16_lesner.pdf","title":"Lost in translation – Zu einigen Schwierigkeiten bei der Übersetzung der Computerspiel-Trilogie „Wiedźmin“ ins Deutsche","title_en":"Lost in translation: Translation problems by the translation of computer games trilogy “Wiedźmin” into German","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 122"},{"id":"d0dce7d8-b405-516e-b222-74acabafd978","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/18_eberharter-aksu/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Margit","lastName":"Eberharter-Aksu","orcid":"0000-0001-7093-0500","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Gdańsk","en":"University of Gdańsk","pl":"Uniwersytet Gdański"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-18","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["children’s literature","Grimm’s fairy tales","translation","Skopos theory","faithful translation"],"en":["children’s literature","Grimm’s fairy tales","translation","Skopos theory","faithful translation"],"pl":["children’s literature","Grimm’s fairy tales","translation","Skopos theory","faithful translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translations for children are usually strongly influenced by pedagogic intentions. Skopos theory and the translator’s individual image of a child are strong legitimating factors for this aim. They give way to free adaptions, while diminishing the author’s rights. In general, the status and image of the original text play an important role in choosing loyal translation. The higher the author’s reputation or that of his or her book is, the more faithful a translation is expected to be. Examining Polish translations of the Grimm’s Fairy Tales, it becomes evident that, until recently, the fairy tales were mostly treated as plain motives for adaption, whereas the original versions were seen as being grim and too brutal for children to read. After being recognised as cultural heritage in 2006, the Grimm’s Fairy Tales started being taken more and more serious in regard to their cultural and psychological impact. This is a fact that also leads to more faithful translations. In Poland, Eliza Pieciul-Karmińska can be seen as a pioneer in this matter. Her translation of Grimm’s Fairy Tales, which was published in 2010, aims to respect their typical stylistic features and takes important guidelines into account. These guidelines are provided by Bruno Bettelheim’s psychoanalytical approach to the use of enchantment in fairy tales.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/18_eberharter-aksu.pdf","title":"Kinderliteratur und Übersetzung am Beispiel der grimmschen Märchen in Polen","title_en":"Children’s literature and translation on the example of the Grimm’s Fairy Tales in Poland","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Margit Eberharter-Aksu 123"},{"id":"2756f8bc-689d-5199-b759-b99bf4df4972","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/12_silhanova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Renata","lastName":"Šilhánová","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Tomáš-Baťa-Universität in Zlín","en":"Tomas Bata University in Zlín","pl":"Uniwersytet Tomáša Baty w Zlínie"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-12","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["legal language","legal action","professional language","general language","language of law","text type"],"en":["legal language","legal action","professional language","general language","language of law","text type"],"pl":["legal language","legal action","professional language","general language","language of law","text type"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article gives a brief overview of the basic characteristics of German legal language on the example of legal action as a text type featuring both professional and general language. Regarding the language of law, the article discusses its position in the vertical classification of professional languages and the position of legal action in terms of text types. The conclusion lists examples of lexical and grammatical specifics of the text type of legal action.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/12_silhanova.pdf","title":"Spezifika und sprachliche Merkmale der deutschen Rechtssprache am Beispiel der Klage","title_en":"The main characteristics of German legal language on the example of legal action","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Renata Šilhánová 124"},{"id":"60f7dffd-5a8e-54ad-860c-be5266a1fd93","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/17_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław ","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-17","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["audio-visual translation","catchphrases","sitcoms"],"en":["audio-visual translation","catchphrases","sitcoms"],"pl":["audio-visual translation","catchphrases","sitcoms"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper takes as its subject the catchphrase “suit up” in “How I Met Your Mother” and its translations into German (dubbing) and into Polish (voice over). The objective of the analysis is to see whether this verbal phrase has a recurring character also in the translations and whether the translators succeeded in rendering in their versions many variations of this catchphrase","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/17_proczkowska.pdf","title":"Übersetzung von stehenden Redensarten in Sitcoms am Beispiel von „How I Met Your Mother“","title_en":"Translation of catchphrases in sitcoms on the example of “How I Met Your Mother”","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 125"},{"id":"c5fbf6e7-054c-56d9-b12e-aaf639991910","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/19_sulikowska-fajfer/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Sulikowska-Fajfer","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Aleksander-Brückner-Zentrum für Polenstudien Halle","en":"Aleksander Brückner Center for Polish Studies in Halle","pl":"Centrum Studiów Polonoznawczych im. Aleksandra Brücknera w Halle"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-19","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["translation","taboo in the literature","Dorota Masłowska","Lacuna-model","Polish literature"],"en":["translation","taboo in the literature","Dorota Masłowska","Lacuna-model","Polish literature"],"pl":["translation","taboo in the literature","Dorota Masłowska","Lacuna-model","Polish literature"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper aims at describing the process of translation of taboo issues in the novel by Dorota Masłowska “Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną” on the example of its German version. This author and her work give rise to many controversies in Poland because of the peculiar specific narration and language. The model of Lacuna by Sorokin und Markovina was used to analyse taboos which Masłowska breaks. This model enables one to grasp the taboos in Polish original and to interpret them. Further, the paper shed some light on the strategies used by Olaf Kühl during the translation process. As a result, a complexity of taboo translations was shown.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/19_sulikowska-fajfer.pdf","title":"Dorota Masłowskas Roman „Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną“ in deutscher Übersetzung: Tabu(bruch) im Spiegel der Übersetzungswissenschaft","title_en":"Dorota Masłowska’s novel “Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną” in German: Taboo (breaking) in the perspective of translation","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Sulikowska-Fajfer 126"},{"id":"8b9b1977-61ed-5c83-946a-6def537d9b02","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/22_smulczynski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Smułczyński","orcid":"0000-0003-3699-4724","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-22","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["directional adverbs","Danish","Polish","motion verbs"],"en":["directional adverbs","Danish","Polish","motion verbs"],"pl":["directional adverbs","Danish","Polish","motion verbs"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In each language, there are specific instruments to express the direction of movement with. In Danish language, these instruments are the directional adverbs. On the one hand, they state the direction of the movement more precisely; on the other hand, they express the subjective relationship between the subject and the destination/place. The aim of the article is to describe the problems which can arise during the translation of directional adverbs into a foreign language, and to show how important these words are while learning Danish.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/22_smulczynski.pdf","title":"Dänische Richtungsadverbien – Problematik der Übersetzung und Bedeutung im Unterricht Dänisch als Fremdsprache","title_en":"Danish directional adverbs: Translation problems and their significance in course of Danish as a Foreign Language","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Smułczyński 127"},{"id":"ba11c67a-b934-5071-b7aa-a56862d1097c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/20_molderf/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Oksana","lastName":"Molderf","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw","en":"Ivan Franko National University of Lviv","pl":"Lwowski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Iwana Franki"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-20","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["Ivan Franko","Ukrainian translation studies","translation theory","translation practice","translation into German"],"en":["Ivan Franko","Ukrainian translation studies","translation theory","translation practice","translation into German"],"pl":["Ivan Franko","Ukrainian translation studies","translation theory","translation practice","translation into German"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article provides a brief overview of the work of Ivan Franko in the field of translation theory and practice. It addresses the question of reception of Franko as a translator and translation scholar in the German-speaking world, his theoretical views on the art of translation and his legacy of translation into German.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/20_molderf.pdf","title":"Frankos Beitrag zur translationswissenschaftlichen und translatorischen Tradition in der Ukraine","title_en":"Franko’s contribution to the tradition of translation studies and translation in Ukraine","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Oksana Molderf 128"},{"id":"deb11959-4a64-5e78-b596-b8d5d6ada063","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/21_dunowski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Eliška","lastName":"Dunowski","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Masaryk-Universität Brünn","en":"Masaryk University ","pl":"Uniwersytet Masaryka w Brnie"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-21","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["motivation","extrinsic motivation","intrinsic motivation","German language for academic purposes","interviews","content analysis"],"en":["motivation","extrinsic motivation","intrinsic motivation","German language for academic purposes","interviews","content analysis"],"pl":["motivation","extrinsic motivation","intrinsic motivation","German language for academic purposes","interviews","content analysis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents first results of a dissertation research project covering the motivation of Czech students to learn German as a foreign language. The article starts by shortly summarizing the traditional motivational L2-research. Then, the aforementioned research is being described, with an emphasis on the qualitative phase analysing the motivation of the students to learn German by dint of semi-structured interviews.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/21_dunowski.pdf","title":"Methodologische Fragen der L2-Motivationsforschung am Beispiel einer qualitativen Studie","title_en":"Methodological issues of the L2-motivation research on the example of a qualitative research","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Eliška Dunowski 129"},{"id":"f820ed64-36a3-5a06-8370-de222379b508","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/23_trzybulska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marta","lastName":"Trzybulska","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań","en":"Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","pl":"Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-23","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["intercultural competence","foreign language learning for occupational purposes","coursebooks analysis","social competencies"],"en":["intercultural competence","foreign language learning for occupational purposes","coursebooks analysis","social competencies"],"pl":["intercultural competence","foreign language learning for occupational purposes","coursebooks analysis","social competencies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of the analysis presented in this article was to check two selected coursebooks “Mit Beruf auf Deutsch” and “Deutsch für Profis” for intercultural contents and to find the answer to the question whether and how such contents conduce to the development of intercultural competence. Additionally, notions of foreign language for occupational purposes as well as criteria for the said analysis are discussed.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/23_trzybulska.pdf","title":"Interkulturelle Inhalte in ausgewählten berufsbezogenen DaF-Lehrwerken","title_en":"Intercultural contents in selected coursebooks for learning German as a foreign language for occupational purposes","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marta Trzybulska 130"},{"id":"58878399-1982-53eb-8199-9891b8f39325","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/24_mizera/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zuzanna","lastName":"Mizera","orcid":"0000-0002-5992-393X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-24","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":["community interpreting","strategies","didactic implications","lay interpreter","trained interpreter","interpreting"],"en":["community interpreting","strategies","didactic implications","lay interpreter","trained interpreter","interpreting"],"pl":["community interpreting","strategies","didactic implications","lay interpreter","trained interpreter","interpreting"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Looking at the European integration, border opening and ever-increasing migration, the demand for community interpreters is not surprising. This role is very often taken on by relatives or friends of the person who requires the services of an interpreter. However, these are not trained experts. This paper aims at providing an impetus for further research in this branch of translation studies. The objective is to compare work patterns of lay interpreters and trained interpreters. These patterns can be studied on the example of different strategies which are used by the interpreters in difficult situations during the interpreting process. Such an analysis can show whether trained interpreters react in such cases better, faster, or quieter, which strategies they use, and what role they play in the communication process. Next, the question will be asked if amateur interpreters always represent the interests of their clients and how they deal with unexpected twists of the situation. Finally, an attempt is made to draw some didactic conclusions on the training of community interpreters which could contribute to creating better developed training programmes.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/24_mizera.pdf","title":"Community Interpreting. Dolmetschstrategien und didaktische Implikationen","title_en":"Community interpreting: Strategies and didactic implications","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zuzanna Mizera 131"},{"id":"6f5e1472-47ec-510c-8114-de4ea29eedcf","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/25_kalasznik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcelina","lastName":"Kałasznik","orcid":"0000-0003-2713-5880","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-25","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/25_kalasznik.pdf","title":"Colliander, Peter / Hansen, Doris (Hg.) (2014): Vielfalt des Übersetzens. (=Translinguae: Studien zur Interlingualen Kommunikation). Frankfurt am Main. Peter Lang. 185 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcelina Kałasznik 132"},{"id":"6a09c880-fb3b-5a51-8c2f-c552b1fc436c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/26_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-26","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/26_proczkowska.pdf","title":"Jekat, Susanne J./ Jüngst, Heike Elisabeth/ Schubert, Klaus/ Villiger, Claudia (Hg.) (2014): Sprache barrierefrei gestalten: Perspektiven aus der Angewandten Linguistik (TransÜD. Arbeiten zur Theorie und Praxis des Übersetzens Band 69). Berlin Frank & Timme. 268 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 133"},{"id":"d53394d7-e909-51ef-affc-33212613f485","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/06/27_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität in Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"","id":"6-27","editors":null,"issue":6,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/06/27_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Ingrid Simonnæs (2015): Basiswissen deutsches Recht für Übersetzer. Mit Übersetzungsübungen und Verständnisfragen. Berlin: Frank & Timme. 195 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2015},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 134"},{"id":"20a5f1c7-6b0c-539f-90e9-192aeb536a80","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/03_pluzyczka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Monika","lastName":"Płużyczka","orcid":"0000–0003–2013–8261","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-17T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translation models","mental processes","eye tracking","verification","advantages","pitfalls"],"en":["translation models","mental processes","eye tracking","verification","advantages","pitfalls"],"pl":["translation models","mental processes","eye tracking","verification","advantages","pitfalls"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the article, the author shows how the research technology can increase our understanding of what is going on in the translator’s mind. She points out some of the advantages that the eye tracking method has in verifying the previous assumptions related to mental models of translation activity. On the basis of the author’s eye tracking research conducted in the recent years, she demonstrates the most interesting results related to mental processes involved in translation, but also shows the selected methodological pitfalls of eye tracking, and relatedly defines methodological challenges in this range of translation-oriented research for the nearest future.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/03_pluzyczka.pdf","title":"Weryfikując modele mentalne tłumaczenia: atuty i pułapki okulografii","title_en":"Verifying the mental models of translation: Advantages and pitfalls of the eye tracking method","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Monika Płużyczka 135"},{"id":"60022bf3-59a7-56a8-8b27-3423365aabb6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/01_zmudzki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jerzy","lastName":"Żmudzki","orcid":"0000-0003-3617-5569","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2018-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["ontological and semiotic transcendence","transcending","translational transcendences","model of translation","mental and conceptual reality","semiotic","materially existing reality"],"en":["ontological and semiotic transcendence","transcending","translational transcendences","model of translation","mental and conceptual reality","semiotic","materially existing reality"],"pl":["ontological and semiotic transcendence","transcending","translational transcendences","model of translation","mental and conceptual reality","semiotic","materially existing reality"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of this paper is to present and confirm a given ontological truth which underlies every translation process being an act of communication. In other words, this paper aims at characterizing ontological specifics of translation process in its multi-dimensional diversity. Interpretative analysis of this issue is rooted in anthropocentric translation studies developed by F. Grucza. Moreover, it is based on its main paradigm and included in the tasks of pure translation studies which are to describe and characterize the model of translation relationship. Transcendence (Lat. transcendere) means to go beyond or to surpass the limits. Thus, strictly in reference to translation perceived as communication, it is the process of going beyond ontological limits which is characteristic to every linguistic communication. This process results in establishing a two-dimensional semiotic configuration in which a mental and conceptual construct (recognized by the subject who is communicatively active) remains in semiotic transcendence with the text being a materially existing signal and manifested by tangible signs.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/01_zmudzki.pdf","title":"Transcendencje w translacji i transcendowanie translacyjne","title_en":"Transcendences in translation and translational transcending","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jerzy Żmudzki 136"},{"id":"155ac063-3aec-52b8-910b-666de408760f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/04_vlachopoulos/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Stefanos","lastName":"Vlachopoulos","orcid":"0000–0003–3567–120","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Ioannina","en":"University of Ioannina","pl":"Uniwersytet w Janinie"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["public service translation","machine translation","expert communicator","specialized translation"],"en":["public service translation","machine translation","expert communicator","specialized translation"],"pl":["public service translation","machine translation","expert communicator","specialized translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"People from war-torn countries and countries suffering economic hardships are on the move in search of a better life or of a refuge. The host countries are challenged: To ensure equal access to public services, civil and political participation of migrants and refugees means to tear down the language barrier. Only translating and interpreting can offer a realistic, time-sensitive solution to this challenge and give “speechless” communities a voice. It is the objective of the article to investigate the expectations we can have from technology in public service translation compared to the performance of professional communicators; The issue of what a machine can(not) do and to fathom, when a professional translator has to intervene, needs a bottom-up approach and will be discussed against the backdrop of public service translation as domain-specific intercultural communication.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/04_vlachopoulos.pdf","title":"Giving “speechless” communities a voice: or machine translation versus professional communicator in public service translation","title_en":"Giving “speechless” communities a voice: or machine translation versus professional communicator in public service","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Stefanos Vlachopoulos 137"},{"id":"3db296ea-2b3f-5aaf-ad28-a89bf54cdee7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/06_lux/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Isabelle","lastName":"Lux","orcid":"0000–0002–2292–8200","affiliation":{"de":"Technische Hochschule Köln","en":"Technical University of Cologne","pl":"Uniwersytet Techniczny w Kolonii"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["textual meaning","textual understanding","hermeneutics","behaviourism","translation-oriented text analysis"],"en":["textual meaning","textual understanding","hermeneutics","behaviourism","translation-oriented text analysis"],"pl":["textual meaning","textual understanding","hermeneutics","behaviourism","translation-oriented text analysis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article outlines the two (only seemingly competing) theoretical approaches operative so far in translation theory to explain text comprehension processes. First, it gives a short description of the hermeneutic approach and the analytic approach. Then, it explains how both approaches can be linked together on the base of the translation-oriented text analysis scheme from Nord. The article ends with an overview of the benefits from this linkage for translation didactics and practice, including CAT-tools and MT.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/06_lux.pdf","title":"Approximation strategies for explaining text comprehension processes in translation theory","title_en":"Approximation strategies for explaining text comprehension processes in translation theory","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Isabelle Lux 138"},{"id":"e5a2a3a1-94b6-50b6-b86b-959b2d88a5aa","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/05_zmudzki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jerzy","lastName":"Żmudzki","orcid":"0000-0003-3617-5569","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-08-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["primary projection","global projection","final projection","equivalents","evaluation","relevance","types of translation decisions"],"en":["primary projection","global projection","final projection","equivalents","evaluation","relevance","types of translation decisions"],"pl":["primary projection","global projection","final projection","equivalents","evaluation","relevance","types of translation decisions"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The primary research interest in this text is the so-called transfer phase, transcoding or reprofiling the source text into the target text. In scientific terms, this is frequently referred to as language transfer from language A to language B or codeswitching from language A to language B. In the view of empirical research, projections concerning translation knowledge and skills should be identified and defined as mental and cognitive activity of a translator or an interpreter. Projections involve reference of constructs reconceptualised in the process of reception of the source text to given constituents of the translation task and at the same time to the target language and culture as well as the reference to thematised reality and other systems and categories which are being updated in a given process of translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/05_zmudzki.pdf","title":"Projektionsoperationen im Translationsprozess – eine Basischarakteristik","title_en":"The projections as operations in the process of translation","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jerzy Żmudzki 139"},{"id":"e9bea8b8-6e51-52bf-84dd-eea51d636ecc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/08_bartoszewicz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Iwona","lastName":"Bartoszewicz","orcid":"0000–0003–1565–9548","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-05T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["Agatha Christie","Murder in Orient Express","screen adaptation","Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle","adaptation","observer","interpretation"],"en":["Agatha Christie","Murder in Orient Express","screen adaptation","Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle","adaptation","observer","interpretation"],"pl":["Agatha Christie","Murder in Orient Express","screen adaptation","Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle","adaptation","observer","interpretation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Agatha Christie (1890–1976), less known as lady Mallowan, an outstanding author, mainly of detective novels, published “Murder in Orient Express” in 1933/34. From the very beginning, the book was considered a masterpiece of this genre. The reason for that is not only brilliantly constructed plot with astonishing culminating point, but also the fact that the author of the book referred to an authentic event which evoked great emotions. The event that inspired this novel was kidnapping and murder of the little son of a known and admired American pioneer of intercontinental flights, Charles August Lindbergh, that happened in 1932. The novel was translated into almost all languages. There were also numerous stage adaptations. At least four films were based on this novel which indicates the cultural significance of the work. The subject of the considerations in the present paper is an attempt to search for the answer about the role of the so-called observer in the process of reconstruction, retransmission and assimilation of thematic threads, which can become the reference point not only for the author of the literary work. They may become an element of collective memory and, in this way, the element of culture constituting narration. However, as an object of general knowledge, they are at the same time subjected to common interpretation. The Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, referred to in its basic range in quantum mechanics, indicates the significant role of the subject observing in this process. Heisenberg proved that the presence of an observer is not neutral from the point of view of the quality of the results. Referring to these considerations on the text as a cultural object, let us analyse the ways in which the theme was modified and the significance of these changes. We consider Agatha Christie’s novel and especially its screen adaptations an interesting object of research. The observer, as it turns out, is beside the researcher also the author of the literary text, screenwriter, translator…","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/08_bartoszewicz.pdf","title":"Ekranizacje powieści Agathy Christie „Morderstwo w Orient Expressie”– obserwujesz i jesteś obserwowany","title_en":"Screen adaptations of Agatha Christie’s novel “Murder in Orient Express” – you observe and you are being observed","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Iwona Bartoszewicz 140"},{"id":"13d62067-4408-5140-aebc-5073fdb1ed5a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/07_sztuk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Alicja","lastName":"Sztuk","orcid":"0000–0001–5517–0304","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["term","terminology","terminology standardization","relativistic approach"],"en":["term","terminology","terminology standardization","relativistic approach"],"pl":["term","terminology","terminology standardization","relativistic approach"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The necessity to standardize terminology has recently become obvious. Positive aspects of applying standardized terms are emphasized not only by academic communities but also by business since it results in more effective communication and finally in life improvement in many aspects (e.g. free trade, free flow of goods and services). The main purpose of this paper is, however, not to highlight the advantages of terminology standardization per se but to answer the relevant scientific question related to it, namely, whether it is possible to estimate the standardization degree of a single term, and if so, what are the reference points of such an evaluation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/07_sztuk.pdf","title":"O konieczności relatywistycznego podejścia do oceny stopnia znormalizowania terminu","title_en":"On the necessity of evaluating the degree of the term standardization in accordance with the relativistic approach","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Alicja Sztuk 141"},{"id":"f5d88c8f-32b5-5038-a4db-3d653d500073","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/02_grucza/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Sambor","lastName":"Grucza","orcid":"0000–0001–7801–8444","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-03-04T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["eye tracking","eye-tracking translatorics","eye-tracking research methods","anthropocentric translatorics"],"en":["eye tracking","eye-tracking translatorics","eye-tracking research methods","anthropocentric translatorics"],"pl":["eye tracking","eye-tracking translatorics","eye-tracking research methods","anthropocentric translatorics"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The name “eye-tracking translatorics” is used more and more frequently in scientific deliberations within the field of translation studies as well as in the results of eye-tracking analyses of translation. It is explicitly used by the authors to nominally single out a certain area of scientific interest within translation studies. The present paper gives some remarks on the landscape of the eye-tracking translatorics in Poland at the dawn of the second decade of the 21st century. The paper presents also most important achievements in institutional eye-tracking research in Poland.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/02_grucza.pdf","title":"Błysk w oku – kilka słów o dokonaniach i kierunkach rozwoju polskiej translatoryki okulograficznej","title_en":"Some remarks on achievements and the future of the Polish eye-tracking translatorics","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Sambor Grucza 142"},{"id":"c5d27e13-cb5e-5388-8cc8-d246e197b78a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/11_michon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcin","lastName":"Michoń","orcid":"0000–0002–5670–9559","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["diasemiotic and isosemiotic actions","multimedia and audiovisual translation","transmediality","translation process"],"en":["diasemiotic and isosemiotic actions","multimedia and audiovisual translation","transmediality","translation process"],"pl":["diasemiotic and isosemiotic actions","multimedia and audiovisual translation","transmediality","translation process"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper describes dia- and isosemiotic relations in the process of transmedia adaptation. The translator plays a difficult role in the globalisation process of multimedia projects, therefore it is crucial for the scientific approach to recognise the set of obligatory interpersonal, intercultural, and communicational skills that lead to a successful participation in the production and internationalisation process of audiovisual and multimedia hypertexts. Examples of good practises in that area can be evaluated from text clusters created due to transmedia adaptation, such as the “Witcher” universe created by Andrzej Sapkowski and recreated for the multimedia by the CD Project RED publishing house.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/11_michon.pdf","title":"Działania dia- i izosemiotyczne na przykładzie tłumaczenia i adaptacji w relacjach transmedialnych","title_en":"Diasemiotic and isosemiotic actions in transmediality: Translation and adaptation as a case in point","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcin Michoń 143"},{"id":"3e36189f-1b7b-5d7a-90da-36f609d2a863","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/10_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000–0003–2026–142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","sitcom","voice-over translation","visual joke","complementarity"],"en":["audiovisual translation","sitcom","voice-over translation","visual joke","complementarity"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","sitcom","voice-over translation","visual joke","complementarity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper deals with visual jokes consisting of aural verbal part and visual (non)verbal part that can be found e.g. in US-American sitcoms such as “Friends”, “The Big Bang Theory”, and “How I Met Your Mother”. The first part of the paper characterises audiovisual works in general, taking into consideration relations between visual and aural channel. Then, the characteristics of voice-over translations are described. The main part of the paper analyses chosen examples of the visual jokes and their official Polish translations. It is of main interest to see whether the analysed fragments have the same function, i.e. humorous function, also in the target version, and if the relations between the visual and the aural channel were respected by the translator.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/10_proczkowska.pdf","title":"Dowcipy (audio)wizualne w sitcomach amerykańskich","title_en":"(Audio)visual jokes in US-American sitcoms","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 144"},{"id":"b8d87a11-031f-553b-ad96-388e0d816ca1","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/09_plewa/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Elżbieta","lastName":"Plewa","orcid":"0000–0003–2925–135","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["film translation","the in-image subtitle","narrative and dialogue subtitles","dubbing","versioning"],"en":["film translation","the in-image subtitle","narrative and dialogue subtitles","dubbing","versioning"],"pl":["film translation","the in-image subtitle","narrative and dialogue subtitles","dubbing","versioning"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Text translation in films, contrary to frequently quoted opinions, did not start with the introduction of sound in films – which occurred in Poland in the 1929/30 cinema season. Prior to that, in the silent cinema period, title cards were a tried and tested way of delivering content to the viewer. And these silent movies’ intertitles were translated. Copies of various foreign films with Polish title cards have even been preserved instead of with the original wording. Imitating title cards for silent films, subtitles began to appear in films with sound and dialogue. These were “inserted subtitles” – between scene edits. The next way of presenting a subtitle was the in-image subtitle, which began modern film subtitling. This article concerns the subtitling of films in Poland in 1931–1939. It endeavours to show the development of Polish film text translation in its initial phase. The article contains previously unpublished pictures of subtitles for films from the discussed period, which come from original archival research.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/09_plewa.pdf","title":"Rozwój tłumaczenia napisowego w Polsce w latach 1931–1939","title_en":"The development of subtitling in Poland in 1931–1939","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Elżbieta Plewa 145"},{"id":"f1835d92-0f1a-55ef-8d50-cedbb00229d2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/13_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000–0001–6999–1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["onomastics","translation","translation techniques"],"en":["onomastics","translation","translation techniques"],"pl":["onomastics","translation","translation techniques"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The following article discusses the translation problems of a specific kind of so-called beastionyms, which are a part of the group of hyperphysionyms defined by Friedhelm Debus and have been characterised as the names given to different science-fiction and fantasy creatures. The main concern are the translation possibilities of personified beastionyms which appear in the story written by Andrzej Sapkowski and its German rendition.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/13_lesner.pdf","title":"Borowik czy Waldteufel, czyli kilka uwag o przekładzie bestionimów","title_en":"Borowik or Waldteufel – some remarks about translation of beastionyms","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 146"},{"id":"bf5f522f-2542-5afd-94c4-0f9018e8ac90","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/14_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-05T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["The Crimean Sonnets","third culture elements","orientalism","translation technique","rendering"],"en":["The Crimean Sonnets","third culture elements","orientalism","translation technique","rendering"],"pl":["The Crimean Sonnets","third culture elements","orientalism","translation technique","rendering"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"“The Crimean Sonnets” written by Adam Mickiewicz, which are the literary fruit of the poet’s journey to the Crimea, express his admiration of the peninsula, which the poet called “the East in miniature”. The fascination with the Orient in the Crimean cycle manifests itself not only in applying oriental motifs, which were taken from Arabic or Persian literature, but also in rich vocabulary referring to elements of Turkish, Arabic, Tatar, and Persian culture. Given the fact that in the translation process of “The Crimean Sonnets” from Polish into German these elements are foreign to both the source and target culture, they can be defined as the third culture elements according to Dorota Urbanek. The purpose of this article is to analyse translation techniques used to convey selected orientalisms in “The Crimean Sonnets” in the rendering by Martin Remané and Dirk Strauch. The analysis of the techniques allows to determine whether the translators retained the local colour of the oriental Crimea by preserving the foreign elements or whether they tried to domesticate their rendering.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/14_gaska.pdf","title":"Orientalizmy jako elementy trzeciej kultury w tłumaczeniu „Sonetów krymskich” na język niemiecki","title_en":"Orientalisms as third culture elements in the translation of “The Crimean Sonnets” into German","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 147"},{"id":"cb1a0c28-6180-5365-8b04-5432c9a44124","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/12_hacken/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Pius ten","lastName":"Hacken","orcid":"0000–0002–6468–1891","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-17T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translation competence","literary translation","scientific translation"],"en":["translation competence","literary translation","scientific translation"],"pl":["translation competence","literary translation","scientific translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In order to be a part of an explanatory theory of translation, translation competence should be taken as the specific competence a translator needs beyond general types of competence, such as the knowledge of the source language and the target language. In literary translation, the translator is an expert reader of the source text, whereas in scientific translation it is unrealistic and not necessary to expect this. This imposes different requirements on translation competence.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/12_hacken.pdf","title":"On the cognitive difference between literary and specialized translation","title_en":"On the cognitive difference between literary and specialized translation","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Pius ten Hacken 148"},{"id":"25592313-26d1-57c0-902c-b791b179e2ae","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/16_tecza/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zygmunt","lastName":"Tęcza","orcid":"0000–0002–9543–4674","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-18T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["teaching of translation","literary translation","modern German poetry","fall of the Berlin Wall"],"en":["teaching of translation","literary translation","modern German poetry","fall of the Berlin Wall"],"pl":["teaching of translation","literary translation","modern German poetry","fall of the Berlin Wall"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"For obvious reasons, literary translation is only marginally present in the general teaching of translation at university level. The interest of both teachers and students naturally focuses on texts of everyday use. However, the specific nature of poetic works, first of all their multidimensionality, makes them an excellent material to sensitise the future translator to diverse linguistic, intertextual and culture-related phenomena which, in a less pronounced form, also occur in non-literary texts. Thus, this article is intended as a plea for the inclusion of poetry in translation teaching.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/16_tecza.pdf","title":"O racji bytu tekstów poetyckich w uniwersyteckiej dydaktyce tłumaczeń – na przykładzie niemieckiej liryki czasu zjednoczenia","title_en":"On usability of poetic texts in teaching translation at university level – exemplified by German poetry of the Wendezeit","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zygmunt Tęcza 149"},{"id":"243e1855-31bc-5c27-af2b-e3d0d5179798","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/17_maksvytyte/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jūratė","lastName":"Maksvytytė","orcid":"0000–0001–5109–9184","affiliation":{"de":"Technische Universität Kaunas","en":"Kaunas University of Technology","pl":"Uniwersytet Techniczny w Kownie"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["culture-bound elements","translation","strategies","rendering","preserving"],"en":["culture-bound elements","translation","strategies","rendering","preserving"],"pl":["culture-bound elements","translation","strategies","rendering","preserving"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Each culture is unique and has its own unique objects or phenomena related to its history, traditions, and cultural identity. These specific objects, otherwise called culture-bound elements, may be strange and unrecognizable to another culture. Translators are often challenged to translate the text of one culture to another and to convey the names of cultural elements, while still preserving their unique meaning, as well as their national and cultural colour. The aim of the article is to analyse the strategies and techniques by means of which the names of Lithuanian culture-bound elements are translated into English in a work devoted to public affairs. To what extent the original is preserved in the foreign-language environment clarifies the (dis)harmony. In short, the name of a culture-bound element is an integral part of such work that otherwise would not accomplish its purpose.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/17_maksvytyte.pdf","title":"Culture-bound elements: Rendering and preserving in translation","title_en":"Culture-bound elements: Rendering and preserving in translation","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jūratė Maksvytytė 150"},{"id":"bd585748-ed7e-5100-b060-39cd8cb7b4f5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/19_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000–0002–0576–8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-21T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-19","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["specialized translation","background text","parallel text","terminology","death"],"en":["specialized translation","background text","parallel text","terminology","death"],"pl":["specialized translation","background text","parallel text","terminology","death"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The purpose of this article is to present the usefulness of parallel and background texts in the work of a translator of specialist texts. In the theoretical part, the issue of the concept of death and its types will be discussed. A short review of the definitions and characteristics of the parallel and background texts will also be made. The second part is devoted to the use of this type of texts in determining German equivalents of Polish terms related to human death.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/19_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Śmierć w przekładzie specjalistycznym – wybrane problemy terminologiczne w porównaniu polsko-niemieckim","title_en":"Death in specialized translation – selected terminological problems in Polish-German comparison","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 151"},{"id":"445f4063-e969-5eca-b40a-95865080da05","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/18_fouad/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Lobna","lastName":"Fouad","orcid":"0000–0002–5920–613X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helwan in Kairo","en":"Helwan University in Cairo","pl":"Uniwersytet Helwan w Kairze"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-03-18T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-18","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["German interjections","Arabic interjections","functional pragmatics","steer field","symbolic field"],"en":["German interjections","Arabic interjections","functional pragmatics","steer field","symbolic field"],"pl":["German interjections","Arabic interjections","functional pragmatics","steer field","symbolic field"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Interjections are an essential part of communication. They have their own phonological inventory and fulfil special communicative functions. They put interactional procedures in process. In the past, they used to be treated only as a secondary category, but they received a special position in the new linguistic approach of functional pragmatics. They have an interesting scientific history of development in Arabic too, starting from the Kufa-School of grammar until the modern theories. This paper discusses the interjections as a grammatical category in German and Arabic.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/18_fouad.pdf","title":"Die Interjektionen im Deutschen und Arabischen aus funktional-pragmatischer Sicht","title_en":"The interjections in German and Arabic from the perspective of functional pragmatics","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Lobna Fouad 152"},{"id":"52541ad9-4128-5579-bf79-59388c4a0965","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/15_kazik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karolina","lastName":"Kazik","orcid":"0000–0002–0040–4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["world view","literary translation","equivalency","cognitive ethnolinguistics","categorisation"],"en":["world view","literary translation","equivalency","cognitive ethnolinguistics","categorisation"],"pl":["world view","literary translation","equivalency","cognitive ethnolinguistics","categorisation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article demonstrates how language and culture determine the use of German „Heimat”, „Heimatland” and „Vaterland” translated into Polish as „ojczyzna”. From the perspective of anthropocentric linguistics, the central research object is primarily the translator who is responsible for the appropriateness of the translation result. The explication reflects the theories within the scope of linguistic worldview, developed by J. Bartmiński and A. Wierzbicka. The cognitive aspects of literary translation will be explained on the example of Mascha Kaléko’s poems, originally written in German.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/15_kazik.pdf","title":"Językowy obraz ojczyzny w przekładzie wierszy Maschy Kaléko na język polski","title_en":"„Ojczyzna” and its cultural worldview within the translation of Mascha Kaleko’s poems into Polish","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karolina Kazik 153"},{"id":"99272e80-9041-5040-8e02-c1ee1c10af8a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/20_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–1741–8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2018-12-17T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-20","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["legal acts translation","comparison of parallel legal texts method","juridical discourse in translation"],"en":["legal acts translation","comparison of parallel legal texts method","juridical discourse in translation"],"pl":["legal acts translation","comparison of parallel legal texts method","juridical discourse in translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper aims to focus on translation rules of public authorities names through selected political system acts. Adequacy and transparency in the target language were in the centre of attention. It is multi-designated names that appear to present the major and specific translation problem. The selected classification allowed to determine the optimal method of translation. The conducted analysis involves several translations of political system acts into Polish.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/20_iluk.pdf","title":"Przekład nazw organów państwowych w aktach ustrojowych na język polski","title_en":"The translation of public authorities names in political system acts into Polish","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Iluk 154"},{"id":"4feb3544-dd0b-580a-a760-2d671ebbd371","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/24_wieczorek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jakub","lastName":"Wieczorek","orcid":"0000–0002–4500–9231","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-01-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-24","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["constrained translation","multisemiotic translation","TM-Semic","Hatchette"],"en":["constrained translation","multisemiotic translation","TM-Semic","Hatchette"],"pl":["constrained translation","multisemiotic translation","TM-Semic","Hatchette"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The Transformers comic books originated in 1984, and have been a vital part of the brand until today. The characters in the story, designed as shapeshifting toys, were given attractively-sounding, mostly descriptive names. When, in 1991, the “Transformers” comic books appeared in Poland, their publishers were aware of the need to explain those names, as well as of the originally-named merchandise already available in the country. This article explores how the approach varies through time and specific sections of the comics, and how this issue was handled in the recent reintroduction of the books.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/24_wieczorek.pdf","title":"Tłumaczenie nazw własnych postaci w komiksach Transformers wydanych w Polsce","title_en":"Translation of the proper names of the characters in Transformers comic books in Poland","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jakub Wieczorek 155"},{"id":"c91703bc-b3be-5a55-b4a8-be3f836446b8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/22_lapinski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Łapiński","orcid":"0000–0003–2220–3485","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Gdańsk","en":"University of Gdańsk","pl":"Uniwersytet Gdański"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-05-02T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-22","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translator studies","interaction","sociology of translation","publishing market","literary translation"],"en":["translator studies","interaction","sociology of translation","publishing market","literary translation"],"pl":["translator studies","interaction","sociology of translation","publishing market","literary translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The main aim of the paper is to propose a new way of studying literary translation, inspired by Hélène Buzelin’s claim to look at the translation process as a manufacturing activity, always involving several subjects. First, the concept of translator studies – one of the most recent subfields of translation studies – is briefly presented together with its major assumptions. Then, the traditional sender-transmitter-receiver translation scheme is developed to include more agents. The resulting list is to give a brief overview of how complex the situation of literary translator is, whose responsibility for the shape of a literary product requires dealing with several counteracting objectives.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/22_lapinski.pdf","title":"How many cogs are in the machine? A few thoughts on the practical application of translator studies","title_en":"How many cogs are in the machine? A few thoughts on the practical application of translator studies","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Łapiński 156"},{"id":"23a05b99-cf7f-578a-a005-2fd5209565aa","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/25_tsoi/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Debbie Ling-yu","lastName":"Tsoi","orcid":"0000–0003–3489–3006","affiliation":{"de":"The Education University of Hong Kong","en":"The Education University of Hong Kong","pl":"Uniwersytet Edukacyjny w Hong Kongu"}},{"firstName":"Christy Fung-ming","lastName":"Liu","orcid":"0000–0002–3090–0339","affiliation":{"de":"The Education University of Hong Kong","en":"The Education University of Hong Kong","pl":"Uniwersytet Edukacyjny w Hong Kongu"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-25","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translator network","networked individualism","Facebook","Chinese translators"],"en":["translator network","networked individualism","Facebook","Chinese translators"],"pl":["translator network","networked individualism","Facebook","Chinese translators"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"To find out how online social networking sites allow Chinese translators to develop their own networks, the experiences of ten Chinese translation-related Facebook page owners were studied. Based on a mixed-method design, the study shows that Facebook pages were opened to interact with the general public and readers to obtain feedback. Translation practitioners benefit by keeping a record of work, attracting people to their blogs, and establishing working relationships. However, indecent disclosure of clients’ information may do more harm than good.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/25_tsoi.pdf","title":"Networked individualism in Chinese translator online communities: A case study of Facebook","title_en":"Networked individualism in Chinese translator online communities: A case study of Facebook","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Debbie Ling-yu Tsoi 157 Christy Fung-ming Liu 158"},{"id":"577eaba5-cf0f-52dc-a831-4ad42da0b678","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/26_malgorzewicz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Małgorzewicz","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-3957","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-08-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-26","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["Studia Translatorica","anthropocentric translatorics","empirical translatorics","eye-tracking","translational transcendence"],"en":["Studia Translatorica","anthropocentric translatorics","empirical translatorics","eye-tracking","translational transcendence"],"pl":["Studia Translatorica","anthropocentric translatorics","empirical translatorics","eye-tracking","translational transcendence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper presents stages and perspectives of development of translatorics on the basis of research published in the journal “Studia Translatorica”. The author analysed in great detail research areas (types and forms of translation), applied methodologies, and represented paradigms which were of interest to researchers (Polish and foreign) who have been publishing in “Studia Translatorica” for the past 10 years. She was successful in establishing some trends and perspectives of research on translation. The analysis of the literature has led to expressing the demand for empirical research in translatorics as well as for inclusion of new paradigms and categories in research on translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/26_malgorzewicz.pdf","title":"Entwicklungstendenzen der translatorischen Forschung. Aus der Geschichte der Zeitschrift „Studia Translatorica“","title_en":"Development trends in research on translation: A story of the journal “Studia Translatorica”","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Małgorzewicz 159"},{"id":"f35d0c81-5a7e-53f7-ac3b-435f31a5b19d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/21_redzioch-korkuz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000–0002–8345–2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2018-10-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-21","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translation","model","semiotics","concepts","paradigm"],"en":["translation","model","semiotics","concepts","paradigm"],"pl":["translation","model","semiotics","concepts","paradigm"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article attempts to demonstrate the potential of semiotics for translation studies. Even though semiotic paradigms can be observed across certain theories advocated by translation scholars, it seems that a clear and integrated semiotics-based model of translation has not been developed yet. The hypotheses developed in the article may help to answer the question whether it is feasible to draw a relevant model of translation that would include categories for the most significant variables influencing the process of translation. To this end the article offers an analysis of various research models and discusses the potential of a semiotic framework of reference.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/21_redzioch-korkuz.pdf","title":"Research models across translation studies and a semiotic paradigm","title_en":"Research models across translation studies and a semiotic paradigm","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 160"},{"id":"2e45aecf-344a-50d7-928b-9862b9d848dc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/28_carburean/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Diana","lastName":"Cărburean","orcid":"0000–0002–3672–4962","affiliation":{"de":"Bukarest","en":"Bucharest","pl":"Bukareszt"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-04-24T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-28","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["translation strategies","legal translation","functional equivalence","compensation"],"en":["translation strategies","legal translation","functional equivalence","compensation"],"pl":["translation strategies","legal translation","functional equivalence","compensation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Unlike the Canon law texts available in the Romanian principalities – Moldavia and Wallachia – falling under the Slavic influence, the first legal acts which are subscribed to the secular law and which appear in 1646 [“Carte Românească de Învățătură” (en. Romanian Book of Learning) or “Pravila lui Vasile Lupu” (en. Vasile Lupu’s Code of Laws)] and in 1652 [“Îndreptarea legii” (en. The Law’s Rectification) or Pravila lui Matei Basarab (en. Matei Basarab’s Code of Laws)] fall under the Greek-Byzantine influence. The present article aims to provide some information regarding the translation mechanisms applied by the Moldavian and Wallachian scholars of the 17th century who aimed at transposing the Byzantine Legal Standard to the everyday life of the two above mentioned Romanian principalities by means of fundamental procedures, such as “analysis (with the underlying meaning determination), transfer, restructuring, and testing” (Nida, 2004: 85) of the source message. The most precious information related to the translation process of those times is provided by the cases of untranslatability generated by the legal and terminological gap between the Receiver and the Transmitter. The identification and classification of these cases, but also the highlighting of the solutions the translator found to solve them, represent important steps in understanding the equivalenting process of two unequal legal systems that took place centuries ago in Eastern Europe, as illustrated by the case of the two Romanian principalities and the Greek-Byzantine one.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/28_carburean.pdf","title":"The Byzantine legal standard transposition strategies into the Romanian regulatory texts of the 17th century","title_en":"The Byzantine legal standard transposition strategies into the Romanian regulatory texts of the 17th century","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Diana Cărburean 161"},{"id":"8d364ffa-97f4-5b39-beb3-b5ba586aff6f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/27_lindemann/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"André","lastName":"Lindemann","orcid":"0000–0001–9561–6825","affiliation":{"de":"Bundesverband der Dolmetscher und Übersetzer e.V. (BDÜ)","en":"German Federal Association of Interpreters and Translators","pl":"Federalny Związek Tłumaczy Ustnych i Pisemnych"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2018-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-27","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["future challenges","changes in the translation & interpretation industry","new approach to the profession","specialisation","new technologies"],"en":["future challenges","changes in the translation & interpretation industry","new approach to the profession","specialisation","new technologies"],"pl":["future challenges","changes in the translation & interpretation industry","new approach to the profession","specialisation","new technologies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"More and more content is being created all over the world and it is simply not possible for all this to be translated by human translators. The profession of translators is far from being abolished, but it is subject to serious changes. Completely new tasks await the translators. It is not only machines that have to be “reprogrammed.” The same can be said about the profession of interpreters. Here, we are also dealing with the changing work environment, with price pressure, impact of new technologies, changes in working conditions. In the future, we need not only new skills, but also a completely new approach to our profession. Are we prepared for this and how are we prepared for it? What do we need for this? How can professional associations help?","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/27_lindemann.pdf","title":"Wyzwania w zakresie profesjonalnych tłumaczeń pisemnych i ustnych w przyszłości","title_en":"Challenges for professional translation and interpretation in the future","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"André Lindemann 162"},{"id":"38aeeb8b-9eed-5c2e-ba48-68f2265aeff4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/29_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}},{"firstName":"Judyta","lastName":"Kuznik","orcid":"0000–0001–6363–9811","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.10-29","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/29_gaska.pdf","title":"Clements, Rebekah (2015): “A Cultural History of Translation in Early Modern Japan”. Cambridge University Press. 275 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 163 Judyta Kuznik 164"},{"id":"c69965c2-7a53-59e6-8215-01e79ffbe09a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/30_piecychna/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Beata","lastName":"Piecychna","orcid":"0000–0002–6508–8432","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Białystok","en":"University of Białystok","pl":"Uniwersytet w Białymstoku"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.10-30","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/30_piecychna.pdf","title":"Stolze, Radegundis/ Stanley, John/ Cercel, Larisa (eds.) (2015): “Translation Hermeneutics. The First Symposium”. Bucharest: zeta Books. 464 pp.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Beata Piecychna 165"},{"id":"5513cad3-bda5-54d4-aadc-763f1c2d5f6f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/10/23_maziarz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Maziarz","orcid":"0000–0003–0569–9036","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-02-11T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2019-10-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.10-23","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":10,"keywords":{"de":["digital skills","media education","translation","didactics","competence","German language"],"en":["digital skills","media education","translation","didactics","competence","German language"],"pl":["digital skills","media education","translation","didactics","competence","German language"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The digital competence is one of the key competences. It is also very important in the education. The author of the article describes digital skills of the German language students who are training to become translators within the context of the EMT competence framework. The most important of the competence is the use of technology. This competence includes the entire knowledge and all of the skills used to implement present and future translation technologies within the translation process.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/10/23_maziarz.pdf","title":"Kompetencje medialne i cyfrowe studentów filologii germańskiej jako podstawa do rozwijania kompetencji translacyjnej przyszłych tłumaczy","title_en":"Medial and digital competence of students of German philology as the basis for developing the translational competence of future translators","type":"article","year":2019},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Maziarz 166"},{"id":"80e46b51-75c8-582b-b1cd-175560695652","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/01_zmudzki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jerzy","lastName":"Żmudzki","orcid":"0000-0003-3617-5569","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["the anthropocentric conception of translation","the cognitive and practical competences of a translator","the relationship of translation as a system of constituencies for any situation of translation","primary sender – source text – translator as a secondary recipient and as a secondary sender – target text – terminal (final) recipient","the relationship of translation as a relationship of communication"],"en":["the anthropocentric conception of translation","the cognitive and practical competences of a translator","the relationship of translation as a system of constituencies for any situation of translation","primary sender – source text – translator as a secondary recipient and as a secondary sender – target text – terminal (final) recipient","the relationship of translation as a relationship of communication"],"pl":["the anthropocentric conception of translation","the cognitive and practical competences of a translator","the relationship of translation as a system of constituencies for any situation of translation","primary sender – source text – translator as a secondary recipient and as a secondary sender – target text – terminal (final) recipient","the relationship of translation as a relationship of communication"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article outlines, evaluates and gives a special review of the development of the paradigm which founded the conception of anthropocentric translatorics formulated by F. Grucza. In this way, the author of the new theory and the new scientific discipline has opened a new perspective on translation by establishing the complete relationship between the constituencies within this fundamental constellation of every translation situation. The translator as a human being has been situated in the centre of the relationship of translation and defined as the subject of any cognitively and communicatively oriented translation activity. Thanks to this anthropocentric approach (as a different option) anthropocentric translation studies started to be treated as an autonomous scientific discipline. The main goal of the anthropocentric translatorics (known also as translatology) consists in reconstructing of special features of the central object (which are the translators themselves) performing the main translation operations like re-profiling, re-contextualisation, re-addressing. The very reconstruction concerns skills within the translator’s competence determined by other translation operations. The didactics of translation has to be based and profiled upon the above characterised constituencies of the translator’s competence which depend on the type/kind of translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/01_zmudzki.pdf","title":"Die anthropozentrische Translatorik von F. Grucza. Skizze der paradigmatischen Evolution einer Disziplin","title_en":"The conception of anthropocentric translatorics by F. Grucza: An approach to presenting a paradigmatic evolution of a scientific discipline","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jerzy Żmudzki 167"},{"id":"5aae91f2-b478-5fda-9dd3-0fd76ff6dde0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/03_arrojo/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Rosemary","lastName":"Arrojo","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Binghamton","en":"Binghamton University","pl":"Uniwersytet w Binghamton"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["literary translation","gendering","authorship","belles infidèles"],"en":["literary translation","gendering","authorship","belles infidèles"],"pl":["literary translation","gendering","authorship","belles infidèles"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Common sense has often associated both translations and translators with different forms of betrayal. In this paper I intend to focus on how the theme of betrayal in translation is treated in terms of a love triangle, in which the translator’s “unreliable” handling of the original is associated with some form of competition with the author for the love of a woman. The object of my analysis will be a short story by Moacyr Scliar entitled “Notas ao Pé da Página”, first published in Brazil in 1995. I believe that such an analysis may help us further understand the often negative reputation translators seem to have in a culture that worships originals and tends to distrust any activity that somehow “touches” them. It may also help us reflect on why mainstream translation theories have always been so interested in controlling and disciplining translators and their interventions in the texts they necessarily have to rewrite.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/03_arrojo.pdf","title":"Übersetzen, (Un)Treue und Geschlechterrollen in einer Kurzgeschichte von Moacyr Scliar","title_en":"Translation, (in)fidelity and gendering in a short-story by Moacyr Scliar","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Rosemary Arrojo 168"},{"id":"5389f80d-a6cf-5b0f-acf7-e7366bf0c94e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/02_sulikowski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Piotr R.","lastName":"Sulikowski","orcid":"0000-0003-3797-1073","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["translation, intertextuality, polysystem, interculturality, interculture"],"en":["translation, intertextuality, polysystem, interculturality, interculture"],"pl":["translation, intertextuality, polysystem, interculturality, interculture"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article concerns the problem of changes within the linguistic approach to text from the perspective of the new multimedia surrounding of texts and the influence of the interfactors on the translation process itself. The factors on which the approach has been created are partially well known: intertextuality, intersemioticity, interculturality, and indexicality. The main role fulfills in the approach the term interculture understood as a knowledge domain around primary texts according to Even-Zohar’s polysystem theory.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/02_sulikowski.pdf","title":"Zur Relativierung des Textbegriffs in der Übersetzung der medialen Ära","title_en":"About the relativisation of the approach to text in translation in the media era","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Piotr R. Sulikowski 169"},{"id":"72d5d499-396d-5cb9-9f36-a9f7f269266e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/07_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["translation techniques","game studies","onomastics"],"en":["translation techniques","game studies","onomastics"],"pl":["translation techniques","game studies","onomastics"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The following article discusses the translation problems of a specific kind of lexical units, the hyperphysionyms, which have been defined as the names given to different science-fiction and fantasy creatures. The main concerns of this paper are translation possibilities of personified hyperphysionyms and descriptive hyperphysionyms.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/07_lesner.pdf","title":"Materia Magica im Übersetzungsverfahren. Hyperphysionyme und Methoden ihrer Übersetzung","title_en":"Materia Magica within the translation process: Hyperphysionyms and methods of their translation","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 170"},{"id":"885e5c34-9aa1-5f68-984e-e714554a7141","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/06_vitucci/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Francesco","lastName":"Vitucci","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Bologna","en":"Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna University","pl":"Uniwersytet Boloński"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","intersemiotic specification","semiotic cohesion","Japanese-Italian interlinguistic subtitling","source text and target text intercultural relation"],"en":["audiovisual translation","intersemiotic specification","semiotic cohesion","Japanese-Italian interlinguistic subtitling","source text and target text intercultural relation"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","intersemiotic specification","semiotic cohesion","Japanese-Italian interlinguistic subtitling","source text and target text intercultural relation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This study intends to address the following questions from the perspective of audiovisual translation studies: how can extraverbal elements of multimodal texts be represented within subtitling? What strategies can be implemented to facilitate the interlinguistic mediation of feature films subtitled into English from non-European languages without significant phenomena of anchoring and redundancy?","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/06_vitucci.pdf","title":"The semiotic cohesion of audiovisual texts. Types of intersemiotic explicitations in the English subtitles of Japanese full-length films","title_en":"The semiotic cohesion of audiovisual texts. Types of intersemiotic explicitations in the English subtitles of Japanese full-length films","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Francesco Vitucci 171"},{"id":"3253d5d4-eda5-5b00-8c10-08d69732b712","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/04_chakravarty/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Urjani","lastName":"Chakravarty","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Indisches Institut für Management Indore","en":"Indian Institute of Management Indore","pl":"Indyjski Instytut Zarządzania Indore"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["translation","relevance theory","cultural dimensions","good translation","world literature and intercultural patterns"],"en":["translation","relevance theory","cultural dimensions","good translation","world literature and intercultural patterns"],"pl":["translation","relevance theory","cultural dimensions","good translation","world literature and intercultural patterns"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper investigates the manner in which translation of intercultural patterns affect the association between Krishna Sobti’s Dilo Daanish, the source text (Hindi) and The Heart has its Reasons, by Reema Anand and Meenakshi Swami, the translated text (English) within a Relevance Theoretic framework. Discussing this concept of fidelity with regards to cultural dimensions the paper will try to explore the significance of Intercultural Patterns and their applicability in the context of World Literature. Using, Sperber and Wilson’s (1995, 2002) Relevance Theory, a theory efficacious in the domain of translation, and Jens Allwood’s (1985) Intercultural Patterns, the study attempts to establish how the percolation of a particular pattern during the translation process achieves and maintains the cultural system within a text. Thereby promoting the notion of an adequate translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/04_chakravarty.pdf","title":"Of world literature and challenges in translation: An intercultural perspective","title_en":"Of world literature and challenges in translation: An intercultural perspective","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Urjani Chakravarty 172"},{"id":"6df387b6-bfbd-5f76-b124-a824f8c93b5f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/08_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","visual jokes","sitcoms","complementarity"],"en":["audiovisual translation","visual jokes","sitcoms","complementarity"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","visual jokes","sitcoms","complementarity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The purpose of this paper is to analyse a particular type of jokes made in the US-American sitcom How I Met Your Mother and their official TV translations into Polish and German. The examples encompass private jokes shared by two main characters, Ted and Robin. Those are military-oriented visual jokes that are expressed partially verbally and partially visually. The first section of the paper discusses the character of audiovisual works and the relation between the visual and acoustic channel. The second part describes chosen joke typologies. What follows is the analysis of jokes in source and target languages.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/08_proczkowska.pdf","title":"Militäranspielungen als (audio)visuelle Witze in „How I Met Your Mother“","title_en":"Military references as (audio)visual jokes in “How I Met Your Mother”","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 173"},{"id":"6e705bff-a6a6-5e85-b1de-d704157cfe2d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/09_yuan/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Yilei","lastName":"Yuan","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Zhejiang International Studies University","en":"Zhejiang International Studies University","pl":"Zhejiang International Studies University"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["politeness","address","self-denigration","non-verbal politeness"],"en":["politeness","address","self-denigration","non-verbal politeness"],"pl":["politeness","address","self-denigration","non-verbal politeness"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper explores how politeness-related terms in Chinese films are translated into English with a case study that consists of four of Zhang Yimou’s films. Zhang Yimou is allegedly the most internationally acclaimed Chinese director. The selected films are set in different time periods of China, and thus politeness is manifested with different focuses. Politeness in the films follows two maxims: Address Maxim and Self-denigration Maxim. Hence, this paper will examine how those politeness-related terms fall into address and self-denigration divisions and how they have been translated by subtitlers. As visual politeness is prevalent in audiovisual productions, this paper will also briefly analyse how Chinese politeness is demonstrated non-verbally.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/09_yuan.pdf","title":"Politeness in subtitling: To retain or not to","title_en":"Politeness in subtitling: To retain or not to","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Yilei Yuan 174"},{"id":"8a71ca98-88bc-5ad0-ab80-16e77e732b23","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/10_carburean/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Diana","lastName":"Cărburean","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"„Iorgu Iordan - Al. Rosetti“ Institut für Linguistik, Rumänische Akademie","en":"“Iorgu Iordan - Al. Rosetti” Institute of Linguistics, Romanian Academy","pl":"Instytut Lingwistyki „Iorgu Iordan - Al. Rosetti”, Rumuńska Akademia Nauk"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["Censorship","literary translation","comparative analysis"],"en":["Censorship","literary translation","comparative analysis"],"pl":["Censorship","literary translation","comparative analysis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article presents several observations regarding the way the Romanian Communist Censorship affected the editorial field, in general, and the literary translation, in particular. Therefore, I will provide a comparative analysis of the translations into Romanian of two works belonging to Nikos Kazantzakis, Ο Χριστός ξανασταυρώνεται (“Christ Recrucified”) and Αναφορά στον Γκρέκο (“Report to Greco”), performed firstly in 1968 and in 1986, and retranslated after 1989.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/10_carburean.pdf","title":"Nikos Kazantzakis’s Work under the Romanian Censorship’s Siege","title_en":"Nikos Kazantzakis’s Work under the Romanian Censorship’s Siege","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Diana Cărburean 175"},{"id":"245bec33-6d52-5af8-9229-de3ccbd4fa38","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/11_dai/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Yunfang","lastName":"Dai","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Nationaluniversität Taiwan","en":"National Taiwan University","pl":"Państwowy Uniwersytet Tajwański"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["marginalization","Lin Shu","language styles","Henry VI","translation"],"en":["marginalization","Lin Shu","language styles","Henry VI","translation"],"pl":["marginalization","Lin Shu","language styles","Henry VI","translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Lin Shu quickly appeared but vanished in Chinese literary history at the turn of the twentieth century. Following a sociohistorical path, this essay identifies three roles he played in a particular context: an ancient-style prose defender, a loyal servant to the Qing Court, and a once popular translator. Each discussion sheds light on a different aspect of Lin’s marginalization. Merged together they may clarify the complexity and the contradictions of the considerations taken by him when translating. My basic claim is that Lin was not simply entangled in the debates on language styles or blindly obedient to the Qing Court, but truly worried about the root of Chinese culture. Through responding to some of his supposed faults, I want to allow him to reclaim his well-deserved place in the pantheon of Chinese literature.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/11_dai.pdf","title":"Marginalizing Lin Shu in the Republican Era: Language styles, Henry VI, and translation","title_en":"Marginalizing Lin Shu in the Republican Era: Language styles, Henry VI, and translation","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Yunfang Dai 176"},{"id":"aeeaf0fa-bf0e-5608-b66a-be7413f6c9a4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/12_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["foreignness","realia","culture-specific elements","translation strategy"],"en":["foreignness","realia","culture-specific elements","translation strategy"],"pl":["foreignness","realia","culture-specific elements","translation strategy"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article discusses the translation of culture-specific elements that can be seen as potential carriers of foreignness. For this purpose, Willem Frederik Hermans’s novel De donkere kamer van Damokles along with its translations into German and Polish are being scrutinised. The translations into German by Waltraud Hüsmert and into Polish by Andrzej Dąbrówka are taken into account. The analysis seeks to outline which translation techniques were used to represent the culture-specific elements in the target languages. Consequently, it will be possible to indicate a tendency with regard to the translation strategies that were applied.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/12_gaska.pdf","title":"Het vreemde in vertaling: een policonfrontatieve analyse van realia in de vertaling van De donkere kamer van Damokles naar het Duits en Pools","title_en":"The foreign in translation: A polyconfrontative analysis of realia in the translation of De donkere kamer van Damokles into German and Polish","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 177"},{"id":"902db14b-3c9f-5840-92d6-212f03c3f40e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/13_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["untranslatability","translation","poetry"],"en":["untranslatability","translation","poetry"],"pl":["untranslatability","translation","poetry"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the following article, the author describes some problems arising from translation of some Polish verbs which provide readers with information about the gender of the speaker and the addressee. Lesner focuses his attention on referential meaning as well as on content and connotative structure of the poem and its German rendition.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/13_lesner.pdf","title":"Zur Relation zwischen der textuellen und subjektiven Unübersetzbarkeit in der interlingualen Kommunikation am Beispiel des Gedichtes von Urszula Kozioł Nadnagość und seiner deutschen Übersetzung","title_en":"Textual and subjective untranslatability in intercultural communication as illustrated by Urszula Kozioł’s poem “Nadnagość” and its German rendition","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 178"},{"id":"b1b85ff3-7ee2-5308-bb12-17c8efa44604","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/14_sieradzka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Sieradzka","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["cultural references in literary translation","realia","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"],"en":["cultural references in literary translation","realia","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"],"pl":["cultural references in literary translation","realia","translation techniques","translator’s creativity"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper is devoted to the discussion of selected cultural aspects of literary translation. The subject matter of the paper is the description of the strategies taken by Zbigniew Krawczykowski and Józef Mirski in their translations of the best-known Heinrich von Kleist’s comedy Der zerbrochene Krug into Polish. The author touches upon the issue of translatability of the cultural references in the form of realia. The specific translation endeavours are analysed on the basis of the examples in the work under study.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/14_sieradzka.pdf","title":"Realienlexeme in der literarischen Übersetzung","title_en":"Realia in literary translation","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Sieradzka 179"},{"id":"f683ec04-8447-52ab-a1d2-7e8da2cc857a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/15_zwolska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marzena","lastName":"Zwolska","orcid":"","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["literary translation","denotative equivalence","translation error","German","Polish"],"en":["literary translation","denotative equivalence","translation error","German","Polish"],"pl":["literary translation","denotative equivalence","translation error","German","Polish"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper presented here deals with three different types of translation inadequacy at the denotative level identified by the author in the Polish translation of the novel Die Reise nach Jarosław by Rolf Schneider. To start with, the background of the novel and some specific aspects of its language are briefly described. Then, each type of shortcomings, i.e. false (or inaccurate) substitution, omission and addition, is discussed on the basis of several illustrative examples and the conclusion is drawn that virtually all translation errors recognised in the target text could easily have been avoided. In most cases they are due not to unintentional misinterpretation of a source language unit by the translator but rather to his general treatment of the original text which has to be judged as clearly too negligent.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/15_zwolska.pdf","title":"Wenn Knarren zu Gespielinnen werden: Zu translatorischen Defiziten denotativer Natur in der polnischen Übersetzung von Rolf Schneiders Roman „Die Reise nach Jarosław“","title_en":"When guns turn into sweethearts: Discussing translation shortcomings of denotative type in the Polish translation of the novel “Die Reise nach Jarosław” by Rolf Schneider","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marzena Zwolska 180"},{"id":"74e0b90c-60ad-5864-8700-c8dc765f741b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/16_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/16_gaska.pdf","title":"Lebedewa, Jekatherina (Hg.) (2016): Tabu und Übersetzung (Ost-West-Express. Kultur und Übersetzung. Band 26) Berlin: Frank & Timme. 248 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 181"},{"id":"4d6bfeb3-407d-5201-8d55-9796143fe335","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/18_siewert-kowalkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Siewert-Kowalkowska","orcid":"0000-0002-0576-8612","affiliation":{"de":"Kazimierz-Wielki-Universität Bydgoszcz","en":"Kazimierz Wielki Univeristy in Bydgoszcz","pl":"Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-18","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/18_siewert-kowalkowska.pdf","title":"Kozłowska, Zofia/ Szczęsny, Anna (2018): Tłumaczenie pisemne na język polski. Kompendium.Warszawa: PWN. 294 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska 182"},{"id":"f192aee8-01ec-5802-92a8-1e92b46ba896","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/20_lotko/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marek","lastName":"Lotko","orcid":"0000-0002-0040-4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-20","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/20_lotko.pdf","title":"Kubaszczyk, Joanna (2016): Faktura oryginału i przekładu. O przekładzie tekstów literackich. Warszawa. PWN. 274 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marek Lotko 183"},{"id":"6e548726-0fbe-5298-abf7-cb8ffc90f0f2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/19_kazik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karolina","lastName":"Kazik","orcid":"0000-0002-0040-4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-19","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/19_kazik.pdf","title":"Zybatow, Lew N./ Petrova, Alena/ Stauder, Andy/ Ustaszewski, Michael (Hg.) (2017): Übersetzen und Dolmetschen: Berufsbilder, Arbeitsfelder, Ausbildung. Ein- und Ausblicke in ein sich wandelndes Berufsfeld der Zukunft. 70 Jahre Innsbrucker Institut für Translationswissenschaft. (Forum Translationswissenschaft Band 21) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. 310 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karolina Kazik 184"},{"id":"b49b4247-fe3f-5e79-bad3-a931fb1d38fb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/17_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000-0003-2026-142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/17_proczkowska.pdf","title":"De  Rosa,  Gian  Luigi/  Bianchi,  Francesca/  De  Laurentiis,  Antonella/  Perego, Elisa (Hg.) (2014): Translating Humour in Audiovisual Texts. Bern et al.: Peter Lang. 533 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 185"},{"id":"2b4700a2-abaf-5a7b-8840-64d02ab63262","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/08/05_maras/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Tomasz","lastName":"Maras","orcid":"0000-0002-1752-333X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.8-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":8,"keywords":{"de":["source text","target text","translation evaluation","evaluation criteria"],"en":["source text","target text","translation evaluation","evaluation criteria"],"pl":["source text","target text","translation evaluation","evaluation criteria"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article focuses on the relations between a source and a target text with regard to their relevance for the evaluation of written translations. Furthermore, the paper presents the concepts of translation evaluation introduced by Nord, Koller, House, and Reiss. The present paper discusses phases of the evaluation process as well as their connections to the translation process. The focus is also placed on evaluation criteria which are an indispensable condition for clear and comprehensible evaluation of translations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/08/05_maras.pdf","title":"Zwischen Ausgangs- und Zieltext: Multidimensionalität der prozess- und resultatorientierten Übersetzungskritik und ihrer Kriterien","title_en":"Between source and target text: multidimensionality of process- and result-oriented translation evaluation and its criteria","type":"article","year":2017},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Tomasz Maras 186"},{"id":"e97353ed-e524-5f54-b31e-2cc34402c61a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/02_hartwich/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Patricia","lastName":"Hartwich","orcid":"0000–0002–2455–0037","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-06-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-09-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["mediation","language mediation","Common European Framework of Reference for Languages","CEFR","Companion Volume"],"en":["mediation","language mediation","Common European Framework of Reference for Languages","CEFR","Companion Volume"],"pl":["mediation","language mediation","Common European Framework of Reference for Languages","CEFR","Companion Volume"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) had a lasting impact on all areas of foreign language teaching not only in Europe but also worldwide. Although activities and strategies of language mediation were already included in its action-oriented approach, no empirically developed scales and descriptors were made available for them. As a result, language mediation has found its way into European classrooms to different degrees in the last two decades. The Companion Volume with New Descriptors seems to close this gap by rendering the concept of mediation more precisely, on the one hand, and extending it, on the other hand. This article outlines and critically assesses the concept of mediation as developed in the CEFR Companion Volume, compared to the earlier concept.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/02_hartwich.pdf","title":"Mediation als soziokulturelles Sprachhandeln im Begleitband zum Gemeinsamen europäischen Referenzrahmen für Sprachen","title_en":"Mediation as sociocultural language action in the Companion Volume to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Patricia Hartwich 187"},{"id":"fb0c53e3-5991-5ece-a4f1-cda810ec641c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/01_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-06-07T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["indirect translation","literary translation","third culture elements","translation technique","rendering"],"en":["indirect translation","literary translation","third culture elements","translation technique","rendering"],"pl":["indirect translation","literary translation","third culture elements","translation technique","rendering"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present article deals with the indirect translation, which is conceived by many translation theoreticians as an inadvisable practice. The aim of the paper is to prove that the Polish rendering of the novel “Koelie” by the Dutch writer Madelon Székely-Lulofs is in fact an indirect translation. The case study draws on a triangulation method consisting of peritextual, epitextual and comparative analysis. The epitextual analysis enabled to advance a hypothesis, that the translator of the novel into Polish – Herminia Bukowska – might have rendered indirect either via the German or English version. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the source text with its renderings into German, English and Polish carried out with regard to the so-called third culture elements, was it possible to verify this hypothesis. The comparison revealed quite a few unambiguous similarities between the Polish and German rendering in the translators’ approach in relation to the mentioned translation units, which in turn differ from the source text.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/01_gaska.pdf","title":"Der indirekten Translation auf der Spur – „Koelie“ von Madelon Székely-Lulofs in polnischer Übersetzung","title_en":"On the trail of the indirect translation – “Koelie” written by Madelon Székely-Lulofs rendered into Polish","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 188"},{"id":"9696e1d2-213f-535f-930d-59f84fe130b7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/04_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–2539–1936","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}},{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–1741–8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku Białej"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["translation studies","law language","specialist vocabulary","text-normative equivalence"],"en":["translation studies","law language","specialist vocabulary","text-normative equivalence"],"pl":["translation studies","law language","specialist vocabulary","text-normative equivalence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the article, the problem of text-normative equivalence has been addressed. It was introduced by W. Koller in 1979, but so far it has not been further developed in the literature. Preserving textual and normative equivalence is particularly important in the translation of law texts. Therefore, the question arises about the parameters of equivalence. The article shows that in law acts such objective parameters are the specific attendance and distribution of lexical resources. They allow for a precise establishment of normative equivalents in the target language.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/04_iluk.pdf","title":"Znaczenie ekwiwalencji tekstowo-normatywnej w przekładzie aktów prawnych i sposoby jej ustalania","title_en":"The importance of text-normative equivalence in the translation of law acts and the ways of its determination","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jan Iluk 189 Łukasz Iluk 190"},{"id":"cf54423a-e08e-5ef3-ae90-3d4995a75789","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/03_hartwich/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Patricia","lastName":"Hartwich","orcid":"0000–0002–2455–0037","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-09-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["mediation","language mediation","Companion Volume","CEFR","foreign language teaching in Poland"],"en":["mediation","language mediation","Companion Volume","CEFR","foreign language teaching in Poland"],"pl":["mediation","language mediation","Companion Volume","CEFR","foreign language teaching in Poland"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The Companion Volume to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), published in German translation in 2020, introduces new scales and descriptors that expand and clarify some of the key concepts of the CEFR. Mediation – one of four communication modes besides reception, production and interaction – is given a prominent role in foreign language teaching and learning processes. This article tries to outline the structure of the concept of mediation as developed in the Companion volume on the basis of the new descriptors, and to discuss it in the context of current program specifications for foreign language teaching in Poland. The aim is to explore the concept’s potential for institutional teaching of German as a foreign language in Polish schools.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/03_hartwich.pdf","title":"Mediation im Fremdsprachenunterricht – die neuen Deskriptoren des Gemeinsamen europäischen Referenzrahmens für Sprachen zum Bereich Mediation und ihr Potenzial für den DaF-Unterricht an polnischen Schulen","title_en":"Mediation in Foreign Language Teaching – The new CEFR descriptors for mediation activities and their potential for GFL teaching in Polish schools","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Patricia Hartwich 191"},{"id":"ca47696c-6ea3-562c-a187-a6cb0cbe801a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/05_kwiatek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ewelina","lastName":"Kwiatek","orcid":"0000–0002–3383–0217","affiliation":{"de":"Pädagogische Universität Krakau","en":"Pedagogical University of Krakow ","pl":"Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-04-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-17T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["photogrammetric dictionary","terminology","glossary","equivalence","conceptual mismatches"],"en":["photogrammetric dictionary","terminology","glossary","equivalence","conceptual mismatches"],"pl":["photogrammetric dictionary","terminology","glossary","equivalence","conceptual mismatches"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper describes a terminology project aimed at creating a fully bilingual English-Polish, Polish-English photogrammetric dictionary that is targeted at both field and language experts. The dictionary includes terms, definitions, full names of terms and their abbreviations, indications of the field to which a term belongs, synonyms, cross-references to related concepts, grammatical information, and equivalents. The starting point for the dictionary was the photogrammetric terminology glossary compiled by Granshaw (2016) from texts published in the “Photogrammetric Record” magazine.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/05_kwiatek.pdf","title":"Translation and terminological challenges encountered in the compilation of the English-Polish, Polish-English photogrammetric dictionary","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ewelina Kwiatek 192"},{"id":"bff6fd62-57d8-5fb5-880c-ff05a94147b4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/06_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["translation techniques","Walter Moers","untranslatability"],"en":["translation techniques","Walter Moers","untranslatability"],"pl":["translation techniques","Walter Moers","untranslatability"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The following article discusses some problems in the translation of the German comic book “Der Fönig” into Polish. The main concern is to define the semantic dominant of the source text correctly and to find any adequate translation possibilities of language phenomena, which could contribute to problems in the translator’s work. As the source text has not been translated into Polish yet, the author presents his own translation proposals of two problematic fragments of the German original.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/06_lesner.pdf","title":"Dokonać niemożliwego, czyli o trudnościach w tłumaczeniu komiksu „Der Fönig” Waltera Moersa na język polski","title_en":"To do the impossible thing – some translation problems in the Polish version of the German comic book “Der Fönig” by Walter Moers","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 193"},{"id":"ff03a851-1977-5303-a42b-1c8d51019e57","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/07_maziarz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Maziarz","orcid":"0000–0003–0569–9036","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-05-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-09-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["foreign languages","German","didactics of translation","curriculum","translation"],"en":["foreign languages","German","didactics of translation","curriculum","translation"],"pl":["foreign languages","German","didactics of translation","curriculum","translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Modern didactics of foreign languages should be based not only on the training of communication competence, which allows to achieve the most important goal of learning – communication in a foreign language, but also on the training of translation competence, which gives wider possibilities for the use of language, e.g. in language mediation. Mediated communication is often more difficult, requiring trust, intercultural competence, understanding of otherness from all participants as well as the responsibility of intermediaries for the final outcome of communication. Anyone can be a “translator” in everyday situations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/07_maziarz.pdf","title":"Miejsce tłumaczenia w uczeniu (się) języka obcego w nowej podstawie programowej kształcenia ogólnego","title_en":"The place of translation in learning a foreign language in the new core curriculum for general education","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Maziarz 194"},{"id":"6facfb55-9d1a-5e56-9409-9d3224089bdb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/08_nowakowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Nowakowska-Głuszak","orcid":"0000–0002–8246–9480","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-01-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-09-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["Spanish-Polish legal translation","capital letters","names","titles of legal acts"],"en":["Spanish-Polish legal translation","capital letters","names","titles of legal acts"],"pl":["Spanish-Polish legal translation","capital letters","names","titles of legal acts"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of this article is to present the problem of capital letters from the perspective of Spanish-Polish legal translations. The focus of the article lies on the titles of legal acts because it allows to show the mutual relations between linguistic, legal and translatory norms. At the beginning the problem of capitalization is presented from a general point of view. This is followed by a contrastive analysis of orthographic rules in Spanish and Polish, which demonstrates visible differences between those two languages. Furthermore, the influence of the extralinguistic factors and the usage created by the community of practice (Wegner 1998) on the translation of specialized texts is explained.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/08_nowakowska.pdf","title":"Wielką czy małą literą, czyli o problemach ortograficznych w tłumaczeniu tekstów specjalistycznych na przykładzie języka polskiego i hiszpańskiego","title_en":"Uppercase or lowercase, about the orthographic problems in Spanish-Polish specialized translation","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Nowakowska-Głuszak 195"},{"id":"17aa2f9b-c262-53d6-a415-e14b4298b517","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/09_paszkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Paszkowska","orcid":"0000–0002–2766–999X","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-04-04T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","film translation","film classic","Sara"],"en":["audiovisual translation","film translation","film classic","Sara"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","film translation","film classic","Sara"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article is devoted to the translation of the film “Sara” done using the voice-over technique and subtitles. The analysed film is one of the Polish classic film productions of the ‘90s. The peculiar character of film dialogues requires that the translator adopts translation techniques which do not conform with technical requirements for selected techniques that are applied in audio-visual translation. The viewer needs to have additional competences including the knowledge of linguistic norms, cinematographic traditions, customs, etc., in order to get a proper understanding of a specific scene.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/09_paszkowska.pdf","title":"Kultowy film a przekład – za i przeciw","title_en":"Film classics versus translation – pros and cons","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Paszkowska 196"},{"id":"088d6a7b-40a6-5fa2-93f5-82358623f391","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/12_sulikowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Joanna","lastName":"Sulikowska-Fajfer","orcid":"0000–0003–4625–8931","affiliation":{"de":"Aleksander-Brückner-Zentrum für Polenstudien Halle","en":"Aleksander Brückner Center for Polish Studies in Halle","pl":"Centrum Studiów Polonoznawczych im. Aleksandra Brücknera w Halle"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-12-09T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["translation","translations strategies","culture translation","Polish literature"],"en":["translation","translations strategies","culture translation","Polish literature"],"pl":["translation","translations strategies","culture translation","Polish literature"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article discusses the strategies that may be used during the process of translation of a literary work. It will be shown that the translators’ choices are context driven. The starting point for an analysis are four theoretical approaches to translation strategies (Markovina 1993, Koller 2004, Gercken 1999 and Hejwowski 2006). The analysis of the translator’s choices will be carried out at the example of Andrzej Stasiuk’s novel “Jak zostałem pisarzem. Próba autobiografii intelektualnej” translated into German by Olaf Kühl.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/12_sulikowska.pdf","title":"Alle Wege führen nach Rom? Die Entscheidungen des Übersetzers Olaf Kühl am Beispiel des Romans „Wie ich Schriftsteller wurde. Versuch einer intellektuellen Autobiographie“ von Andrzej Stasiuk","title_en":"All roads lead to Rome? Olaf Kühl’s translatory decisions on the example of the novel “How I became a writer: an attempt at an intellectual autobiography”","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Joanna Sulikowska-Fajfer 197"},{"id":"14fe01b6-290a-55f6-ab0a-4150e0daafec","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/11_sieradzka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Sieradzka","orcid":"0000–0001–5841–9574","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-05-13T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["university education","German studies","translation theory and practice","translation techniques"],"en":["university education","German studies","translation theory and practice","translation techniques"],"pl":["university education","German studies","translation theory and practice","translation techniques"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper is devoted to selected issues related to the strategies and procedures used in the translation process. It considers the description of the selected classification, i.e. the typology of translation techniques according to Ulrich Kautz, illustrated by numerous examples. The considerations include an evaluation by bachelor students of the Department of German Studies at the University of Rzeszów, concerning the identification/ selection/ application/ verification of translation strategies and techniques in the practical training of translation efficiency and mastering new vocabulary in a given subject area.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/11_sieradzka.pdf","title":"Von den übersetzungswissenschaftlichen Ansätzen bis zum beruflichen Bewusstsein der künftigen Übersetzer. Einige Bemerkungen am Beispiel der Typologie von Übersetzungsverfahren nach Ulrich Kautz","title_en":"From translation theories to the future translators’ professional awareness. Some remarks related to the typology of translation techniques by Ulrich Kautz","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Sieradzka 198"},{"id":"b98c9982-f62c-528f-827f-d9e855aabf57","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/13_stauder/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Andy","lastName":"Stauder","orcid":"0000–0002–2253–0614","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}},{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Ustaszewski","orcid":"0000–0002–2000–5920","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-27T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["translation style","stylometry","subtitles","syntactic complexity","corpus approaches"],"en":["translation style","stylometry","subtitles","syntactic complexity","corpus approaches"],"pl":["translation style","stylometry","subtitles","syntactic complexity","corpus approaches"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In audiovisual translation, stylometry can be used to measure formal-aesthetic fidelity. We present a corpus-based measure of syntactic complexity as a feature of language style. The methodology considers hierarchical dimensions of syntactic complexity, using syllable counting and dependency parsing. The test material are dialogues of several characters from the TV show “Two and a Half Men”. The results show that characters do not differ syntactically among themselves as much as might be expected, and that, despite a general tendency to level differences even more in translation, the changes in syntactic complexity between the original and translation depend mostly on the respective character-feature combination.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/13_stauder.pdf","title":"Syntactic complexity as a stylistic feature of subtitles","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Andy Stauder 199 Michael Ustaszewski 200"},{"id":"56cc4be6-c839-5944-b8e4-018d8bf7cb4f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/14_wysocka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Aneta","lastName":"Wysocka","orcid":"0000–0002–4029–4328","affiliation":{"de":"Maria Curie-Skłodowska-Uniwersität in Lublin","en":"Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2019-12-01T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-27T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["subjectivity of translation","song translation","translator’s individual style","Wojciech Młynarski as a translator","equivalence levels’ hierarchy in translation"],"en":["subjectivity of translation","song translation","translator’s individual style","Wojciech Młynarski as a translator","equivalence levels’ hierarchy in translation"],"pl":["subjectivity of translation","song translation","translator’s individual style","Wojciech Młynarski as a translator","equivalence levels’ hierarchy in translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article discusses the manifestations of subjectivity in the translation of songs created by Wojciech Młynarski, one of the best-known Polish songwriters of the second half of the 20th century. His personalized translation strategies have been presented on examples of Polish translations of the lyrics written by Irving Berlin, Vladimir Vysotsky and Bobby McFerrin. The analyses have shown that Młynarski gave absolute priority to three aspects of translation: prosodic equivalence; equivalence of intentional meaning (pragmatic equivalence) and comparability of the recipients’ aesthetic experiences. Wherever possible, the translator sought equivalence at the lexical-semantic level or at the imaging level, for example, he searched for lexemes or idioms that would evoke a picture similar to the original. However, if it was impossible to reproduce literal meanings or images in the target language, he focused on the three priorities listed above, leaving the other aspects of the original song in the far background.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/14_wysocka.pdf","title":"Linguistic aspects of subjectivity in song translation (in the light of Wojciech Młynarski’s works and self-referential remarks)","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Aneta Wysocka 201"},{"id":"edb86d61-b55b-5fec-994c-052774211a44","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/15_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-18T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/15_gaska.pdf","title":"Literarische Einbettung von Fachsprachlichkeit als Herausforderung für den Übersetzer [Wienen, Ursula (2017): „Translation von Fachsprache in literarischen Texten. Ein deutschromanischer Vergleich“. (Hermeneutik und Kreativität. Band 5) St. Ingbert: Röhrig Universitätsverlag. 490 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 202"},{"id":"c414d59d-10df-5299-a9df-90d3ebc00937","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/10_peljak/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Angelika","lastName":"Peljak-Łapińska","orcid":"0000–0001–6102–1815","affiliation":{"de":"Swansea University","en":"Swansea University","pl":"Uniwersytet w Swansea"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-27T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":["Belarusian","Karatkievich","King Stakh’s Wild Hunt","Relevance Theory","translation"],"en":["Belarusian","Karatkievich","King Stakh’s Wild Hunt","Relevance Theory","translation"],"pl":["Belarusian","Karatkievich","King Stakh’s Wild Hunt","Relevance Theory","translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper takes a relevance-theoretical approach to the English translation of “Дзікае паляванне караля Стаха” (1964), the Belarusian novel written by Uladzìmìr Karatkevìč – “King Stakh’s Wild Hunt” (translated by Mary Mintz, 1989). In doing so, it proposes a different perspective on the alleged ‘untranslatability’ of minority literature. The analysis takes into account various procedures applied to the different elements of the novel and reveals that Mintz makes strategic choices aimed at choosing the best solution for each problem individually.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/10_peljak.pdf","title":"A relevance-theoretical approach to “King Stakh’s Wild Hunt”: translating the Belarusian language and culture","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Angelika Peljak-Łapińska 203"},{"id":"001de256-3e04-5041-9332-87218bfef31d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/16_kazik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karolina","lastName":"Kazik","orcid":"0000–0002–0040–4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/16_kazik.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius‘ Herangehensweise an literarische Texte. Die Lyrik von Tadeusz Różewicz in deutscher Übersetzung [Czechowska, Ilona (2018): „Sprachliche Bilder in den Übersetzungen der Lyrik von Tadeusz Różewicz durch Karl Dedecius“. Dresden: Neisse Verlag. 312 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karolina Kazik 204"},{"id":"4edd7193-f857-5bd7-bd4d-c1fa2d8a3ff4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/11/17_ustaszewski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Ustaszewski","orcid":"0000–0002–2000–5920","affiliation":{"de":"Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet Leopolda i Franciszka w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2020-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2020-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.11-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":11,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/11/17_ustaszewski.pdf","title":"Fantinuoli, Claudio (Hg.) (2018): Interpreting and technology. (Translation and Multilingual Natural Language Processing 11). Berlin: Language Science Press. 149 S.","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2020},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michael Ustaszewski 205"},{"id":"e054cc57-eb88-5a8d-80c1-966f7f258221","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/01_zmudzki/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jerzy","lastName":"Żmudzki","orcid":"0000-0003-3617-5569","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-03-21T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-26T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["foreignness in translation","ontological","semiotic and communication dimension","model of translation situation","translation task","ontological and semiotic transcendence/transcending"],"en":["foreignness in translation","ontological","semiotic and communication dimension","model of translation situation","translation task","ontological and semiotic transcendence/transcending"],"pl":["foreignness in translation","ontological","semiotic and communication dimension","model of translation situation","translation task","ontological and semiotic transcendence/transcending"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The following text transparently shows the specific nature of foreignness in translation by special regard to its ontological and processual relativism within the dynamic model of translation relationship. This article outlines the complex character of foreignness on the one hand and on the other the details of singular operations as translator’s management in the process of translation. The author bases his interpretation on the polish Anthropocentric Theory of Translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/01_zmudzki.pdf","title":"Tłumacza obcowanie z obcością w translacji","title_en":"Translator’s dealing with foreignness in translation","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jerzy Żmudzki 206"},{"id":"c0fd8a64-b9a7-54ae-8d7d-b5f22f95e9fc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/03_li_chen/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Chongyue","lastName":"Li","orcid":"0000-0001-5883-8410","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Jiangsu","en":"Jiangsu University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jiangsu"}},{"firstName":"Xiangmei","lastName":"Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-0420-6079","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Jiangsu","en":"Jiangsu University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jiangsu"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-03-08T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["Santi (The Three-Body Problem)","Ken Liu","translator’s subjectivity","Eco-translatology","selection","adaptation"],"en":["Santi (The Three-Body Problem)","Ken Liu","translator’s subjectivity","Eco-translatology","selection","adaptation"],"pl":["Santi (The Three-Body Problem)","Ken Liu","translator’s subjectivity","Eco-translatology","selection","adaptation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"“The Three-Body Problem”, English version of the Chinese novel “Santi”, is the first translated novel to have received “Hugo Award for Best Novel”, the world’s best laurel for science fiction. This paper studies how the translator Ken Liu’s subjectivity contributed to the success of the translation from the perspective of Eco-translatology. The study focuses on how Ken Liu adapted himself to the translational eco-environment and what translation strategies and skills he selected in the linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions. Moreover, the quality of the translation is evaluated with the criteria proposed in Eco-translatology. With the help of Python, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of readers’ comments on “The Three-Body Problem” is conducted. The research finds that (1) In the adaptation stage, Ken Liu was not passively constrained by the translational eco-environment. His subjectivity based on his bilingual and bicultural competence satisfied both his own internal requirements and the external requirements of the translational eco-environment; (2) In the selection stage, Ken Liu creatively succeeded in achieving the correspondence between the source text and target text in the linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions; (3) The English version of “Santi” has survived in the western translational eco-environment by way of a high degree of holistic adaptation and selection.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/03_li_chen.pdf","title":"Ken Liu’s subjectivity in the English translation of “Santi” from the perspective of Eco-translatology","title_en":"Ken Liu’s subjectivity in the English translation of “Santi” from the perspective of Eco-translatology","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Chongyue Li 207 Xiangmei Chen 208"},{"id":"92310723-7232-5ad9-8eb0-77a5844b0f02","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/02_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000-0003-2539-1936","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}},{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000-0003-1741-8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku Białej"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["translation of legal acts","translational approaches","quality of translation","translational dispositions"],"en":["translation of legal acts","translational approaches","quality of translation","translational dispositions"],"pl":["translation of legal acts","translational approaches","quality of translation","translational dispositions"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The introductory part of the paper discusses legal sources and court rulings in relation to the assessment of the quality and principles of translation of written texts. The main part contains a critical analysis of selected translational dispositions contained in the Professional Code of a sworn translator and their impact on the approach to the translation of legal and other texts.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/02_iluk.pdf","title":"Wierność przekładu z perspektywy źródeł prawa oraz Kodeksu zawodowego tłumaczy przysięgłych","title_en":"Accuracy of translation from the perspective of legal sources and the Professional Code of Sworn Translators","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jan Iluk 209 Łukasz Iluk 210"},{"id":"2e91dea8-6838-5e6c-9141-6c51f21da9b6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/05_czubinska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Czubińska","orcid":"0000-0002-8929-488X","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität Posen","en":"Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","pl":"Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-01-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["deafness","deaf studies","drama","sign language","theatrical translation","surtitles"],"en":["deafness","deaf studies","drama","sign language","theatrical translation","surtitles"],"pl":["deafness","deaf studies","drama","sign language","theatrical translation","surtitles"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Over the past few years, we have witnessed in Poland the discovery of the performative potential of sign language by theatre makers, which translates into a growing number of performances staged in this language. Due to the experimental nature of the performances, their translation/interpretation also takes new and creative forms. The aim of this article is to analyze the role “played” by translation in productions staged in sign language, and to show how both actors, interpreters and audience step out of their stereotypical roles. Two performances will serve as sources of examples for the analysis – first one is performance directed by Wojtek Ziemilski entitled “Jeden gest” (2016), produced at Nowy Teatr in Warsaw, and the second one is “Nie mów nikomu” (2016) – a performance by Adam Ziajski staged at Centrum Rezydencji Teatralnej Scena Robocza in Poznań. In the analyzed performances, regardless of the translation method, the act of translation is deeply rooted in the structure of the performance, marking its various layers – from the visual to the narrative level. The following analysis of the ways of using various methods of translation/interpretation will be conducted on three levels: the presence of specific forms of translation/interpretation on stage, the redefinition of stereotypical roles of the translator/interpreter, the actor and the audience, and the reception of this type of innovative performances by the audience.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/05_czubinska.pdf","title":"Wokół metod przekładu i ról aktora-tłumacza w spektaklach wystawianych w języku migowym","title_en":"Methods of interpretation and roles of the actor-interpreter in sign language performances","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Czubińska 211"},{"id":"ef0da2fc-e7d5-52f1-8d40-e251071713b3","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/06_kembou/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Edmond","lastName":"Kembou","orcid":"0000-0002-8670-103X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Hildesheim","en":"University of Hildesheim","pl":"Uniwersytet Hildesheim"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-12-27T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["hybridity","explicit","implicit","translation","function","purpose"],"en":["hybridity","explicit","implicit","translation","function","purpose"],"pl":["hybridity","explicit","implicit","translation","function","purpose"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Today, hybridity has become a topic of interest in translation, especially when it comes to translating literature from postcolonial contexts. This is, for instance, the case with French-speaking African literature, where several authors embed a hybrid language in their writing, thus producing multilingual literary works. From a translation perspective, literary productions adopting this writing style expose the translator to a major challenge: translating not only from a single language into another, but also from two or more languages into another. The difficulty is compounded by the explicitness and implicitness of hybridity features. This article seeks to explore the explicitness and implicitness of (linguistic) hybridity in literature and its implication for translation. It uses French-speaking African literature to illustrate both concepts.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/06_kembou.pdf","title":"Explicitness and implicitness of (linguistic) hybridity in translation","title_en":"Explicitness and implicitness of (linguistic) hybridity in translation","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Edmond Kembou 212"},{"id":"4d575379-b9f3-58e4-ac59-3034a86dc56c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/08_michon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcin","lastName":"Michoń","orcid":"0000-0002-5670-9559","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-19T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["translation process","eye tracking","game localization","source text","CAT","multimodality"],"en":["translation process","eye tracking","game localization","source text","CAT","multimodality"],"pl":["translation process","eye tracking","game localization","source text","CAT","multimodality"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper aims to describe the current methods in process-oriented research of translation and to show the distinctive nature of computer game localization. A localization assignment confronts the translator with multi-modal material. On the one hand, it means concentration on the verbal content, but on the other hand this verbal layer and other semiotic channels interpenetrate one another and need to be taken into account together as equally important parts of the communicational goal. The paper evaluates the technical instruments and methods of translation process analysis. The study of such instruments and methods should be conducted in an environment that is as neutral and as close to the reality of the translation process as possible, with access to common tools used by translators, including digital sources and computer-bound translation aids. The translation process research data available today give an overview of the methods used for observing the steps in the process, the decisions made by the translators and the usability of their tools. The research focus here is on the decision making and perception in the transfer of verbal content to the multisemiotic and transmedia context. The examples provided in the paper refer to the specific problems encountered in the author’s pilot study simulating a translation task aimed at localizing narration and dialogues for a popular computer game that has been very successful worldwide.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/08_michon.pdf","title":"Datenerhebung im Lokalisierungsprozess von Computerspielen – zur Vorbereitung einer Studie","title_en":"On data collection in the process of computer game localization: On preparation of a study","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcin Michoń 213"},{"id":"944a4554-cc5d-54f3-803a-f2ed2e8a88b5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/07_kudla/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Dominik","lastName":"Kudła","orcid":"0000–0001–5738–9852","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-01-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["video game localization","video games in Poland","localization into Polish","video game distribution"],"en":["video game localization","video games in Poland","localization into Polish","video game distribution"],"pl":["video game localization","video games in Poland","localization into Polish","video game distribution"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The primary focus of the present article is the development of practices aimed at creating new language versions of video games in Poland. The historical outline concentrates on various forms that video game localization practices took throughout the years and juxtaposes them with global localization trends. Firstly, the initial attempts in the 1980s are discussed. Some of those projects were just adaptations of video games developed outside Poland and were not officially called localizations. Next, the first official distributing companies in Poland of the 1990s are described. The topic of gaming magazine articles which in the final decade of 20th century resembled user manuals is also discussed. Then the focus is on the first official localizations involving voice acting. After that, the process of illegal video game localization in Poland is discussed with the multifarious forms it took, the manners of combatting this phenomenon and a variety of examples. Later the turn of the centuries is depicted. This period witnessed numerous successful Polish localizations, which were prepared with considerable attachment to the quality of translation. The first decade of 21st century was the time when most Polish localization companies were established. The change of localization approach at the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century is discussed further. The 2010s provided more examples for partial localizations. The possible reasons for such an approach are also provided. However, these were also the times of a constantly growing number of English localizations of games developed in Poland. Subsequently, the discrepancy between the localizations commissioned by larger and independent companies are compared. Finally, the developments of the early 2020s are shown.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/07_kudla.pdf","title":"History of video game localization in Poland","title_en":"History of video game localization in Poland","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Dominik Kudła 214"},{"id":"8dbeaafe-1934-55c7-99b2-5b3f1cb0477e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/10_jakuc/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karina","lastName":"Jakuć","orcid":"0000-0002-1746-5280","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["translation","puns","Viktor Pelevin","meaningful names"],"en":["translation","puns","Viktor Pelevin","meaningful names"],"pl":["translation","puns","Viktor Pelevin","meaningful names"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article is devoted to the problem of the translation of the meaningful anthroponyms in Pelevin’s novels. The paper shows names and families that were hard to covert from Russian into the Polish language because of many factors. Presented elements are always a challenge for translators. The author created them because of specific word associations and ambiguity. The described elements are also elements of the category of foreignness, which can be difficult to perceive for the readers of the translation. The emphasis is put on the translator’s imagination and creative individual approach to each lexical element and its function in the text. The essential thing is the perspective of recipients with a different cultural background.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/10_jakuc.pdf","title":"O tłumaczeniu antroponimów intencjonalnych (na materiale powieści Wiktora Pielewina)","title_en":"On the translation of the meaningful anthroponyms (in the novels by Viktor Pelevin)","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karina Jakuć 215"},{"id":"6d6b04f1-971d-5d57-8920-ba7eb21e245d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/11_jelen/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Krzysztof","lastName":"Jeleń","orcid":"0000-0001-6347-3444","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-12-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["point of view","humour","Szymborska","poetry translation"],"en":["point of view","humour","Szymborska","poetry translation"],"pl":["point of view","humour","Szymborska","poetry translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article deals with the problem of poetry translation and a serious difficulty to build up the same point of view in Russian translations of a polyphonic poem “A Little Girl Tugs at the Tablecloth” by Wisława Szymborska. The main aim was to present how problematic it is to save some compositional concepts which have an impact on a sense of humour which is present in Szymborska’s poem. A contrastive analysis of the original text and its translations into Russian shows that despite many similarities between Polish and Russian some grammatical structures are really difficult to express in the target language. As a result, two different points of view are not as much visible in every translation. Psychological perspective and research concerning language acquisition are used to describe characteristic features of child and adult language, and to identify some specific traits in the original text and its translation which serve to create an impression that in some parts of the poem the reader may hear different voices belonging to a child and an adult. Applying verbs and nouns in particular parts of the poem to show more active or passive viewpoint or using metaphors and diminutive nouns to contrast child’s curiosity and creativity with adult’s knowledge and experience are some of linguistic challenges for a translator. The conducted analysis shows how differently three Russian translators tried to express humour and different perspectives which are important for the poem’s reception in the target language.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/11_jelen.pdf","title":"Punkt widzenia jako element kształtujący poczucie humoru w wierszu Wisławy Szymborskiej „Mała dziewczynka ściąga obrus” – analiza oryginału i rosyjskiego tłumaczenia","title_en":"The point of view as an element creating a sense of humour in Wisława Szymborska’s poem “A Little Girl Tugs at the Tablecloth”: An analysis of the original text and Russian translations","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Krzysztof Jeleń 216"},{"id":"41bed27e-0272-5a4f-929d-4331a84d58f0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/12_kruglik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Kruglik","orcid":"0000-0002-2001-6611","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["translation","Nighter","fantasy","vulgarism","lexis"],"en":["translation","Nighter","fantasy","vulgarism","lexis"],"pl":["translation","Nighter","fantasy","vulgarism","lexis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article is devoted to translation of substandard lexis, i.e., words and expressions that do not fit into the standard language. It is stylistically lowered, violating linguistic and cultural taboos. The material for the analysis was the novel “Nighter” by M. Kozak and its translation into Russian and English. In most cases, the Russian translator adopted a strategy of euphemisms, which causes that there are not as many expressions as in Polish, and it does not correspond to the author’s intention. The English translation conveys the original author’s intentions much better.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/12_kruglik.pdf","title":"O przekładzie leksyki podstandardowej (na materiale powieści „Nocarz” Magdaleny Kozak)","title_en":"On the translation of substandard lexis (in the novel “Nighter” by Magdalena Kozak)","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Kruglik 217"},{"id":"3a4828bb-3720-58fd-807c-a7223feb16d1","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/04_vitucci/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Francesco","lastName":"Vitucci","orcid":"0000-0003-3907-8377","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Bologna","en":"Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University","pl":"Uniwersytet Boloński"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-03-02T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["prosubs","interlingual subtitling","Japanese-Italian subtitling","punctuation"],"en":["prosubs","interlingual subtitling","Japanese-Italian subtitling","punctuation"],"pl":["prosubs","interlingual subtitling","Japanese-Italian subtitling","punctuation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This contribution intends to investigate punctuation in the prosubs of the Japanese feature film “Manbiki Kazoku” (Kore’eda Hirokazu, 2018) by comparing it with the English, Italian, French and Spanish versions in order to trace trends and points of contact between the four European languages and the original Japanese version. Contrary to expectations, punctuation has not always been the subject of in-depth investigations in the context of audiovisual translation studies since the phenomenon has often remained linked to idiosyncratic uses that are not always shared or shareable by broadcasters, subtitlers, and clients. As recalled in many recent studies, the rules of punctuation differ considerably from one language to another and the subtitles – for the purposes of fluency and readability – should avoid imitating punctuation practices that do not belong to the target languages. This study shows how subtitling that does not start from the original source texts and that – while respecting the translation practice – refuses to make use of punctuation, assuming that what must be translated is the mere syntactic-semantic content of the texts, cannot be sustainable.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/04_vitucci.pdf","title":"Interpunctive analysis in the interlingual subtitles of “Manbiki kazoku” (2018, Kore’eda Hirokazu): A comparison between Japanese and four European languages","title_en":"Interpunctive analysis in the interlingual subtitles of “Manbiki kazoku” (2018, Kore’eda Hirokazu): A comparison between Japanese and four European languages","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Francesco Vitucci 218"},{"id":"6063b2e5-c600-550f-a185-960a6ed6cfe4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/09_zysko_wojcik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Konrad","lastName":"Żyśko","orcid":"0000-0002-7193-7832","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität","en":"Maria Curie-Sklodowska University","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}},{"firstName":"Hubert","lastName":"Wójcik","orcid":"0000-0001-5653-1554","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-03-12T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-15T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["dialect translation","William Faulkner","polyphony","otherness"],"en":["dialect translation","William Faulkner","polyphony","otherness"],"pl":["dialect translation","William Faulkner","polyphony","otherness"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper discusses Polish translations of “The Sound and the Fury” by William Faulkner, which, being a polyphonic novel, relies heavily on the use of linguistic varieties, especially geographical dialects. The article surveys selected approaches to the functions of dialects in literature and outlines the major strategies of dealing with linguistic variation in translation. Examples are drawn from the Polish translations of “The Sound and the Fury” by Anna Przedpełska-Trzeciakowska (1971) and Jędrzej Polak (1993), which highlight the translators’ changing assumptions on the dialect markedness as reflected in the choice of the strategy and particular linguistic features of translation. Both a qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed, leading to a conclusion that there are significant differences between the translators’ choices and the overall markedness of dialects in the Polish texts. We conclude that Polak’s overall style is more diverse and more colourful, thus more faithfully grounded in the grim reality of Yoknapatawpha County in the first half of the 20th century, and closer to the polyphonic character of the original.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/09_zysko_wojcik.pdf","title":"Translating voices in a polyphonic novel: A contrastive analysis of Polish renditions of dialect in “The Sound and the Fury” by William Faulkner","title_en":"Translating voices in a polyphonic novel: A contrastive analysis of Polish renditions of dialect in “The Sound and the Fury” by William Faulkner","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Konrad Żyśko 219 Hubert Wójcik 220"},{"id":"b7f7fdb8-94aa-58c2-ab7c-15901b3aa9f4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/14_hartwich/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Patricia","lastName":"Hartwich","orcid":"0000-0002-2455-0037","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-05-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/14_hartwich.pdf","title":"Elementy trzeciej kultury w translacji [Michał Gąska (2021). „Elementy trzeciej kultury w procesie tłumaczenia prozy Holenderskich Indii Wschodnich na języki polski i niemiecki”. Kraków: Universitas. 276 ss.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Patricia Hartwich 221"},{"id":"55d71c61-1e34-5081-8165-b70b3cb37317","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/15_maziarz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Maziarz","orcid":"0000-0003-0569-9036","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-06-09T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/15_maziarz.pdf","title":"Czy polska szkoła tłumaczy? O tłumaczeniu w nauczaniu języka niemieckiego jako obcego w polskich szkołach ponadpodstawowych [Hartwich, Patricia (2020). „Übersetzen im Unterricht Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Sprachwechselbasierte Aktivitäten im Deutschunterricht an polnischen Mittelstufenschlen”. Dresden–Wrocław: Neisse Verlag & Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT. 200 ss.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Maziarz 222"},{"id":"3ee502c3-0c5b-5306-bb3c-5f19ccdeff61","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/01_schreiber/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Schreiber","orcid":"0000–0002–0538–9356","affiliation":{"de":"Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (Germersheim)","en":"University of Mainz (Germersheim)","pl":"Uniwersytet Jana Gutenberga w Moguncji (Germersheim)"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["translation policy","language policy","multilingualism","French Revolution","European Union"],"en":["translation policy","language policy","multilingualism","French Revolution","European Union"],"pl":["translation policy","language policy","multilingualism","French Revolution","European Union"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The language policy of the French Revolution is known today especially for the imposition of the national language and the oppression of the regional languages in France. In my contribution, I want to focus on a less known aspect: the translation policy. From 1790 on, several decrees stipulated the translation of national laws and decrees into the regional languages in France and other European languages. I will compare this translation policy with the policy of multilingualism within the institutions of the European Union. I will argue that there are some interesting similarities and some major differences.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/01_schreiber.pdf","title":"Die Übersetzungspolitik der Französischen Revolution: Europäische Mehrsprachigkeitspolitik ante litteram?","title_en":"The translation policy of the French Revolution: A European policy of multilingualism ante litteram?","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michael Schreiber 223"},{"id":"3bef6082-9142-5fbb-a033-65a5c3005cb7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/13/13_prysok/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Monika","lastName":"Prysok","orcid":"0000-0001-9264-410X","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2022-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2022-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2022-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.13-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":13,"keywords":{"de":["conceptual metaphor","translation","English","Spanish"],"en":["conceptual metaphor","translation","English","Spanish"],"pl":["conceptual metaphor","translation","English","Spanish"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Love is an abstract concept, and therefore it is often understood and discussed metaphorically. The aim of this paper is to identify conceptual metaphors of love in English-Spanish and Spanish-English literary translations, and to investigate the ways they change in the rendering process. The study is based on authentic literary texts and their translations included in the CLUVI parallel corpus, compiled at the University of Vigo (Spain). By applying cognitive and corpus linguistics methodology, it identifies various source domains, both with positive and negative connotations in metaphors such as LOVE IS AN OBJECT/SUBSTANCE (A REWARD, AN OBJECT OF VALUE), LOVE IS A CONTAINER, LOVE IS A LIVING BEING (A PLANT, AN ANIMAL/BEAST, A PERSON, HUNGER), LOVE IS WAR (AN ENEMY, A WEAPON, A BATTLEFIELD), LOVE IS A TRAP, LOVE IS ILLNESS or MADNESS, LOVE IS FIRE, LOVE IS WATER, LOVE IS A JOURNEY, and LOVE IS MUSIC. It also analyses techniques used by translators in the process of recreating the original text in another language, that is: preserving the same metaphor, using another metaphor to express the same meaning, paraphrase, and omission. In some cases, a metaphoric expression appears in the translation, despite being absent in the source text.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/13/13_prysok.pdf","title":"Metaphors of love in English-Spanish literary translation. A corpus-based study","title_en":"Metaphors of love in English-Spanish literary translation. A corpus-based study","type":"article","year":2022},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Monika Prysok 224"},{"id":"ca4a24e8-11f6-5ecb-b700-b1b4f768bb1c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/02_malgorzewicz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Małgorzewicz","orcid":"0000–0001–5366–3957","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["human action","translation action","translation strategy","translation purpose"],"en":["human action","translation action","translation strategy","translation purpose"],"pl":["human action","translation action","translation strategy","translation purpose"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper discusses the structure of a translation action. The concept of a linguistic action proposed by Jerzy Żmudzki within the model of the expanded translation setting offers a starting point for this discussion. The above-mentioned concept was confronted with other function-oriented translation models and with philosophical-praxeological concepts of human action. By referring to Aristotle’s philosophical concepts, it was possible to determine elements of human action categorized by Żmudzki on the basis of his empirical research. To describe the translation action, it was also important to analyze praxeological models explaining the reality changed by a particular action. Elements that emerge from these models have a fundamental meaning for the construction of a translation strategy. This has been empirically proven in research carried out by Żmudzki. The paper provides conclusive arguments for the necessity of perceiving translation as a strategically conditioned linguistic action. Such a concept of translation should form the basis for determining of translation teaching aims.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/02_malgorzewicz.pdf","title":"Translationshandlung an der Schnittstelle zwischen philosophisch-praxeologischen Ansätzen und der Konzeption des erweiterten Translationsgefüges","title_en":"Translation action at the interface of philosophical-praxeological approaches and the concept of the expanded translation setting","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Małgorzewicz 225"},{"id":"8a58502a-2bd6-550b-813d-feefb05f9d0a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/03_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["translation modalities","fidelity","freedom","foreignness","third culture elements"],"en":["translation modalities","fidelity","freedom","foreignness","third culture elements"],"pl":["translation modalities","fidelity","freedom","foreignness","third culture elements"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The present article aims to scrutinize the translators’ strategic approaches to the third culture elements. The analysis is being conducted in the light of the translation modalities according to Żmudzki (2015a; 2015b): the possible fidelity to the source-text and the necessary freedom from the source-text. For this purpose the novel “Rubber” (1931) written by the Dutch writer Madelon Székely-Lulofs and its renderings into English (1933) by Gustaaf Johannes Renier and Irene Clephane and into German (1934) by Walther Hjalmar Kotas have been analysed. The confrontative analysis of the translation techniques used with regard to the third culture elements shows two different approaches of the translators. Furthermore, in case of the English rendering the question arises, whether the limit of the necessary freedom from the source-text has not been exceeded, i.e. whether the English version can still be considered a translation or rather an adaptation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/03_gaska.pdf","title":"„Djangan, njô… tida boleh njô!” – Zu den Translationsmodalitäten im Hinblick auf Elemente der dritten Kultur","title_en":"“Djangan, njô… tida boleh njô!” – On the translation modalities with regard to the third culture elements","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 226"},{"id":"681f7245-3d6d-5614-a4c0-8a02f1579529","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/04_proczkowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kwiryna","lastName":"Proczkowska","orcid":"0000–0003–2026–142X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-05-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["anthropocentric translation studies","addressee","recipient","translation of comedies","cultural reference"],"en":["anthropocentric translation studies","addressee","recipient","translation of comedies","cultural reference"],"pl":["anthropocentric translation studies","addressee","recipient","translation of comedies","cultural reference"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper discusses the subject of an addressee in a translation setting as understood by Jerzy Żmudzki. In this anthropocentric approach, translation addressees possess particular set of skills and specific knowledge that translators need to take into consideration. Since texts aren’t translated just for the sake of translation as an activity, translated texts should be perceived as messages that are meant for specific people. At the beginning of the paper, terms “addressee” and “recipient” are distinguished. Then, the author discusses what kind of information about addressees translators need to analyse before coming up with their translation. Furthermore, specific examples are examined in order to illustrate how addressees’ knowledge, preferences, and understanding of source culture should be taken into consideration by translators. All examples have been taken from audiovisual material, specifically from audiovisual comedies. The shows/films include “Gilmore Girls”, “Shrek”, “Shrek 2”, “How I Met Your Mother”, “2 Broke Girls”, “The Big Bang Theory”, “Modern Family”. The author pays attention also to the challenges of audiovisual translation in regard to the discussed topic. Taking into consideration all qualities of target addressees for whom the translation is being made is important when it comes to ensuring quality of the translation and fulfilling communicative function of the translated text.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/04_proczkowska.pdf","title":"Adresatywne ukierunkowanie translacji w tłumaczeniu komedii audiowizualnych","title_en":"Addressee-oriented approach in translation of audiovisual comedies","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kwiryna Proczkowska 227"},{"id":"cf3dde31-409e-5396-8d47-edd0540ea730","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/08_stadnik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Stadnik","orcid":"0000–0002–9771–3677","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität in Lublin","en":"Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-04-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["Cognitive Linguistics","Julian of Norwich’s “Revelations of Divine Love”","the translator’s sociocultural situatedness","Translator Studies"],"en":["Cognitive Linguistics","Julian of Norwich’s “Revelations of Divine Love”","the translator’s sociocultural situatedness","Translator Studies"],"pl":["Cognitive Linguistics","Julian of Norwich’s “Revelations of Divine Love”","the translator’s sociocultural situatedness","Translator Studies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The Cultural Turn in Translation Studies sparked researchers’ interest not only in the translation as a cultural and sociological phenomenon, but also in the translator as an agent, rather than a figure who should fade into invisibility. Accordingly, the translator’s cognitive activity is seen as situated in their physical, social and cultural environment. The paper adopts a Cognitive Linguistic approach to the translator’s sociocultural situatedness, showing how it may bear on the translator’s linguistic choices. The paper concludes that to obtain a complete picture of the translator’s activity, it is necessary to illuminate and explore the interconnection of language, cognition and culture.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/08_stadnik.pdf","title":"A Cognitive Linguistic account of the translator’s sociocultural situatedness and its role in the translation of a medieval devotional text into Present-Day English","title_en":"A Cognitive Linguistic account of the translator’s sociocultural situatedness and its role in the translation of a medieval devotional text into Present-Day English","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Stadnik 228"},{"id":"fdb36cea-9894-5887-8b43-025f5325992b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/07_klos/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Sylwia","lastName":"Klos","orcid":"0000–0003–3239–844X","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-02-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["humor","mind","translation","developmental psychology","children’s literature"],"en":["humor","mind","translation","developmental psychology","children’s literature"],"pl":["humor","mind","translation","developmental psychology","children’s literature"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In my article, based on the research carried out by Jean Piaget and Paul McGhee (and others), I would like to focus on how children understand humor at different stages of their psychological development. Such knowledge on developmental psychology can turn out indispensable while translating humor in the literature devoted to children. Younger children will appreciate linguistic humor based on phonological ambiguity as they like playing with sounds. Early school children will recognize ambiguous word meanings and therefore will be able to enjoy semantic dimensions of the humorous texts. The theoretical part of the article will be supported by some examples of translations of wordplays from English into Polish and Portuguese in European and Brazilian versions taken from “Alice in Wonderland” by Lewis Carroll.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/07_klos.pdf","title":"Cognitive development and humor processing in children – how knowledge on children’s capacity to detect and interpret humor can suport the translator in the translation process","title_en":"Cognitive development and humor processing in children – how knowledge on children’s capacity to detect and interpret humor can support the translator in the translation process","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Sylwia Klos 229"},{"id":"6400f474-d4d1-5d71-b140-cbf8085347f2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/09_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–1741–8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku Białej"}},{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–2539–1936","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-02T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["the language of law","feminization of language","translation strategies","feminatives"],"en":["the language of law","feminization of language","translation strategies","feminatives"],"pl":["the language of law","feminization of language","translation strategies","feminatives"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The masculine names used in legal regulations make women invisible. Since the 80 years of the last century, the process of their de-masculinization has begun in German-speaking countries. The first part of the article discusses the statutory regulations guaranteeing gender symmetry in the language of law and administration in Switzerland, Germany, Austria and its consistent application. The legal status in this matter in Poland is completely different. It preserves the androcentric character of the Polish language of law and thus excludes the possibility of using feminatives in personnel documents or administrative decisions. The second part of the article examines the possibilities of translating the feminine forms of names of the addressees of legal norms into Polish. In the translational literature, this topic is not taken into consideration There are no rules for their translation in translational guides. The article presents two translational approaches and their effects, because they either violate the principle of fidelity of translation or the nomination used in Polish. The specific problems of translating feminatives into this language result from systemic limitations in their creation, strong stylistic characteristics and the continuing tendency to masculinize the titles and names of professions in Poland.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/09_iluk.pdf","title":"Przekład niemieckojęzycznych feminatywów w regulacjach prawnych na język polski","title_en":"Translating German-language feminatives in legal regulations into Polish","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Iluk 230 Jan Iluk 231"},{"id":"4fbc70df-30fe-5fa8-9ad5-cb8c8d722d04","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/06_guldanova/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zuzana","lastName":"Guldanová","orcid":"0000–0002–3883–3281","affiliation":{"de":"Comenius-Universität Bratislava","en":"Comenius University in Bratislava","pl":"Uniwersytet Komeńskiego w Bratysławie"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["court interpreting","court translation","defective source text","concept “Garbage in, garbage out” in translation","interpreting and translation strategy"],"en":["court interpreting","court translation","defective source text","concept “Garbage in, garbage out” in translation","interpreting and translation strategy"],"pl":["court interpreting","court translation","defective source text","concept “Garbage in, garbage out” in translation","interpreting and translation strategy"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The management of errors or defects of the source text is limited by the provisions of the Act on Experts, Interpreters and Translators in force in the Slovak Republic. The translator can choose different approaches, while it must be oriented according to the communicative situation, follow the requirements of the client – from the principle of “garbage in, garbage out” to active error correction. The fact that it is an (oral) interpretation or a (written) translation can also play an important role. All options have pitfalls and the choice of a solution requires a dynamic approach and an experienced translator. This paper deals with defects and errors in the source text in court interpretation and translation, especially in the conditions defined by the legislation of the Slovak Republic. It presents professionally satisfactory solutions from the point of view of the interpreter and translator, as well as the expectations of judges, which are the results of surveys.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/06_guldanova.pdf","title":"Die Behandlung defekter Ausgangstexte im Rahmen des Gerichtsdolmetschens und –übersetzens in der Slowakei","title_en":"Management of defective source text in the framework of court interpretation and translation in Slovakia","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zuzana Guldanová 232"},{"id":"046b68ed-90b4-5896-88e5-0689917a7fcb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/10_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Łukasz","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–1741–8350","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule für Finanzen und Recht in Bielsko-Biała","en":"Bielsko-Biała School of Finances and Law","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku Białej"}},{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000–0003–2539–1936","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-04-13T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["legal language","formulaic expressions","translation","documentary translation"],"en":["legal language","formulaic expressions","translation","documentary translation"],"pl":["legal language","formulaic expressions","translation","documentary translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Legal, judicial, notarial or administrative texts are characterized by a high level of linguistic standardization. It is determined by tradition and regulations that impose the structure of texts, the use of appropriate terminology and the linguistic shape of specific contents. The linguistic exponents of standardization are ready-made, repetitive and reproducible verbal formulas. They are characterized by stability on the lexical and syntactic plane, constant position in the text, occurrence in similar communicative situations. Quantitative research confirms the high saturation of legal texts and legal practice with repetitive strings of words. Before formulating the rules for the translation of verbal formulas in the language of law, the recommendation of the legal and linguistic services responsible for the correct and uniform translation of international treaties and legal acts and the views of translation theorists are presented. They are extremely divergent in this matter. The arguments cited and the examples of defective translations suggest that the translation of legal formulas should be guided by functional equivalence, even if they differ on the lexical and syntactic levels, as long as they concern comparable procedural activities. An important issue in their translation is the ability to identify a given sequence of words as formulaic expressions.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/10_iluk.pdf","title":"Przekład formuł słownych w tekstach prawodawczych, traktatowych i praktyki prawniczej","title_en":"Translation of word formulas in legislative as well as treaty texts and legal practice","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Łukasz Iluk 233 Jan Iluk 234"},{"id":"7b214efe-563a-59a6-bf29-e9ca932a8acd","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/11_tymoszuk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Tymoszuk","orcid":"0000–0001–7801–200X","affiliation":{"de":"Maria-Curie-Skłodowska-Universität in Lublin","en":"Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin","pl":"Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["translation of a comic book","typography","graphic novel","emotions in translation"],"en":["translation of a comic book","typography","graphic novel","emotions in translation"],"pl":["translation of a comic book","typography","graphic novel","emotions in translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the art of comics, emotions are conveyed both on the linguistic and graphic level. On the graphic level, the emotional purport of the text is visualized by means of typography. This medium – characteristic mainly of comic books – is capable of communicating a whole range of information. The font, its proportions and direction, as well as spacing and outline of letters, enable the reader to understand and even share in the emotions of characters, expressing the intensity, tone and modulations of their voice. However, unreflective employment of typographic components, or their omission – intentional or not – from the process of translation may lead to translatorial modifications, and, what follows, misinterpretations, which influence the reception of the translated work in the recipient culture. The present text will analyze the Polish translation of the German graphic novel “Kinderland”, paying particular attention to the typographic aspects of the work.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/11_tymoszuk.pdf","title":"Gezähmt in Translation. Typographische Elemente in der Übersetzung der Graphic Novel „Kinderland“ ins Polnische","title_en":"Polished in translation. Typographic aspects of the translation of a graphic novel “Kinderland” into Polish","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Tymoszuk 235"},{"id":"0d4eaa60-53c9-5629-8563-797e3756d944","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/05_grzeszczakowska-pawlikowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Beata","lastName":"Grzeszczakowska-Pawlikowska","orcid":"0000–0003–2252–5038","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["oral communication","foreign accent","teaching of pronunciation","professional interpreter training","phonetic comprehensibility"],"en":["oral communication","foreign accent","teaching of pronunciation","professional interpreter training","phonetic comprehensibility"],"pl":["oral communication","foreign accent","teaching of pronunciation","professional interpreter training","phonetic comprehensibility"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Interpreting situations are, by definition, anchored in oral performance and must be understood as whole communicative events which are constituted at verbal, paraverbal and nonverbal levels. In the – per se intercultural – interpreting situation, transfer into the foreign language may well mean that one is confronted with a foreign accent. Although accent-free pronunciation is not an institutional requirement for professional interpreters in Poland, nonetheless, given that the aim of interpreting is the smooth functioning of a comprehensive processes, they are certainly expected to demonstrate a high level of comprehensibility when transmitting information orally. Against this background, this contribution makes the case for the targeted, institutionally guaranteed teaching of pronunciation skills as part of professional interpreter training. In this context, the discussion will explore which concrete aspects should be systematically addressed in the first place, and which methodology is appropriate. In intercultural interpreting scenarios phonetic comprehensibility is the primary and most basic prerequisite for understanding orally transmitted content and this objective should therefore be prioritized.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/05_grzeszczakowska-pawlikowska.pdf","title":"Ein Plädoyer für die Vermittlung von Aussprachekompetenz in der Dolmetscherausbildung","title_en":"Making the case for the teaching of pronunciation skills in interpreter training programmes’","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Beata Grzeszczakowska-Pawlikowska 236"},{"id":"0de38907-e1ea-5a6d-8808-a7f8bc7f17db","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/14_jakuc/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karina","lastName":"Jakuć","orcid":"0000–0002–1746–5280","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["Pelevin","literary translation","neologisms","puns"],"en":["Pelevin","literary translation","neologisms","puns"],"pl":["Pelevin","literary translation","neologisms","puns"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article is devoted to translation problems of Victor Pielevin’s novel “Pineapple Water for the Fair Lady”. Only selected aspects of Viktor Pielevin’s prose were analyzed and they consist of sentences that were hard to covert from Russian into the Polish language because of many factors. The presented elements are mainly neologisms which are always a challenge for translators. They were created by the author because of specific words associations or sounds similarities. Attention was also paid to puns. The article presents information on puns which have not been translated into Polish language, the cause of it and how the analyzed examples can be interpreted by readers in a different cultural space. The present article proposes a general discussion about the issue of translating Viktor Pielevin’s prose, as well as outlining ways to cope with difficulties occurring in the translation process.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/14_jakuc.pdf","title":"„Napój ananasowy dla pięknej damy” Wiktora Pielewina w polskim przekładzie. Wybrane aspekty","title_en":"“Pineapple Water for the Fair Lady” by Victor Pelevin in Polish translation. Selected aspects","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karina Jakuć 237"},{"id":"1691c649-9981-506b-b689-24076bd2177e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/13_kruglik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Kruglik","orcid":"0000–0002–2001–6611","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["translation","Polish science fiction","Perfect imperfection","linguistic experiments","Dukaj"],"en":["translation","Polish science fiction","Perfect imperfection","linguistic experiments","Dukaj"],"pl":["translation","Polish science fiction","Perfect imperfection","linguistic experiments","Dukaj"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article is devoted to the problem of translating science fiction. Such problems are usually determined by the fact that the texts of this genre are repleted with scientific terminology, descriptions of new technologies and their application. The world depicted in fantastic literature has a typical ontological status. In order to achieve the desired adequacy, the translator must demonstrate not only knowledge of the principles of fiction translation but also additional competencies. The material for the analysis comes from the novel “Perfect imperfection” by Jacek Dukaj is an example of science fiction literature, orientated to technological progress ideas. This novel can be studied in a multifaceted way. In this article, however, the research area has been narrowed down to some linguistic innovation and language games, which will be analyzed in the Polish-Russian translation aspect.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/13_kruglik.pdf","title":"Językowe eksperymenty Jacka Dukaja i ich odzwierciedlenie w przekładzie (na materiale powieści „Perfekcyjna niedoskonałość”)","title_en":"Jacek Dukaj’s linguistic experiments and their reflection in the translation (on the material of the novel “Perfect imperfection”)","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Kruglik 238"},{"id":"02e70fe4-3d44-5f46-b49c-bea0634e7000","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/15_gasek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Bogumił","lastName":"Gasek","orcid":"0000–0002–9213–0181","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["Translation Studies","translation criticism","chess terminology","translation strategy","Garry Kasparov"],"en":["Translation Studies","translation criticism","chess terminology","translation strategy","Garry Kasparov"],"pl":["Translation Studies","translation criticism","chess terminology","translation strategy","Garry Kasparov"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article applies a modified model of Antoine Berman’s critical analysis to the translation of specialized Russian chess literature. The point of departure for the analysis was the Polish translation (from Russian) of the third volume of Garry Kasparov’s fundamental work on the history of modern chess – “Мои великие предшественники”. The study of the material covered such aspects as the translation of specialized terminology, specialized text phraseology and widely understood chess language units (including professionalisms and jargonisms). Moreover, the article also discusses the problem of the asymmetric functioning of the chess lexicon in Russian and Polish. Another issue which is presented in the study is the heterogeneity of this type of texts, which manifests itself in the presence of specialized terminology, elements of an “artificial semiotic code” (diagrams, chess notation, symbols), the colloquial and publicistic style, along with its broad phraseology, metaphors and embedding in the historical context. The said heterogeneity is often problematic for translators. An attempt was also made to characterise the translation strategy and the reasons for certain imperfections in the translation (manifestations of misinterpretation of fragments of the original text and stylistic changes).","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/15_gasek.pdf","title":"Krytyka przekładu a tekst nieliteracki. Wybrane problemy tłumaczenia rosyjskiej literatury szachowej na język polski","title_en":"Translation criticism and a non-literary text. Selected problems of translating Russian chess literature into Polish","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Bogumił Gasek 239"},{"id":"30bce91e-a37d-5af1-a3ca-1596bfbf11be","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/12_lesner/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Emil Daniel","lastName":"Lesner","orcid":"0000–0001–6999–1285","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Szczecin","en":"University of Szczecin","pl":"Uniwersytet Szczeciński"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-17T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["neologisms","translation","translation techniques","child literature","poetry"],"en":["neologisms","translation","translation techniques","child literature","poetry"],"pl":["neologisms","translation","translation techniques","child literature","poetry"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The author focuses his attention on the analysis of translation techniques of some neologisms in the fairy tale “The Smeds and the Smoos” and describes different problems that may occur while translating these lexical units. In the theoretical part the author focuses on the classification of neologisms and on the description of translation techniques with reference to Polish, German and English studies. In the paper, the methods of translating neologisms proposed by inter alia Peter Newmark, Anja Schüler, Zygmunt Tęcza and Piotr Sulikowski are discussed. Later, in the analytical part the focus is put on the description of the translation of neologisms contained in the children’s fairy tale “The Smeds and the Smoos”, written by Julia Donaldson and Axel Scheffler, which is very popular in Poland and Germany. The translation units analyzed were grouped according to Peter Newmark’s typology and Piotr Sulikowski’s typology of techniques used with regard to translating neologisms. The examples described include the translation of neosemantisms, compounds and derivative forms. The paper concludes by emphasizing the fact that the Polish version of the English source text is more creative in translation than the German version. The translator who prepared the Polish text more often used less standard equivalents, which, however, were not less faithful to the original text. In the German translation, on the other hand, more omissions were found. It should be noted, however, that the number of pragmatically inadequate equivalents found in the German and Polish translations is the same, which leads to the hypothesis of a qualitative similarity between the Polish and German translations.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/12_lesner.pdf","title":"O problemie tłumaczenia neologizmów na przykładzie bajki „The Smeds and the Smoos” Julii Donaldson oraz Axela Schefflera w jej niemieckim i polskim przekładzie","title_en":"On translation of some neologisms on the example of the fairy tale „The Smeds and the Smoos” by Julia Donaldson and Axel Scheffler and its German and Polish renditions","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Emil Daniel Lesner 240"},{"id":"4cd330b2-9aa7-5f37-9ae5-db184f1a7f52","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/16_kocur/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hanna","lastName":"Kocur","orcid":"0000–0001–7595–6937","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2020-11-26T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["colloquialism","translation","Biljana Srbljanović","drama","linguistic picture of the world"],"en":["colloquialism","translation","Biljana Srbljanović","drama","linguistic picture of the world"],"pl":["colloquialism","translation","Biljana Srbljanović","drama","linguistic picture of the world"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of this article is to analyze the role and function of the colloquial style in Biljana Srbljanović’s plays and investigate problems they caused in the process of translation. In order to achieve that the theoretical and methodological approach to the term “colloquialism” is compared in two languages: Serbian and Polish. Based on that it is concluded that colloquialism often present the linguistic picture of the world of a society in a very explicit manner and because of that it cannot be translated from one language to another without losing some aspect of cultural and contextual meaning.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/16_kocur.pdf","title":"Styl potoczny w przekładzie dramatów Biljany Srbljanović","title_en":"The colloquial style in the translation of Biljana Srbljanović’s plays","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hanna Kocur 241"},{"id":"84db9d1b-61e1-5b84-b63e-89a9501d9d3c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/19_kazik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karolina","lastName":"Kazik","orcid":"000–0002–0040–4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-19","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/19_kazik.pdf","title":"Pojęcie językowego obrazu świata z perspektywy kognitywistycznej oraz jego zastosowanie w tłumaczeniu poezji [Gicala, Agnieszka (2018). „Przekładanie obrazu świata. Językowy obraz świata w przekładzie artystycznym”. Kraków: Universitas. 225 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karolina Kazik 242"},{"id":"6e914230-b320-50f7-9e39-e2f9227f0e19","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/17_szot/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Barbara","lastName":"Szot","orcid":"0000–0001–5829–5743","affiliation":{"de":"Palacký-Universität Olmütz ","en":"Palacký University Olomouc","pl":"Uniwersytet Palackiego w Ołomuńcu"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":["children’s literature translation","form of address","translation to Silesian","Winnie the Pooh"],"en":["children’s literature translation","form of address","translation to Silesian","Winnie the Pooh"],"pl":["children’s literature translation","form of address","translation to Silesian","Winnie the Pooh"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The word “you” used to address the interlocutor covers a wide of social relations in English. The Slavic languages have a wider range of forms, each of which is appropriate in a specific social context. The asymmetry between the languages requires the translators of English texts to interpret the relationship between the speakers and choose only one of a number of possible forms in the target language. The paper analyses the interpretative strategies of translators of A. A. Milne’s “Winnie-the-Pooh” regarding the ways in which the characters address each other and discusses their implications for the target texts.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/17_szot.pdf","title":"„Nadmiar uprzejmości dla panów Słoni” – formy grzecznościowe w przekładach „Winnie-the-Pooh” A. A. Milne’a na język polski, czeski i śląski","title_en":"It all comes of trying to be kind to Heffalumps: forms of address in translations of A. A. Milne’s “Winnie-the-Pooh” to Polish, Czech, and Silesian","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Barbara Szot 243"},{"id":"73b18762-05af-595a-8771-07975b5c9f89","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/12/18_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000–0003–4384–3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2021-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2021-08-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2021-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.12-18","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":12,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/12/18_gaska.pdf","title":"Multilingualism in audiovisual translation of animated films [Minutella, Vincenza (2021). „(Re)Creating Language Identities in Animated Films. Dubbing Linguistic Variation”. (Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 408 pp.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2021},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 244"},{"id":"db9fc36b-c65d-5a07-aa5f-a5d04d863dc4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/02_franzon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Johan","lastName":"Franzon","orcid":"0000-0002-6961-8875","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helsinki","en":"University of Helsinki","pl":"Uniwersytet Helsiński"}},{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000-0002-8345-2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}},{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.15-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/02_franzon.pdf","title":"Einführung in den 15. Band der Zeitschrift „Studia Translatorica“ zu Studien zum Übersetzen von Liedern","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Johan Franzon 245 Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 246 Michał Gąska 247"},{"id":"967bb7fc-d7fc-5fea-9d0a-73b1fd041b43","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/01_franzon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Johan","lastName":"Franzon","orcid":"0000-0002-6961-8875","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helsinki","en":"University of Helsinki","pl":"Uniwersytet Helsiński"}},{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000-0002-8345-2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}},{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.15-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/01_franzon.pdf","title":"Introduction to volume 15 of the journal “Studia Translatorica” on song translation studies","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Johan Franzon 248 Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 249 Michał Gąska 250"},{"id":"1b1def1a-19a0-5035-9df7-53313bcf2c1d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/05_aronsson/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Mattias","lastName":"Aronsson","orcid":"0000-0002-1332-5467","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule Dalarna","en":"Dalarna University","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Dalarna"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["song translation","British and American pop music","post-war period","lyrics","French singers"],"en":["song translation","British and American pop music","post-war period","lyrics","French singers"],"pl":["song translation","British and American pop music","post-war period","lyrics","French singers"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper investigates French versions of British and American pop songs from the post-war period until the early twenty-first century. The aim is to establish which translation methods were used when the songs were transferred into the target language and covered by French artists. Fifty target texts were analyzed by means of Franzon’s typology of popular songs in translation. The corpus material was analyzed with regard to such factors as distribution among categories in the typology, the lyrical themes of the texts, the choices of individual translators, and the way these translators transferred the works of different composers. The results show that, even though no significant development over time could be detected, translation methods were rather evenly distributed on the spectrum between the fairly faithful variants and target texts bearing no resemblance in content to the source texts. The results also indicate that protest/anti-war lyrics were more faithfully transferred into the target language than texts exploring other lyrical themes. The domination in the corpus of covers made in the 1960s seems to reveal that decade as a golden age of pop song translation from English into French.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/05_aronsson.pdf","title":"From Waterloo Road to the Champs-Elysées. A study of French translations of British and American pop songs","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Mattias Aronsson 251"},{"id":"1a1fbae8-2581-51fd-8ecb-2a131d846c2c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/06_redzioch-korkuz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000-0002-8345-2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["translation and music","singability","song text","translation strategy","multimodality","constraints"],"en":["translation and music","singability","song text","translation strategy","multimodality","constraints"],"pl":["translation and music","singability","song text","translation strategy","multimodality","constraints"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The relationship between the word and sound seems best exemplified in song. The indefinite and semantically broad meaning of music becomes more specific and precise thanks to words, which are believed to belong to amore conventionalised semiotic system. However, in the process of singable translation this intrinsic connection between the word and sound may become distorted because of various reasons, including the question of the target context or the profile of target audiences and their expectations. This paper presents a descriptive analysis of strategies used in translating foreign songs presented in four early episodes of the entertainment show „Muzyka lekka, łatwa i przyjemna”, aired on Polish National Television since the 1960s. Apart from global observations drawn from the overview of translation strategies across the analysed episodes, the paper presents also amore explanatory and multimodal analysis of singable translations of English-language songs and highlights the problem of context-driven constraints.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/06_redzioch-korkuz.pdf","title":"Singing within constraints: Strategies of translating songs on early Polish National Television","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 252"},{"id":"d287a410-e789-5a51-aad5-930802f93b51","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/03_franzon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Johan","lastName":"Franzon","orcid":"0000-0002-6961-8875","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helsinki","en":"University of Helsinki","pl":"Uniwersytet Helsiński"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["song","song translation","multimodality","tradaptation","transcreation"],"en":["song","song translation","multimodality","tradaptation","transcreation"],"pl":["song","song translation","multimodality","tradaptation","transcreation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article overviews recent research in song translation studies. A growing interest and the not-too-coherent wealth of case studies need to be made relatable to one another. The article asks what makes song a special object for translation studies and what a map of song translation studies should encompass. The answer suggests three cornerstones: source-oriented, transfer-oriented and target-oriented studies. The first would need some acquaintance with musical verse and a fluid definition of song; the second some kind of multimodal conceptualization – one that allows both plain prose translation of song lyrics, such as in for example subtitling, and much variable audiovisual adaptations, such as, for example, the many YouTube videos of Shervin Hajipour’s “Baraye”; and the third would need to chart the long-term afterlives of songs, conceptualizing their post-translation use in manifold ways. The discussion is exemplified by translations of Bertolt Brecht and Pete Seeger’s “My rainbowrace”.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/03_franzon.pdf","title":"Song and translation – song translation studies","title_en":"Song and translation – song translation studies","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Johan Franzon 253"},{"id":"1fb050ed-2995-53d4-8b9f-bf51a4fc677e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/04_wesley/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Kenny","lastName":"Wesley","orcid":"0009-0002-3890-9773","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Alcalá","en":"University of Alcalá","pl":"Uniwersytet w Alcalá de Henares"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["R&B","marketing","minority","yé-yé","censorship","translation"],"en":["R&B","marketing","minority","yé-yé","censorship","translation"],"pl":["R&B","marketing","minority","yé-yé","censorship","translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Music is said to be a powerful, universal tool capable of taming savage beasts when skillfully wielded. During the years 1958 through 1968, known as the yé-yé period, anglophone forms of popular music made a significant impact on the southwestern corridor of Europe, inspiring a cultural revolution among teenagers. The increased demand for anglophone art and cultural productions led to a surge in the release of singable pop song translations, including a considerable amount of rhythm and blues (R&B) music. This article, which is an exploratory study, seeks to discover the discursive and sociopolitical implications of singable American R&B song translations commercially released in France and Spain during this period. The song translators’ strategies, the semantic and semiotic retentions in the cover recordings, as well as the sociocultural context are discussed in four song examples that seem most representative of the manifestation of R&B in France and Spain.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/04_wesley.pdf","title":"Rhythm and blues song translation during the yé-yé period in France and Spain","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Kenny Wesley 254"},{"id":"bf8565b3-821f-55a7-8f62-ea0141e3e187","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/07_carpi/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Beatrice","lastName":"Carpi","orcid":"0009-0003-4845-5901","affiliation":{"de":"unabhängige Forscherin","en":"independent researcher","pl":"niezależna badaczka"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["translation","multimodality","stage musicals","song translation","themes"],"en":["translation","multimodality","stage musicals","song translation","themes"],"pl":["translation","multimodality","stage musicals","song translation","themes"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Stage musicals stand out for their multimodal nature, and thus convey meaning through verbal, audio and visual semiotic resources. So far, studies on the translation of musicals have focused mainly on lyrics, without taking into consideration their multimodal nature; when the topic of the multimodality of songs has been researched, it was mostly in popular music and opera. When it comes to stage musicals and their translation, it is evident that there is a lack of substantial research on how meaning is expressed through interaction between modes. However, due to their nature, stage musicals require a multimodal translation approach. To tackle this, the paper presents a model of analysis that considers the semiotic complexity of these songs and demonstrates how they use verbal, audio and visual resources to further the plot. This model was applied to the musical “Hamilton” (2015) to understand the role of multimodality in a modern stage musical and to address the question on how to tackle its translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/07_carpi.pdf","title":"I am not throwing away my shot! (at discussing multimodality): How a multimodal analysis can support song translation– the case of “Hamilton”","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Beatrice Carpi 255"},{"id":"962f6252-ad9c-5b23-9fd1-69a68892d530","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/08_reus/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Tim","lastName":"Reus","orcid":"0000-0003-3986-3121","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Vaasa","en":"University of Vaasa","pl":"Uniwersytet Vaasa"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","Disney","musical narrative","music semantics","song translation"],"en":["audiovisual translation","Disney","musical narrative","music semantics","song translation"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","Disney","musical narrative","music semantics","song translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Much research on song translation focuses on formal constraints, such as rhyme and rhythm, but few studies seem to investigate the relationship between lyrics and music itself. This study examines how meaning is constructed in music, and how the meaning of music interacts with the meaning of lyrics in a song translation context. The analysis follows three paradigms of meaning in music: musical narrative, music rhetoric, and music semantics. These paradigms are used to describe the meaning of the music of the Disney song “Let it go”, from the 2013 musical film “Frozen”. Disney songs are some of the most commonly translated songs, and as such, they have an important effect on child development. It is found that on a general level, the music of “Let it go” expresses a victory of a rebellious force over an established order, which is expressed by means of a growth of energy and intensity. This growth closely follows the four rhetorical phases of the narratio, probatio, dubitatio, and peroratio, which allows for a structural analysis of musical meaning and narrative. The findings suggest that treating the music of a song as a central element can guide the translation process and scholarly analysis of songs and their translations. This study stresses the importance of the role of music in the multimodal product that is a song.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/08_reus.pdf","title":"How music and lyrics interact: A translation-oriented analysis of musical narrative in Disney’s “Let it go”","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Tim Reus 256"},{"id":"ec84da2d-648f-50eb-96de-602aee00acb0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/09_wilson-deroze/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karen","lastName":"Wilson-deRoze","orcid":"0009-0000-6689-1094","affiliation":{"de":"unabhängige Forscherin","en":"independent researcher","pl":"niezależna badaczka"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["multimodality","intersemiosis","Mozart","Jeremy Sams","opera"],"en":["multimodality","intersemiosis","Mozart","Jeremy Sams","opera"],"pl":["multimodality","intersemiosis","Mozart","Jeremy Sams","opera"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Despite the increase in scholarly articles and publications that focus on singable translations of vocal music texts, few tackle the relationships and interplay between the two main semiotic systems of words and music, nor how they may or may not be preserved in translation. The translator’s understanding of how meaning arises across semiotic resources, especially between music and words, is equally as important a criterion for decision making when translating a vocal music text as sense, naturalness, singability, rhythm and rhyme and deserves as much attention as any staging demands or the diverse requirements of cultural transfer. By means of demonstration, using examples from a translation of Mozart’s “Le nozze di Figaro” by Jeremy Sams, this study explores an approach to singable opera translation that focuses on the stylistic decisions of the composer when marrying verbal and non-verbal semiotic modes and how the translator preserves or alters their relationship, which in turn may affect their interpretation, especially by singers.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/09_wilson-deroze.pdf","title":"The marriage of modes: Singable opera translation","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karen Wilson-deRoze 257"},{"id":"4df03fde-41e5-572c-a96d-37f4ce727c9c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/13_mach/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Mach","orcid":"0000-0002-0868-8300","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["song translation","appropriation","punk cabaret","Tiger Lillies","Szymon Jachimek"],"en":["song translation","appropriation","punk cabaret","Tiger Lillies","Szymon Jachimek"],"pl":["song translation","appropriation","punk cabaret","Tiger Lillies","Szymon Jachimek"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This paper analyses the modifications introduced by Szymon Jachimek in his translation of The Tiger Lillies’ songs, used in a Polish theatrical production in 2016. The Tiger Lillies, A British band, represent an alternative genre of punk cabaret, characterised by dark, transgressive humour, inspirations drawn from Weimar-era cabaret, and neo-Victorian aesthetics. Based on selected examples and taking into consideration the intersemiotic elements of music and performance, I discuss the deviations from the source text introduced by the translator: from (self)censorship of religious irreverence to far-reaching domestication shifting the material towards topical political satire. Rather than considering such deviations as precluding the text from being a translation per se and branding it adaptation, I instead perceive them as expressions of creativity and appropriation, reconstructing the means and aims of making the material “one’s own”. The paper, it is to be hoped, will form an invitation to further study of the creative capacities and the authorial competence of song translators.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/13_mach.pdf","title":"The ensemble of death and dance: Songs of The Tiger Lillies in Polish translation by Szymon Jachimek","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Mach 258"},{"id":"308bfc4d-b7a3-5161-9b73-593356e57122","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/12_autieri/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Arianna","lastName":"Autieri","orcid":"0000-0003-1774-1852","affiliation":{"de":"Goldsmiths, Universität London","en":"Goldsmiths, University of London","pl":"Goldsmiths, Uniwersytet Londyński"}},{"firstName":"Lauri A.","lastName":"Niskanen","orcid":"0000-0002-5338-2124","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Turku","en":"University of Turku","pl":"Uniwersytet w Turku"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["musicalized fiction","allusion","quotation","intermediality","intradiegetic","extradiegetic"],"en":["musicalized fiction","allusion","quotation","intermediality","intradiegetic","extradiegetic"],"pl":["musicalized fiction","allusion","quotation","intermediality","intradiegetic","extradiegetic"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Song lyrics function in James Joyce’s “Ulysses” like any other literary and cultural allusion. However, in the musical episode of “Ulysses”, “Sirens”, lyrics may function as music as well. In the episode, where songs are performed by characters and, de facto, by the narrative itself, musical allusions are evoked in the readers’ mind, enriching their experience of the episode. The following question may arise then: how can the Sirens’ songs be translated for a target reader who is not familiar with the music or words of the songs mentioned? Addressing foundational word and music studies research and recent research on the translation of musical texts, this article investigates how lyrics alluded to in “Sirens” perform a musical role in the episode. Through the study of the Italian and Finnish (re)translations of the episode, it examines the creative options for translators of song lyrics in musico-literary texts.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/12_autieri.pdf","title":"Translating the songs of the “Sirens” in James Joyce’s Ulysses","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Arianna Autieri 259 Lauri A. Niskanen 260"},{"id":"f57a2017-0478-5645-8db6-7ea199d21fbd","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/10_guay/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Matthew","lastName":"Guay","orcid":"0000-0002-8007-5963","affiliation":{"de":"Ryutsu-Keizai-Universität","en":"Ryutsu Keizai University","pl":"Uniwersytet Ryutsu Keizai"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-03-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["indigenous song translation","language documentation","ethnolinguistics","language shift","translation studies"],"en":["indigenous song translation","language documentation","ethnolinguistics","language shift","translation studies"],"pl":["indigenous song translation","language documentation","ethnolinguistics","language shift","translation studies"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Examining the severely endangered languages of the Ryukyuan Archipelago from a translation studies perspective reveals that song is the only domain where translation is occurring, and that this translation has hardly been researched. This leads to more serious questions that remain understudied, such as how to translate indigenous languages and indigenous nonconformist concepts into the world’s modern dominant languages or how to address all the sociolinguistic issues that accompany those decisions. A song translation studies perspective provides an insightful metric for exploring how translation is taking place in Okinawan music. This study investigates three translation projects, including an archival documentation of song translations from Ryukyuan into Japanese, English subtitles for videos, and singable cover versions of songs translated from Japanese into Ryukyuan. The problems and decisions made in these contexts are documented to foster discussion and to encourage further translation research into indigenous languages.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/10_guay.pdf","title":"Translating songs between endangered and modernized languages: The case of Ryukyuan in Okinawa, Japan","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Matthew Guay 261"},{"id":"b94097db-9431-5b2c-8429-ed62ab8c3cfb","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/14_kodura/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Kodura","orcid":"0000-0002-7307-409X","affiliation":{"de":"Universität der Kommission für Nationale Bildung in Krakau","en":"University of the National Education Commission in Krakow","pl":"Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-09-06T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-02-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["song translation","creativity","creative shifts","translation training","artificial intelligence"],"en":["song translation","creativity","creative shifts","translation training","artificial intelligence"],"pl":["song translation","creativity","creative shifts","translation training","artificial intelligence"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of this paper is to present possible applications of song translation in translation training courses as away to encourage a creative mindset among translation students. The songs selected for the activities under discussion came from “Six: The musical”. The genre of a musical was chosen because of the multimodal nature of musical theatre. In a musical, consideration must be given to the limitations imposed by music as well as the plot, stage movements, or the need to differentiate between registers used by characters. Students undertook translational actions using the five choices described by Franzon; however, they started with the additional step of machine translation. The translations prepared by students were compared and discussed in class, as well as contrasted with the machine-generated text. The translated versions were analyzed following the creativity markers proposed by Bayer-Hohenwarter.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/14_kodura.pdf","title":"Activating creativity in translation training courses through song translation","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Kodura 262"},{"id":"cd3479fc-e0e9-55d1-adf8-31e23fef9e3b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/15_franzon/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Johan","lastName":"Franzon","orcid":"0000-0002-6961-8875","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Helsinki","en":"University of Helsinki","pl":"Uniwersytet Helsiński"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2024-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/15_franzon.pdf","title":"Beat music, sláger, and different song translations in Socialist Hungary [Ignász, Ádám (ed.) (2023). Translation, adaptation, and intertextuality in Hungarian popular music. (Jazz under State Socialism. Volume 8). Lausanne et al: Peter Lang. Pp. 282]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Johan Franzon 263"},{"id":"02a11125-62fe-5e6e-a794-9da1cd7167ba","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/11_agnetta/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marco","lastName":"Agnetta","orcid":"0009-0005-9520-3082","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-01-26T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":["song cycle","translation","Wilhelm Müller","Franz Schubert","Bélanger"],"en":["song cycle","translation","Wilhelm Müller","Franz Schubert","Bélanger"],"pl":["song cycle","translation","Wilhelm Müller","Franz Schubert","Bélanger"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The purpose of this article is to elaborate, in a descriptive manner, on selected aspects of the cyclical structure of Wilhelm Müller’s and Franz Schubert’s “Winterreise” (1827, D911) and the effects that intercultural transfer and language change can have on it. For this purpose, first some theoretical considerations on the cyclicality of the song collection in general and the “Winterreise” in particular are collected in order to then exemplarily deal with the concrete references of a selected song to the other songs of the cycle both in original and translation. An early French translation of the song cycle by the French translator Bélanger is consulted here. The analysis shows how the translational (especially the lexical) choices of the translator in the individual songs can lead to a changed understanding of the whole song cycle.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/11_agnetta.pdf","title":"Translation und Zyklizität: Zur Übersetzung der „Winterreise“ von Wilhelm Müller und Franz Schubert durch Bélanger","title_en":"Translation and cyclicality: On the translation of the “Winterreise” by Wilhelm Müller and Franz Schubert by Bélanger","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marco Agnetta 264"},{"id":"e048e000-4c51-50fc-8139-cf43f7356c6c","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/16_redzioch-korkuz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000-0002-8345-2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2024-02-14T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/16_redzioch-korkuz.pdf","title":"Between translation and semiotics and into artistic transduction [Gorlée, Dinda L. (2023). From mimetic translation to artistic transduction: A semiotic perspective on Virginia Woolf, Hector Berlioz, and Bertolt Brecht. London/ New York: Anthem Press. Pp. 202]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 265"},{"id":"76831476-a6a8-5ffc-9cd3-6767151aff8d","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/01_czechowska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ilona","lastName":"Czechowska","orcid":"0000-0001-8587-5655","affiliation":{"de":"Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)","en":"European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)","pl":"Europejski Uniwersytet Viadrina we Frankfurcie nad Odrą"}},{"firstName":"Hans-Gerd","lastName":"Happel","orcid":"0000-0002-9602-1310","affiliation":{"de":"Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)","en":"European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)","pl":"Europejski Uniwersytet Viadrina we Frankfurcie nad Odrą"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["literary legacy","indexing","Karl Dedecius German-Polish reconciliation","Karl Dedecius Archive","Karl Dedecius Literature Archive Foundation"],"en":["literary legacy","indexing","Karl Dedecius German-Polish reconciliation","Karl Dedecius Archive","Karl Dedecius Literature Archive Foundation"],"pl":["literary legacy","indexing","Karl Dedecius German-Polish reconciliation","Karl Dedecius Archive","Karl Dedecius Literature Archive Foundation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This contribution describes the historical development of the collections management con-cerning the legacy of Karl Dedecius who translated the works of important Polish authors into the German language. His engagement and activities in the area of German-Polish rec-onciliation can be studied in Slubice at the Collegium Polonicum, where the documents and media relating to Karl Dedecius have been available for research since 2001. In 2013, the Karl Dedecius Literature Archive Foundation was created. It started with cross-border projects, workshops and cultural events. The positive feedback from the participants, researchers and students demonstrates the early success of the new foundation that is now improving its in-ternal organisation in cooperation with its Polish partners.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/01_czechowska.pdf","title":"Der Nachlass von Karl Dedecius: Erschließung und Präsentation der Projekte. Was war, was ist, was wird kommen?","title_en":"Literary legacy of Karl Dedecius. Indexing and presentation of projects. The past, the state of the art, and the future","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ilona Czechowska 266 Hans-Gerd Happel 267"},{"id":"d223c52e-8045-5503-94ef-8c6a62981982","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/15/17_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2024-03-20T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2024-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.15-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":15,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/15/17_gaska.pdf","title":"Das Übersetzen von Kunstliedern vor dem Hintergrund der funktionalen Translationswissenschaft [Kvam, Sigmund (2024). Poesie– Musik– Übersetzung. Varietäten in der Translation von Liedtexten. (TransÜD– Arbeiten zur Theorie und Praxis des Übersetzens und Dolmetschens, Bd. 142). Berlin: Frank&Timme. 197 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2024},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 268"},{"id":"edc041f3-3e20-5be9-81ec-dcca3eca56d2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/02_olschowsky/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Heinrich","lastName":"Olschowsky","orcid":"0000-0002-2379-091X","affiliation":{"de":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","en":"Humboldt University of Berlin","pl":"Uniwersytet Humboldtów w Berlinie"}}],"date":"2020-01-08T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["mediation","politics","literature","aesthetics"],"en":["mediation","politics","literature","aesthetics"],"pl":["mediation","politics","literature","aesthetics"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Karl Dedecius committed his talent and passion to literary translation. During the “Cold War”, he pursued the “harmonising concept” of mediation between languages, cultures, and people. Frictions between the politics and the aesthetics were bound to appear. A balancing act was necessary. In my article, I would like to focus on those traces with the help of translator’s memories as a crucial source.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/02_olschowsky.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius: Der Schöngeist und die Politik. Deutsch-polnische Literaturvermittlung in einem zerklüfteten Gelände: BRD, DDR, VRP","title_en":"Karl Dedecius: The aesthete and politics. Mediating literature in a fissured landscape: FRG, GDR, Polish People’s Republic","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Heinrich Olschowsky 269"},{"id":"44b05841-e8fc-5b0e-b114-bce1c952d4a3","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/04_kuczynski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Krzysztof A.","lastName":"Kuczyński","orcid":"0000-0002-9261-2981","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Łódź","en":"University of Łódź","pl":"Uniwersytet Łódzki"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Polish-German relations","Polish literature in Germany","the art of translation","Karl Dedecius"],"en":["Polish-German relations","Polish literature in Germany","the art of translation","Karl Dedecius"],"pl":["Polish-German relations","Polish literature in Germany","the art of translation","Karl Dedecius"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Born in Łódź, Karl Dedecius (1921–2016) is deservedly considered the most eminent transla-tor of Polish literature in Germany. He is also regarded as the “builder of bridges” between these two nations. Dedecius is respected both for the great number of his translations (the works by 300 writers) and for his translation skill and talent admired by the readers of his texts. He published about 200 books – translations of Polish poetry and prose as well as essays. His Deutsches Polen – Institut in Darmstadt should be enumerated among his organisational achievements. Several multi-volume series of Polish literature deserve special appreciation. For his work, Dedecius was awarded with many awards and distinctions.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/04_kuczynski.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius oder Die Botschaft der Bücher","title_en":"Karl Dedecius and the political and cultural mission of his works","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Krzysztof A. Kuczyński 270"},{"id":"795530eb-4b41-5503-b0ff-6b8888d4bc58","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/05_hartmann/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Bernhard","lastName":"Hartmann","orcid":"0000-0002-4053-1944","affiliation":{"de":"Duisburg","en":"Duisburg","pl":"Duisburg"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Karl Dedecius","Zbigniew Herbert","literary translation","Polish poetry"],"en":["Karl Dedecius","Zbigniew Herbert","literary translation","Polish poetry"],"pl":["Karl Dedecius","Zbigniew Herbert","literary translation","Polish poetry"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This short analysis of Karl Dedecius’s work, especially of his translations, and German-language edition of Zbigniew Herbert’s Cogito-poems focuses on aspects of literary translation that might be described as imperial – like the claim of totality and monumentality (manifesting itself e.g. in multi-volume anthologies or in the founding of institutions) or a “freehand” approach to the source-language material relying on the translator’s interpretation and its intended effects in the target culture. The correspondence between Dedecius und Herbert shows that such translational attitude from the poet’s point of view does not necessarily have to be disadvantageous, but under certain circumstances can lead to tensions between the poet and the translator.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/05_hartmann.pdf","title":"Der Übersetzer und ‚sein’ Dichter? Anmerkungen zum imperialen Übersetzen am Beispiel von Zbigniew Herberts Herr Cogito","title_en":"Zbigniew Herbert’s “Pan Cogito” in German. Remarks on imperial translation","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Bernhard Hartmann 271"},{"id":"123d9ff2-db3f-5914-b638-1971bd4be7b2","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/03_sauerland/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karol","lastName":"Sauerland","orcid":"0000-0002-7348-0119","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Klaus Mehnert","Kazimierz Wyka","Tauwetter","Lektion der Stille","Horst Bienek","Herbert G. Göpfert","Adam Ważyk"],"en":["Klaus Mehnert","Kazimierz Wyka","Tauwetter","Lektion der Stille","Horst Bienek","Herbert G. Göpfert","Adam Ważyk"],"pl":["Klaus Mehnert","Kazimierz Wyka","Tauwetter","Lektion der Stille","Horst Bienek","Herbert G. Göpfert","Adam Ważyk"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The author uses archival data to showcase Dedecius’s efforts after his resettlement to the FRG in 1952 to prove his qualifications as an expert in Soviet drama and skilled translator of Rus-sian lyric literature through his publications. He contacted Eastern Europe specialist, Klaus Mehnert. Serendipity led him to become a translator of Polish literature. In the second part of his study, the author describes on the basis of Dedecius’s correspondence with Herbert G. Göpfert and Kazimierz Wyka the circumstances of publication of the anthology of Polish poetry Lessons in silence [Germ. Lektion der Stille].","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/03_sauerland.pdf","title":"Dedecius‘ Anfänge in der Bundesrepublik","title_en":"Dedecius’s beginnings in West Germany","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karol Sauerland 272"},{"id":"cf92d300-7e13-5b4d-a1d9-69fc3f33c5d9","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/08_szewczyk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Grażyna Barbara","lastName":"Szewczyk","orcid":"0000-0003-0802-0746","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["artistic translation","translation strategies","Polish women’s poetry","love poetry","Polish literature in Germany"],"en":["artistic translation","translation strategies","Polish women’s poetry","love poetry","Polish literature in Germany"],"pl":["artistic translation","translation strategies","Polish women’s poetry","love poetry","Polish literature in Germany"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article ”Poetic worlds of women in Karl Dedecius’s translations” directs the readers’ attention to the translation theory and practice of the German translator. It also presents the criteria for the selection of Polish female poets’ works that were translated into German. The way in which Dedecius perceives women’s poetic worlds proves his in-depth reading of translated texts and knowledge of the Polish language. Starting with the discussion of over a dozen of anthologies of Polish poetry published by Dedecius, the author of the paper situates them in the landscape of the reception of Polish literature in Germany and reflects on them. The analysis of the selected poems by Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna, Maria Jasnorzewska-Pawlikowska, Wisława Szymborska, and Ewa Lipska as well as the comparison of the original poems with their translation allow to define features of Dedecius’s translation method, his attitude to the artistic means, to language, form, rhythm and motifs of Polish women’s poetry.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/08_szewczyk.pdf","title":"Światy poetyckie kobiet w przekładach Karla Dedeciusa","title_en":"Poetic worlds of women in Karl Dedecius’s translations","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Grażyna Barbara Szewczyk 273"},{"id":"45edf670-c8b2-5eaf-9060-d8341c3093cc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/09_bak/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Paweł","lastName":"Bąk","orcid":"0000-0002-7951-6477","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["aphorism","equivalence","presupposition","translation of aphorisms","obligatory transposition","facultative transposition"],"en":["aphorism","equivalence","presupposition","translation of aphorisms","obligatory transposition","facultative transposition"],"pl":["aphorism","equivalence","presupposition","translation of aphorisms","obligatory transposition","facultative transposition"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper outlines the problem of the Karl Dedecius’s German translation of some aphorisms written by Wiesław Brudziński. As a result of the differences between Polish and German, the translator often changes the form of the original aphorisms. Such changes are usually defined as obligatory transposition. Karl Dedecius does not translate literally and he often employs his own interpretations to reach the effect of conciseness of the text in the target language. Many of the modifications are the effect of conscious decisions taken by the translator. Dedecius’s creative translation is based on facultative transposition. Such a translation conveys more true sense of the original text than a literal one.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/09_bak.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius: große Übersetzung der kleinen literarischen Form","title_en":"Karl Dedecius: Great translation of a small literary form","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Paweł Bąk 274"},{"id":"ecf5902c-45fe-5c6e-802f-e8beeca406e7","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/10_maliszewski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Julian","lastName":"Maliszewski","orcid":"00000-0002-1041-4704","affiliation":{"de":"Technische Universität Częstochowa","en":"Częstochowa University of Technology","pl":"Politechnika Częstochowska"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["translation","translation of poetry","metaphor","culture-crossing","lyric poetry","Russian poetry","Dedecius"],"en":["translation","translation of poetry","metaphor","culture-crossing","lyric poetry","Russian poetry","Dedecius"],"pl":["translation","translation of poetry","metaphor","culture-crossing","lyric poetry","Russian poetry","Dedecius"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In Karl Dedecius’s activity, translations of Mikhail Lermontov’s poetry take a special place. Dedecius translates Lermontov’s poetry in extraordinary circumstances – during the Soviet war imprisonment. Lermontov’s poems meant a lot to the German translator: they were not only consolation in the particularly hard and almost hopeless situation but also a unique “psy-chosomatic” therapy. The empathy and strong identification with the fate of Russian poet are also apparent in the German translations of Lermontov’s poetry. Even if losses happen, they are replaced successfully by an artistic and interpretive gain. This proves – in the case of Karl Dedecius – that the literary and semantic structure of a well translated poem cannot fail due to small divergences and modifications of particular metaphors. Translation of poems of Russian poet Anna Akhmatova is a separate field in Dedecius’s trans-lation creativity. In the translation process of Akhmatova’s poetry a question arises to what extent the emotionality and reflexivity of Russian verses can be translated. The new translation model conforms completely to the core area of the semantics and stylistics of the literary work and to the reconstruction of the creative process of the author of the original. This model has been de-fined as the diegetic translation strategy. Works of Russian and Soviet poet Vladimir Mayakovski are regarded as an exceptional translation work of Karl Dedecius. The detailed analysis of several Dedecius’s translations demonstrates transgression as the core element of the translation strategy of his poetry. This artistic vision of the present time is used effectively and constitutes an intrinsic part of the translation in order to influence the target-language recipients familiar with Russian poems and to arouse their interest in the modern poetry.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/10_maliszewski.pdf","title":"„Liryczny triumwirat” – Karla Dedeciusa przekłady liryki rosyjskiej","title_en":"The lyrical triumvirate – Karl Dedecius’s translation of Russian poetry","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Julian Maliszewski 275"},{"id":"32c27ec7-0b3f-532c-b54a-7fbb4ac8c7f6","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/11_malgorzewicz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Małgorzewicz","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-3957","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Dedecius’s individual translation theory","Różewicz","Lec","anthropocentric translation studies","translation model","translation strategy","translation of aphorisms"],"en":["Dedecius’s individual translation theory","Różewicz","Lec","anthropocentric translation studies","translation model","translation strategy","translation of aphorisms"],"pl":["Dedecius’s individual translation theory","Różewicz","Lec","anthropocentric translation studies","translation model","translation strategy","translation of aphorisms"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper aims at reconstructing Karl Dedecius’s individual translation theory on the basis of theoretical papers written by the translator himself, on the basis of his comments on his own translations, as well as on the basis of analyses of some of his translations of Polish literature. At the same time, the tendencies and peculiarities of the master’s translation art shall be studied. The translator’s canon is interpreted from the point of view of anthropocentric translation paradigms. First, the conducted study shows that Dedecius’s works are in harmony with his theories. Second, it proves the accuracy of Dedecius’s translation-relevant assumptions and beliefs in the light of anthropocentric translation studies. Moreover, it demonstrates the relevance of anthropocentric translation paradigms for the descriptive modelling of specific, complex translation reality.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/11_malgorzewicz.pdf","title":"Dedecius’ individuelle Translationstheorie – ein Versuch ihrer Rekonstruktion vor dem Hintergrund der anthropozentrischen Translatorik","title_en":"Dedecius’s individual translation theory – an attempt of its reconstruction against the background of anthropocentric translation studies","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Małgorzewicz 276"},{"id":"3ff651e7-a8b0-551e-a049-dbd447232291","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/13_zarski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Krzysztof","lastName":"Żarski","orcid":"0000-0002-8261-5484","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["translator","philology","archive","correspondence","professor","expellees"],"en":["translator","philology","archive","correspondence","professor","expellees"],"pl":["translator","philology","archive","correspondence","professor","expellees"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper deals with the contacts between the German translator Karl Dedecius and his intel-lectual partners in Wrocław/Poland, mostly German philologists. At first, we want to examine the contemporary state of research on the past periods of the Polish German philology includ-ing the interest in Karl Dedecius. Apart from this, we want to look at representative examples of correspondence between Dedecius and German philologists from Wrocław, taken from the archive in Frankfurt/Oder. A special focus is directed to Marian Szyrocki, the most famous professor of the faculty in the post-war period. The question of awards and honours bestowed upon Dedecius in Wrocław is also important. It is combined with his relations to the landscape of German war expellees which need to be discussed carefully.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/13_zarski.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius und Breslauer Germanisten vor dem Hintergrund der Debatten zur Geschichte polnischer Deutschphilologie. Ausgewählte Aspekte","title_en":"Karl Dedecius and German philologists from Wrocław from the perspective of the debates on the history of the German philology in Poland. Selected examples","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Krzysztof Żarski 277"},{"id":"7d0b94e0-e865-5a8f-8a8f-c4ccf793b350","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/12_panasiuk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Igor","lastName":"Panasiuk","orcid":"0000-0002-0121-8058","affiliation":{"de":"Jakob-von-Paradies-Akademie Gorzów Wielkopolski","en":"Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski","pl":"Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["translation process","sign","approximation","equivalence","implication","anticipation","lacuna"],"en":["translation process","sign","approximation","equivalence","implication","anticipation","lacuna"],"pl":["translation process","sign","approximation","equivalence","implication","anticipation","lacuna"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article investigates the subject “On the trail of the translation process in the analysis of Karl Dedecius’s notes” and deals with the problems of research on the translation process which can be observed in the rough copies of the famous translator of the Polish literature into German, Karl Dedecius. The article focuses on Dedecius’s comments on the translation activ-ity from the point of view of the practicing translator and their verification in regard to the aspects and attitudes of Cognitive Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, and Semiotics. The process of translation consists of implicative processes which are based on the interlingual contextual synonymy and can be expressed as a polyvariety of translation. Those processes can be noticed in the translation variants in Karl Dedecius’s rough copies.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/12_panasiuk.pdf","title":"Auf den Spuren des Übersetzungsprozesses in der Analyse der Übersetzerkladden und -notizen von Karl Dedecius","title_en":"On the trail of the translation process in the analysis of Karl Dedecius’s notes","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Igor Panasiuk 278"},{"id":"47c0aed6-0208-5196-8f62-9d5b5de11ac0","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/06_warmbrunn/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jürgen","lastName":"Warmbrunn","orcid":"0000-0003-4424-0914","affiliation":{"de":"Herder-Institut für historische Ostmitteleuropaforschung – Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft","en":"Herder Institute for Historical Research on East Central Europe - Institute of the Leibniz Association","pl":"Instytut Herdera do Badań Historycznych nad Europą Środkowo-Wschodnią – Instytut Wspólnoty Leibniza"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Karl Dedecius","translator","library","bibliophile"],"en":["Karl Dedecius","translator","library","bibliophile"],"pl":["Karl Dedecius","translator","library","bibliophile"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The name of Karl Dedecius is very closely linked to the term “library.” His canon of fifty outstanding works of Polish literature in German translation was entitled Polish Library, his anthology of Polish literature from nine centuries published in 2011 was called My Polish Library and it was undoubtedly due to his work and his commitment that the German Institute of Poland can today lay claim to being one of the largest specialised libraries in the German-speaking countries dedicated to Poland and Polish culture. Based on written statements by Karl Dedecius himself as well as additional remarks by Andreas Lawaty, one of his closest collaborators at the German Institute of Poland, the paper describes the relationship of the renowned translator and editor with books and libraries as well as with the book trade and publishing companies. It furthermore touches upon the aesthetics of print publications as well as the bibliophilic love of books. It becomes clear that Dedecius was not an ardent library user in the classic meaning of the word, but that he was more than aware of the importance of libraries open to the public for the dissemination of knowledge about Polish culture. In the second part of the paper, a selection of the most important general and specialised libraries in Germany with holdings related to Poland is presented. In this context, the paper discusses also the challenges that the libraries have to face if they wish to offer their users comprehensive information about Polish history and culture.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/06_warmbrunn.pdf","title":"Die Botschaft der Bücher und die Aufgabe der Bibliotheken","title_en":"The message of the books and the task of the libraries","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jürgen Warmbrunn 279"},{"id":"c4e5e253-d17f-5403-b1fd-1ca72ab6c413","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/14_njemz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hans Gregor","lastName":"Njemz","orcid":"0000-0003-3425-1214","affiliation":{"de":"Kiel","en":"Kiel ","pl":"Kilonia"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Karl Dedecius","Johannes Bobrowski","international understanding","translation","poetry","Adam Mickiewicz"],"en":["Karl Dedecius","Johannes Bobrowski","international understanding","translation","poetry","Adam Mickiewicz"],"pl":["Karl Dedecius","Johannes Bobrowski","international understanding","translation","poetry","Adam Mickiewicz"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Karl Dedecius and Johannes Bobrowski both came from multi-ethnic regions in Central and Eastern Europe, peopled at the time, among others, by Germans. The experience of being combatants of WW 2 and POWs was characteristic of their generation. It led them later on to become poetic ambassadors of Poland and slavic people in Germany. Similarities in their lives, such as musical talent or the admiration for Mickiewicz, remain in contrast to the fun-damental difference between translating and writing poetry. However, both of them wished to foster international understanding through belles-lettres.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/14_njemz.pdf","title":"Poetische Botschafter. Übersetzen vs. Dichten als angewandte Völkerverständigung am Beispiel von Karl Dedecius und Johannes Bobrowski","title_en":"Poetic ambassadors: Translating vs writing poetry as applied international understanding illustrated by the example of Karl Dedecius and Johannes Bobrowski","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hans Gregor Njemz 280"},{"id":"1fc5579f-0ab6-5980-90bd-f43cf443886a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/17_stopyra/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Janusz","lastName":"Stopyra","orcid":"0000-0003-0164-0328","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["translation","language comparison"],"en":["translation","language comparison"],"pl":["translation","language comparison"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of the author of the paper was to compare Polish aphorisms written by Stanisław Jerzy Lec with their translations into German by Karl Dedecius. The majority of them were translated very accurately when compared to the Polish original. Analysed were mainly the language items used in the process of translation and the parts of the translation that have been modified. The author has also attempted to find the reasons for these modifications.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/17_stopyra.pdf","title":"Übersetzungsstrategien und -techniken in Sämtlichen unfrisierten Gedanken von Stanisław Jerzy Lec, herausgegeben und aus dem Polnischen übertragen von Karl Dedecius","title_en":"Translation strategies and techniques in Stanisław Jerzy Lec’s Unkempt thoughts, published and translated from Polish by Karl Dedecius","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Janusz Stopyra 281"},{"id":"0c285d32-f6af-5571-a4bb-b8756ec60487","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/15_laurentowicz-granas/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Laurentowicz-Granas","orcid":"0000-0001-5308-0102","affiliation":{"de":"Łódź","en":"Łódź","pl":"Łódź"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["museum","exhibition","education","Łódź"],"en":["museum","exhibition","education","Łódź"],"pl":["museum","exhibition","education","Łódź"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the article and report which were presented during the conference Mission of Books – Life and Work of Karl Dedecius, I have introduced in a short and synthetic way the educational activities carried out by the Museum of the City of Łódź (formerly known as the Museum of History of the City of Łódź). In this museum, in 1999, an exhibition on Karl Dedecius was arranged, and it remains the only permanent exhibition devoted to the translator in Poland. Since 1992 the museum has annually celebrated the translator’s birthday by organising dif-ferent events. The last one, on his 95th birthday, was a two-year long educational exhibition entitled Karl Dedecius. Literature – Dialogue – Europe. It won two awards in the competitions organised by the National Institute for Museums and Public Collections. First time, it was awarded in the competition Sybilla 2017 Museum Event of the Year, in the category: The Ar-chaeological and Historical Exhibitions. Then, the publication on the exhibition was awarded in III Review “Visible Mu”","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/15_laurentowicz-granas.pdf","title":"Karl Dedecius. Literatura – Dialog – Europa. Kilka uwag na marginesie wystawy","title_en":"Karl Dedecius. Literature – Dialogue – Europe. Side note about exhibition","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Laurentowicz-Granas 282"},{"id":"2b64eda1-15aa-55bc-a0e3-717424b04746","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/07_mielczarek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Zygmunt","lastName":"Mielczarek","orcid":"0000-0003-3102-3451","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["Polish literature","poetry","translation studies","biography","Polish-German relationship","editorial science","correspondence","literary reception","intellectual friendship"],"en":["Polish literature","poetry","translation studies","biography","Polish-German relationship","editorial science","correspondence","literary reception","intellectual friendship"],"pl":["Polish literature","poetry","translation studies","biography","Polish-German relationship","editorial science","correspondence","literary reception","intellectual friendship"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"For good reasons one can speak of a special relationship between one of the most prominent poets and playwrights of the post-WWII Poland, Tadeusz Różewicz (1921–2014), and one of the most prominent translators of Polish poetry into German, Karl Dedecius (1921–2016). Both were born in Poland in the same year and not far from each other. The first was Polish partisan during the German occupation, the latter, of German origin, served as a soldier in the Wehrmacht. They were aware of the specific and tragic bonds in the history of their nations and in their own biographies since they exchanged letters with each other for over fifty years. This correspondence in the Polish language is now edited in two volumes (Listy 1961–2013, ed. by Andreas Lawaty, and Marek Zybura. Kraków: Universitas 2017). On the basis of this correspondence, the paper analyses the special relationship between the Author and his Translator, between two men of letters, between two representatives of conflicted nations seeking reconciliation under difficult political circumstances of the Cold War and thereafter. But it also concerns the personality, emotionality, the motivations, and aesthetic views of both men as they become apparent in the letters they write to each other, with different intensity but continuously, not without tensions but with steady sympathy and respect for each other. Moreover, the paper emphasises the character of the correspondence as a repository of information about literary life and cultural relationships between Poland and Germany.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/07_mielczarek.pdf","title":"Briefe bewahren. Tadeusz Różewicz und Karl Dedecius im Briefwechsel","title_en":"Save the letters. The correspondence between Tadeusz Różewicz and Karl Dedecius","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Zygmunt Mielczarek 283"},{"id":"bdf0d9a6-0b17-55a5-84bd-7265a181d47e","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/09/16_zgrzywa/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Agnieszka","lastName":"Zgrzywa","orcid":"0000-0003-0127-5041","affiliation":{"de":"Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität Poznań, Collegium Pollonicum","en":"Adam Mickiewicz Universitu in Poznań, Collegium Pollonicum","pl":"Uniwersytet Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Collegium Pollonicum"}}],"date":"2020-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","received":null,"accepted":null,"doi":"10.23817/strans.9-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":9,"keywords":{"de":["tandem translation","the Silver Age of Russian Literature","Translator’s Notes","Polish Studies for International Students"],"en":["tandem translation","the Silver Age of Russian Literature","Translator’s Notes","Polish Studies for International Students"],"pl":["tandem translation","the Silver Age of Russian Literature","Translator’s Notes","Polish Studies for International Students"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This is a story of the process of preparing the first tandem translation within the curriculum: Polish Studies for International Students in Collegium Polonicum. It has all started with an idea of translating the poems from the Silver Age of Russian Literature into Polish and to make them contemporary in such a way that they would become free and blank, and thus symbolically modern. The most important was “Gilfriend” by Marina Tsvetaeva. During the translation process, an exhibition took place first: the Dedecius’s name was mentioned there as a provocation and at the same time as a symbol of longing for the ideal of Perfect Transla-tion. The master’s suggestions from the Translator’s Notes have been an inspiration during the translation process which resulted in the translations closest to the original and in creating an additional element of culture. The first successful translation encouraged the philologists to take further steps, the effects of which are two translated theatre plays and criminal riddles.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/09/16_zgrzywa.pdf","title":"W cieniu wielkiego Dedeciusa... Opowieść o początkach przekładów tandemowych na filologii polskiej jako obcej","title_en":"In the shadow of the great Dedecius... The story of the beginning of tandem translations within the curriculum: Polish Studies for International Students","type":"article","year":2018},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Agnieszka Zgrzywa 284"},{"id":"679fb84f-5ea0-5156-972f-c88b2f39eb0b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/01_iluk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jan","lastName":"Iluk","orcid":"0000-0003-2539-1936","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-03-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["language of law","translation","phraseology","word formation","polylexemes"],"en":["language of law","translation","phraseology","word formation","polylexemes"],"pl":["language of law","translation","phraseology","word formation","polylexemes"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In the so-called analytical languages, polylexemes function as the most dominant form of naming. In German, they occur less often, because it prefers compound words in the same role. These interlingual differences raise different problems in their translation. In research literature, polylexemes are studied with different focuses and consequently treated differently. This article will first discuss the status of legal polylexemes in phraseology. Subsequently, the similarities between polylexemes and German composites will be shown. Finally, they will be looked at from an interlingual perspective, also by addressing translation aspects of their use.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/01_iluk.pdf","title":"Juristische Polylexeme in der Phraseologie, der Wortbildung und der Übersetzung","title_en":"Legal polylexemes in phraseology, word formation and translation","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jan Iluk 285"},{"id":"a5742da2-6e74-5931-877b-45dd21eef757","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/02_pawlowski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Grzegorz","lastName":"Pawłowski","orcid":"0000-0002-2465-2906","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["communication","solipsism","naturalism","real basis of communication"],"en":["communication","solipsism","naturalism","real basis of communication"],"pl":["communication","solipsism","naturalism","real basis of communication"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The subject of the lecture are the aporias resulting from naturalistic paradigms in linguistics. The fact that in linguistic research scholars rely exclusively on empirical evidence is nothing reprehensible – it is worth mentioning the recently fashionable oculographic research. However, this research, and in connection with it, the applied methods have their drawbacks. These include the lack of a real basis for diagnosing the correspondence between sequences of words, sentences and/or sequences of neuronal flashes and the content associated with them. The main disadvantage of naturalistically profiled methods is the lack of a real and absolute basis for diagnosing the communication of individuals participating in some communicative system. Such a basis is not provided by linguistic dictionaries or texts in general; nor is such a basis provided by the epistemic experience of the individual constructed on the basis of some texts or other objects and processes occurring in the real world. This defect comes to the fore especially when abstract concepts are the object of communication. For in a naturalistically defined communication system there is no real basis for the diagnosis of what the interlocutors mean when they say, for example: Do you love me? – Of course I love you! Can the naturalist provide a basis for comparing the meaning functions of these sentences? Can he point to some real Tertium Comparationis for the relation apparently implied by their authors?","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/02_pawlowski.pdf","title":"Aporie naturalizmu w lingwistyce","title_en":"The aporias of naturalism in linguistics","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Grzegorz Pawłowski 286"},{"id":"fc8c0cb6-15f7-5115-8aa6-1b00f1b735cc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/07_kapela/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ewa","lastName":"Kapela","orcid":"0000-0002-6215-9215","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-02-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["phraseological units","translation","aphorism","wordplay","Stanislaw J. Lec","Russian"],"en":["phraseological units","translation","aphorism","wordplay","Stanislaw J. Lec","Russian"],"pl":["phraseological units","translation","aphorism","wordplay","Stanislaw J. Lec","Russian"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Linguistic contrastive research on phraseological units and translation analysis allow for different classifications of interlinguistic phraseological equivalents. However, they are not a recipe for successful translation because system equivalence must be distinguished from translation equivalence. Phraseologisms are the main compositional element of many of Stanislaw J. Lec’s aphorisms. The poet used them in a traditional or modified form, updating unexpected content. The article focuses on somatic phraseological units, which Lec used very often. Since the phraseological units with a somatic component are common in many languages, we assumed their translation would be easy. Scrutinizing the translation series of “Unkempt Thoughts” into Russian made it possible to show various ways of translating phraseological units that are part of the text. The analyses conducted confirmed that there are no universal translation solutions. In addition, it was indicated that the equivalent selection is largely influenced by contextual factors, as well as the translator’s subjective interpretation of the original text. Moreover, the translation dominant adopted by him is of great importance, e.g., preserving wordplay in the translation, the structure of the aphorism, the main lexical component of phraseological units, the transmission of hidden meanings, or one of the selected semantic aspects of the aphorism.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/07_kapela.pdf","title":"Zmodyfikowane frazeologizmy somatyczne w tłumaczeniu „Myśli nieuczesanych” Leca na język rosyjski","title_en":"Modified somatic phraseological units in the translation of Lec’s “Unkempt Thoughts” into Russian","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ewa Kapela 287"},{"id":"fb157b3c-8f08-5933-9fdb-e54a9b4eb31b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/05_faiq/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Said","lastName":"Faiq","orcid":"0000-0003-3467-3791","affiliation":{"de":"Amerikanische Universität Schardscha","en":"American University of Sharjah","pl":"Amerykański Uniwersytet w Szardży"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-09-11T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["manipulation","self-translation","representations","readers","culture"],"en":["manipulation","self-translation","representations","readers","culture"],"pl":["manipulation","self-translation","representations","readers","culture"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Translation involves the carrying-over of texts to target audiences that have at their disposal an established system of representation with its own norms for the production and consumption of knowledge vis-à-vis self, others, objects, and events. Based on its own culture, this system animates and regulates issues of identity, similarity, and difference between sources and targets. Notwithstanding its generally noble mission, translation is not innocent. Translators manipulate information to achieve representations of sources acceptable to target audiences. Given this premise, the aim here is to examine instances from the self-translation by Heikal of Autumn of Fury from English (1983) into Arabic (1988). The discussion shows how through self-translation, the author-cum-translator manipulates the reading position of the target audience, shaping thus translation as process, product, and reception.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/05_faiq.pdf","title":"Self-translate to manipulate","title_en":"Self-translate to manipulate","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Said Faiq 288"},{"id":"ae9a3085-88d0-53f7-a84c-58caa1e47ebc","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/06_filar/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Filar","orcid":"0000-0002-6078-9758","affiliation":{"de":"Jagiellonen-Universität","en":"Jagiellonian University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jagielloński"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["linguistic and non-linguistic competences of the translator","creativity","cognitive language theories","translation tasks"],"en":["linguistic and non-linguistic competences of the translator","creativity","cognitive language theories","translation tasks"],"pl":["linguistic and non-linguistic competences of the translator","creativity","cognitive language theories","translation tasks"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article continues reflexions about the theory of creative translation by P. Kusmaul (2007: 2015) based on cognitive theories of languages and psychological research on creativity, and discusses its usefulness not only for identifying of translations problems and analysing of proposed translation solutions, but also for designing of translation tasks and its evaluation. The paper discusses in its main part translation tasks, which stimulate creativity and reflexivity both on the level of reception of the source text and on its production in a target language. The focus was paid especially to group tasks/ project tasks, which are addressed to more advanced students in translations studies who have already some practical experience in translation of written texts. The corpus consists of authentic tasks used in translation course with students.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/06_filar.pdf","title":"Kształcenie kreatywności u początkujących tłumaczy – propozycje zadań translacyjnych","title_en":"Training creativity in the group of translators beginners – translation tasks","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Filar 289"},{"id":"d3a06aee-dcaa-56c6-a967-0ef61ba56352","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/04_redzioch-korkuz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Rędzioch-Korkuz","orcid":"0000-0002-8345-2488","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Warschau","en":"University of Warsaw","pl":"Uniwersytet Warszawski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-01-04T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["translation and music","song text","adaptation","singability","concepts","multimodal analysis"],"en":["translation and music","song text","adaptation","singability","concepts","multimodal analysis"],"pl":["translation and music","song text","adaptation","singability","concepts","multimodal analysis"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The subfield of translation and music has been considered a new area of interest of translation studies, falling under the umbrella term of audiovisual translation. Indeed, it shares similarities with the former, as it is also driven by the need to consider non-linguistic elements of translation. It exemplifies the turn towards multimodality, which has the potential to broaden the scope of research and to highlight the necessity to move beyond textual analyses. However, it seems that this potential leads to some pertinent questions that can challenge the status of fundamental principles of translation studies. This metatheoretical article attempts to demonstrate both challenges and opportunities created by this relatively new subfield and map it onto the current developments of translation studies.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/04_redzioch-korkuz.pdf","title":"Translation and music: a new subfield of translation studies. Challenges and opportunities","title_en":"Translation and music: a new subfield of translation studies. Challenges and opportunities","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Anna Rędzioch-Korkuz 290"},{"id":"e27767cc-5c80-5741-bc64-7eb2192651de","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/08_organ/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Organ","orcid":"0000-0001-8072-7936","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-04-29T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-29T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["audiovisual translation","translation market","official translation","unofficial translation","audiovisual translator"],"en":["audiovisual translation","translation market","official translation","unofficial translation","audiovisual translator"],"pl":["audiovisual translation","translation market","official translation","unofficial translation","audiovisual translator"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This study investigates the similarities and differences between official and unofficial audiovisual translators in Poland. The research examines seven main categories of interest, including basic information about the research group, education background, actual translation education, individual mastering of AVT skills through non-institutionalised self-education, translators’ preferences for AVT, their workspace, and aspects of teamwork. The data collected from these categories were used to establish a multifaceted comparison of professionals working in the audiovisual translation field in Poland. The study is based on two online surveys examining almost 100 audiovisual translators in Poland. According to the acquired data, official translators are predominantly women, whereas unofficial translators are mainly men, and both groups are formed mostly by people below the age of forty. AVT is the most popular form of translation for both groups, with subtitling is the predominant AVT mode. The study highlights differences in the types of productions each group works on, the software they use in their work, and their collaboration with other specialists in the translation process.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/08_organ.pdf","title":"Exploring audiovisual translation practices in Poland: official vs unofficial translators","title_en":"Exploring audiovisual translation practices in Poland: official vs unofficial translators","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Organ 291"},{"id":"270a55ca-11bb-50e2-9621-f4d1c8082c09","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/03_walczynski/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Marcin","lastName":"Walczyński","orcid":"0000-0001-8666-3603","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-04-04T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-07-31T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["interpreting teaching","COVID-19 interpreting teaching","online/remote interpreting teaching","computer-assisted interpreting tools"],"en":["interpreting teaching","COVID-19 interpreting teaching","online/remote interpreting teaching","computer-assisted interpreting tools"],"pl":["interpreting teaching","COVID-19 interpreting teaching","online/remote interpreting teaching","computer-assisted interpreting tools"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The purpose of this article is to present a fraction of the results of the study carried out among Polish academic teachers of interpreting who – because of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic – had to adapt to teaching interpreting skills online. The first part of the paper addresses the issue of how the pandemic generated new themes of interpreting research, which may be roughly subsumed into two strands of interpreting studies – the research into the professional interpreting market and the changes imposed by the pandemic restrictions, and the research into interpreter training which had to respond to the restrictions on physical face-to-face education by getting online. Then, attention is focused on the use of computer-assisted interpreting teaching, which – already for some time – has been incorporating modern technological solutions for the benefit of interpreting students. Finally, the last part of this paper offers insight into a study dedicated to the views of Polish interpreting teachers on the usefulness of modern technology and Internet-based solutions they had to use when teaching interpreting skills in the new reality of COVID-19-forced education. All in all, the paper shows that interpreting teachers appreciate technological innovations in interpreting teaching and, as might be envisaged, some of them will become an everyday part of modern interpreting training.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/03_walczynski.pdf","title":"COVID-19-forced online interpreting teaching: The perspective of Polish interpreting teachers","title_en":"COVID-19-forced online interpreting teaching: The perspective of Polish interpreting teachers","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Marcin Walczyński 292"},{"id":"6c5f8bdf-83c5-52e0-adc0-95c511586a40","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/09_palka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Adam","lastName":"Palka","orcid":"0000-0001-6879-6429","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-27T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["pain","theological discourse","Lewis’s stylistic diversity","translation techniques","retranslation","English","Polish","Spanish"],"en":["pain","theological discourse","Lewis’s stylistic diversity","translation techniques","retranslation","English","Polish","Spanish"],"pl":["pain","theological discourse","Lewis’s stylistic diversity","translation techniques","retranslation","English","Polish","Spanish"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article discusses diverse translation challenges which translators may be confronted with while working on target-language renditions of C. S. Lewis’s “The Problem of Pain”. To present his thoughts and theses, this famous British writer, philosopher, philologist, and Anglican lay theologian was using vivid language, teeming with a mixture of academic/formal theological terminology with more informal vocabulary. Thus, I conduct a comparative (descriptive and evaluative) analysis of the English original version and its four official translations (two Polish and two Spanish ones). The analysed excerpts were selected with a view to reveal the richness of Lewis’s language and style, mainly in terms of lexis, morphology, and syntax. The main research tools that I employ throughout the study are Berman’s (1992) theory on first translations and retranslations, House’s (2001) model of translation quality assessment, and the classification of translation techniques created by Molina and Hurtado Albir (2002). The results reveal a plethora of choices made by the Polish and Spanish translators in question, ranging from a cautious approach towards the original text (which manifest mainly in resorting to literal translation) to a more creative and adventurous “behaviour” (which is realised through the application of amplification, particularisation, modulation, and transposition, among others). The conclusions cut across the combination of linguistic and extralinguistic factors (such as sociocultural, idiosyncratic, and the like) and are formulated on comparatively descriptive and evaluative planes.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/09_palka.pdf","title":"Challenges of translating C. S. Lewis’s “The Problem of Pain” into Polish and Spanish by professional translators – comparative and evaluative perspectives","title_en":"Challenges of translating C. S. Lewis’s The Problem of Pain into Polish and Spanish by professional translators – comparative and evaluative perspectives","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Adam Palka 293"},{"id":"fe1da300-c874-57a3-9e58-e29c5475ee9a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/13_soliman/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Hagar","lastName":"Soliman","orcid":"0000-0002-0761-6399","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Kairo","en":"Cairo University","pl":"Uniwersytet Kairski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-07-07T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-13","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["self-translation","allusions","idioms","repetition","shifts","adequacy","acceptability"],"en":["self-translation","allusions","idioms","repetition","shifts","adequacy","acceptability"],"pl":["self-translation","allusions","idioms","repetition","shifts","adequacy","acceptability"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The initial norm of performability/acceptability is usually at the back of the minds of play translators. This study is specifically conducted on Samuel Barclay Beckett’s self-translated play, “Waiting for Godot”. The play was written by Samuel Beckett in French, and then he translated it into English. It is argued herein that the availability of two source-texts has led to the appearance of the phenomenon of using two source-texts of the same play, occasionally and momentarily, to produce an Arabic translation. The study argues that third language translators commit these shifts in order to avoid rendering unperformable absurd ideas and structures. The study specifies the Absurd elements that trigger the shifts and explores the feasibility of the employment of source-text shifts in the preservation of some of the themes of the Absurd theatre. It is proven that in many instances these shifts lead to changing the source-text themes. For this purpose the study compares two Arabic translations of “Godot”. The source-text for the Arabic target-text by Azher Saleh is the English self-translation, while that for the Arabic target-text by Paul Shaoul is the French original.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/13_soliman.pdf","title":"Overcoming the non-performability/nonacceptability of some absurd elements: The feasibility of committing ST shifts in a French-Arabic and an English-Arabic translation of Samuel Barclay Beckett’s self-translated play “Waiting for Godot” (1952)/ “En Attendant Godot” (1948)","title_en":"Overcoming the non-performability/nonacceptability of some absurd elements: The feasibility of committing ST shifts in a French-Arabic and an English-Arabic translation of Samuel Barclay Beckett’s self-translated play “Waiting for Godot” (1952)/ “En Attendant Godot” (1948)","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Hagar Soliman 294"},{"id":"910ca22a-0ed6-59e1-88fc-42abea77a5ec","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/10_wlosowicz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Teresa Maria","lastName":"Włosowicz","orcid":"0000-0001-8767-9332","affiliation":{"de":"University of Economics and Humanities in Bielsko-Biała","en":"University of Economics and Humanities in Bielsko-Biała","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-05-18T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["metaphors","translation","informative text","equivalence","adequacy"],"en":["metaphors","translation","informative text","equivalence","adequacy"],"pl":["metaphors","translation","informative text","equivalence","adequacy"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The study analyses and compares the Polish, German and French translations of Lakoff and Johnson’s book “Metaphors We Live By”. Being a specialist publication in linguistics, it requires particular precision in translation. Special attention is paid to the ways of rendering metaphors in the target languages (TLs), simultaneously preserving the underlying concepts and making them sound natural to TL readers. As the results show, the translators managed to preserve most of the metaphors making the necessary changes, so the TL examples of metaphors can be said to be both equivalent to the SL ones and adequate in the TL.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/10_wlosowicz.pdf","title":"The translation of metaphors in a linguistics publication, as exemplified by the Polish, German and French translations of “Metaphors We Live By”","title_en":"The translation of metaphors in a linguistics publication, as exemplified by the Polish, German and French translations of “Metaphors We Live By”","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Teresa Maria Włosowicz 295"},{"id":"ee13f850-7e42-53fe-977b-2cfccf964d32","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/15_gaska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Michał","lastName":"Gąska","orcid":"0000-0003-4384-3756","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-06-28T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-15","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/15_gaska.pdf","title":"Literarisches Übersetzen im Lichte der Translationsprozessforschung [Borg, Claudine (2023). A Literary Translation in the Making. A Process-Oriented Perspective. (Routledge Studies in Literary Translation). New York/London: Routledge. 234 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Michał Gąska 296"},{"id":"75720a7c-193f-5218-9b35-2d65b10f1d1f","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/14_jixin/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Jixin","lastName":"Qiu","orcid":"0009-0004-6488-4316","affiliation":{"de":"Universität für Internationale Studien Zhejiang","en":"Zhejiang International Studies University","pl":"Uniwersytet Studiów Międzynarodowych Zhejiang"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-03-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-10T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-14","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["limitation","translation","tea term","approach"],"en":["limitation","translation","tea term","approach"],"pl":["limitation","translation","tea term","approach"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Chinese tea culture is rich and diverse, with a long history of over 2,000 years. Over the centuries, it has developed its own unique language and terminology, with a wide range of tea types, brewing methods, and cultural practices that are closely intertwined with the Chinese way of life. Terms are words and compound words that in specific contexts are given specific meanings – these may deviate from the meanings the same words have in other contexts and in everyday language. Translating Chinese tea terms can be a challenging task, as these terms often carry cultural, historical, and regional nuances that may not have direct equivalents in other languages. In 2017, the author translated the book “Chinese Paintings on Tea” into English, which was then published by a U.S. publishing house and sold on Amazon.com. In “Chinese Paintings on Tea” many tea terms are used to depict the classical painting works, which illustrate values and virtues rooted deeply in traditional Chinese culture. As a translator, translating terms was a very big challenge for the author, so, based on the practice of translating “Chinese Paintings on Tea”, this paper focuses on exploring the translatability of Chinese tea terms, and examines the challenges that arise in the translation process, and puts forward some translation approaches that might be adopted in practice. By translating Chinese tea terms into other languages, it becomes more accessible and approachable for the readers who may not be familiar with the Chinese language or culture to understand and appreciate the unique qualities of Chinese tea.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/14_jixin.pdf","title":"Approaches to translating tea terms: a case study of “Chinese Paintings on Tea”","title_en":"Approaches to translating tea terms: a case study of “Chinese Paintings on Tea”","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Jixin Qiu 297"},{"id":"65aa1d6a-c4b2-5b6c-a2cb-b684ce2337bf","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/16_kazik/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Karolina","lastName":"Kazik","orcid":"0000-0002-0040-4510","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-06-25T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-16","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/16_kazik.pdf","title":"Das Paratext-Konzept vor dem Hintergrund der nordischen Translationswissenschaft [Pleijel, Richard/ Podlevskikh Carlstrom, Malin (Hrsg.) (2022). Paratexts in Translation. (TransÜD. Arbeiten zur Theorie und Praxis des Übersetzens und Dolmetschens). Band 135. Berlin: Frank &Timme. 196 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Karolina Kazik 298"},{"id":"9ecc7273-b399-54f0-b313-6feeaa864ed4","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/11_schinske/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Tara-Semira","lastName":"Schinske","orcid":"0009-0003-7991-0655","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Innsbruck","en":"University of Innsbruck","pl":"Uniwersytet w Innsbrucku"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-03-30T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["working memory capacity","Interpreting Studies","interpreter education","working memory span tasks"],"en":["working memory capacity","Interpreting Studies","interpreter education","working memory span tasks"],"pl":["working memory capacity","Interpreting Studies","interpreter education","working memory span tasks"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The aim of the present empirical study was to test whether the working memory capacity of interpreting and translation students differs, in order to shed light on the role of working memory capacity in interpreter education. Six interpreting students and five translation students, all pursuing a master’s degree at Innsbruck University, were tested on working memory capacity tasks: speaking span, counting span, listening span, and subtract 2 span. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test showed that the results of the speaking span (p = 0,0246) and subtract 2 span (p = 0,013) are statistically significant. In both these tests, the interpreting students outperformed the translation students significantly. Moreover, a correlation analysis was conducted to determine whether more advanced students showed a higher memory span, which was the case in both tests. The results of this study suggest that interpreting students develop a higher working memory span throughout their master’s degree, which gives reason to believe that working memory capacity training as early as in the bachelor’s degree could lead to a reduced cognitive load when the students start their interpreter education. These findings are, however, based on a small sample (n = 11), as a reason of which, they should be viewed with caution. In terms of Open Science, all test documents, results and analyses can be found under the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6985735.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/11_schinske.pdf","title":"Die Arbeitsgedächtniskapazität in der Dolmetschausbildung: Implikationen für die Didaktik","title_en":"Working memory capacity in student interpreters: implications for the formal training of interpreters","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Tara-Semira Schinske 299"},{"id":"b8622d1d-2982-550f-b863-3874d72d1313","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/17_maziarz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Maziarz","orcid":"0000-0003-0569-9036","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-08-28T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-17","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/17_maziarz.pdf","title":"Wszystko o mediacji językowej [Janowska, Iwona/ Plak, Marta (2021). Działania mediacyjne w uczeniu się i nauczaniu języków obcych: od teorii do praktyki. Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka. 215 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Maziarz 300"},{"id":"dd15eb34-b6e9-57fd-be56-29d148c545c5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/14/12_zarzycka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Zarzycka","orcid":"0000-0001-6138-4210","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Wrocław","en":"University of Wrocław","pl":"Uniwersytet Wrocławski"}}],"date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2023-02-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2023-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.14-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":14,"keywords":{"de":["culture-specific items","literary translation","reader-response","survey","translation strategies and techniques","skills and competence of translator"],"en":["culture-specific items","literary translation","reader-response","survey","translation strategies and techniques","skills and competence of translator"],"pl":["culture-specific items","literary translation","reader-response","survey","translation strategies and techniques","skills and competence of translator"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The subject matter of this article is the Dutch culture-specific items (CSIs) in the Polish translation of the thriller “De reünie” by Simone van der Vlugt. The first aim of this article is to study the response of Polish readers to the Dutch culture-specific items and translation techniques concerning these CSIs in the Polish translation of “De reünie” by Simone van der Vlugt. The second aim is to compare the opinions of the interviewed readers to the opinions expressed in the master’s thesis of the author of this article. Such research can be helpful for current and future translators because they can learn about preferences and expectations of readers. The research was conducted by the use of an online survey. Among interviewees were people aged 19–67, who have studied Dutch philology, current students of Dutch philology and people who have not studied Dutch philology. The level of their knowledge of the Dutch language and the Dutch culture and reality was diverse. The survey has consisted of the analysis of eight fragments of the Polish translation of “De reünie” in which the Dutch culturespecific items occur and in respect of which different translation techniques have been used. The study has shown that readers enjoy reading translations in which culture-specific items in their original forms occur, provided that translators supply them, especially those less familiar, with extra information. That enables readers to create an appropriate image of a given culture-specific item and thereby better understand a text. The study has also shown that translators should not too often avoid adding footnotes because they form a precious source of information for readers. The comprehensive information in a footnote is often more important for readers than the length of a footnote. Moreover, the answers of the interviewees have shown that even on the basis of short fragments of a text readers can learn something new about the culture and reality of another land. However, the discussed issue is extensive and this study can undoubtedly be broadened with some aspects.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/14/12_zarzycka.pdf","title":"Reakcja polskich czytelników na holenderskie elementy kulturowe w polskim przekładzie thrillera „De reünie” [„Zjazd szkolny”] autorstwa Simone van der Vlugt","title_en":"Response of Polish readers to the Dutch culture-specific items in the Polish translation of the thriller “De reünie” by Simone van der Vlugt","type":"article","year":2023},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Zarzycka 301"},{"id":"6454391b-dc02-57a8-9186-15fe890cb0b8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/02_wieclawska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Edyta","lastName":"Więcławska","orcid":"0000-0003-0798-1940","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-2","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["genre prediction","decision tree","predictive model","legal phraseology","digital humanities","computational stylometry"],"en":["genre prediction","decision tree","predictive model","legal phraseology","digital humanities","computational stylometry"],"pl":["genre prediction","decision tree","predictive model","legal phraseology","digital humanities","computational stylometry"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The paper problematises text classification potential of phraseology in the context of methodological research paradigms of digital humanities. Specifically, the analysis discussed in the paper aims at verifying whether four structural features of English legal binomials can construct a statistically reliable genre predictive model, whereby legal texts are automatically assigned to three groups of legal genres, processed through company registration, in a court-based procedure. The computational part of the analysis rests in generating a random decision forest. The candidate terms have been extracted from a corpus of authentic texts, referred to as company registration discourse. The quantitatively most marked patterns are subjected to qualitative analysis involving the examination of the linguistic context, the contextual metadata and the genre requirements. The analytical part is preceded by atheoretical account of the concept of digital humanities with reference to related notions and ahistorical overview of how this discipline evolved. The findings related to the predictive capacity of the model derived are discussed in the context of the translation output, the translation quality and the comprehensibility of legal texts. At this stage the discussion draws on the parallel component of the corpus. The author concludes that legal genres covered by the analysis are relatively schematic and the structural profile of binomials makes up part of some of these schemes. Automatic text classification is possible in some cases. The original generic structure of the texts covered by the analysis is distorted in the translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/02_wieclawska.pdf","title":"Phraseology at the service of automatic text classification: Computational account of binomials in the company registration discourse with translational implications","title_en":"Phraseology at the service of automatic text classification: Computational account of binomials in the company registration discourse with translational implications","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Edyta Więcławska 302"},{"id":"d3ebe9f6-afb7-5646-a35b-f2e400644f9b","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/01_vitucci/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Francesco","lastName":"Vitucci","orcid":"0000-0003-3907-8377","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Bologna","en":"Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna University","pl":"Uniwersytet Boloński"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-09-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-1","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["language ideology","voice-over","interlingual subtitling","women’s language","audiovisual translation"],"en":["language ideology","voice-over","interlingual subtitling","women’s language","audiovisual translation"],"pl":["language ideology","voice-over","interlingual subtitling","women’s language","audiovisual translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This study analyzes women’s language as represented in the television segment “Shirabete Mitara”, aired by Japanese broadcaster Fuji TV. Drawing on audiovisual translation research and recent developments in Japanese sociolinguistics and media studies, the article examines the interindexical relationships that emerge between the Japanese voice-over and interlingual subtitles used to render the speech of foreign female speakers, together with the ideological portrayals of femininity associated with them. The analysis of the interview segments high-lights not only the discrepancy between the speech style of non-native female speakers and that adopted by Japanese voice actresses, but also a process of hyperfeminization aimed at indexing a set of metapragmatic stereotypes around which the so-called Japanese Women’s Language (“joseigo”) has crystallized. In particular, the study underscores how the iconic bodies of the speakers are instrumentalized as semiotic resources to convey specific ideologies of femininity in Japan, which converge in an adaptation strategy that reinforces gender-based discrimination – a phenomenon still deeply embedded in contemporary Japanese society.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/01_vitucci.pdf","title":"Still Women’s Language! How foreigners sustain language ideologies in Japanese television","title_en":"Still Women’s Language! How foreigners sustain language ideologies in Japanese television","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Francesco Vitucci 303"},{"id":"ab85e54f-cdde-5b6e-8fae-ad769be83fe8","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/06_grotek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Edyta","lastName":"Grotek","orcid":"0000-0001-8717-3139","affiliation":{"de":"Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Universität Toruń","en":"Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu","pl":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń"}},{"firstName":"Luise","lastName":"Müller","orcid":"0009-0009-1249-8583","affiliation":{"de":"Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz","en":"University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz","pl":"Wyższa Szkoła w Żytawie/Görlitz"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-6","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["technical language","winemaker language","terminology","MultiTerm"],"en":["technical language","winemaker language","terminology","MultiTerm"],"pl":["technical language","winemaker language","terminology","MultiTerm"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The specialist language on winemaking has been the subject of numerous studies. There are monolingual dictionaries and lexicons as well as oenological glossaries for the Polish-English language pair, and multilingual ones (in English, German, or French). For the Polish-German language pair, wine terminology can be found in applicable legal regulations such as EU directives or legal provisions, yet there is no commonly known exclusively oenological glossary that could be used for these two languages. This paper aims at presenting the state of research on the specialist language of winemaking in Polish and German. It also depicts methodological and technical considerations on the need and possibility of developing a terminological database that would facilitate the transfer of knowledge in oenology between these two linguistic and cultural areas under study.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/06_grotek.pdf","title":"Winzersprache im Deutschen und im Polnischen. Bestandsaufnahme und Vorüberlegungen zu einem zweisprachigen Glossar","title_en":"German and Polish language of winemakers. The state of research and considerations regarding a specialist bilingual dictionary","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Edyta Grotek 304 Luise Müller 305"},{"id":"9c60efca-fdba-5e97-bea6-1f587c23eb08","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/04_panasiuk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Igor","lastName":"Panasiuk","orcid":"0000-0002-0121-8058","affiliation":{"de":"Jakob-von-Paradies-Akademie Gorzów Wielkopolski","en":"Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski","pl":"Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-15T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-4","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["translational experiment","stylistic experiment","free association","equivalence vs. difference","probability predictions","inference","implication"],"en":["translational experiment","stylistic experiment","free association","equivalence vs. difference","probability predictions","inference","implication"],"pl":["translational experiment","stylistic experiment","free association","equivalence vs. difference","probability predictions","inference","implication"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents the translational experiment as a method of studying the translation process and that process in its internal and external form (introspective or prospective as well as retrospective view upon the translation process) by analyzing translator notes or notebooks and translator reports. The essence of the translational experiment establishes the so-called stylistic experiment by Peshkovsky. It always begins when the translator chooses different translation variants, guided by the interpretation of the original. This means that the implicative processes of meaning interpretation always lead to interlinguistic synonymy, which always results in a difference in relation to the original. For translation, this fact always means preventing literalism, that arises from a content or even grammatical imitation of the original, touches on the area of direct equivalence relations and declares the implementation of the stylistic and thus the translational experiment impossible. The stylistic experiment therefore consists in rehearsing various variants, including unsuccessful ones, and in researching the causes of this failure, which explain the success and coherence of a text. This is where the psycholinguistic experiment of free context-dependent or context-bound association comes into play. It is precisely here that the inferential processes of meaning interpretation become visible; the understanding and translation processes rise to the surface of conscious introspection.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/04_panasiuk.pdf","title":"Experimentelle Untersuchung des Übersetzungsprozesses aus psycholinguistischer Sicht","title_en":"Experimental study of the translation process from a psycholinguistic perspective","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Igor Panasiuk 306"},{"id":"a9391d5a-60f8-5dbb-b65c-3e01c68b8134","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/05_banaszek-szapowalowa/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Aneta","lastName":"Banaszek-Szapowałowa","orcid":"0000-0002-3963-6343","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-05-05T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-5","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["genre algorithm","genre approach","specialized translation","medical translation","human eye"],"en":["genre algorithm","genre approach","specialized translation","medical translation","human eye"],"pl":["genre algorithm","genre approach","specialized translation","medical translation","human eye"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article presents theoretical foundations and practical application of the genre algorithm as a didactic tool in specialized translation classes. Therein attention is paid to they way the genre algorithm functions step by step and how it can be used to enrich the didactic environment with not only textual, but also illustrated and audiovisual materials on differing levels of complexity. The base for the research is formed by sources from the thematic area “The human eye: anatomy, defects and diseases, medical procedures”. As the conclusions indicate, the genre algorithm forms a multileveled framework which allows the students involved in the learning process to enhance terminological competence, develop genre awareness and strengthen the critical evaluation of the resources used in the translation process. Therefore, the paper aims to increase the incorporation of the genre approach in the teaching of specialized translation.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/05_banaszek-szapowalowa.pdf","title":"Algorytm gatunkowy na zajęciach z tłumaczenia specjalistycznego","title_en":"Genre algorithm in specialized translation classes","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Aneta Banaszek-Szapowałowa 307"},{"id":"fb23ccd9-8a4d-5467-9dca-f2bff15f1366","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/07_jokiel/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Małgorzata","lastName":"Jokiel","orcid":"0000-0001-9073-9244","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Opole","en":"University of Opole","pl":"Uniwersytet Opolski"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-23T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-7","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["literary translation","didactic potential","translation projects","translation didactics"],"en":["literary translation","didactic potential","translation projects","translation didactics"],"pl":["literary translation","didactic potential","translation projects","translation didactics"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The exploration of foreign language literary texts through translations is rarely addressed in research literature. The reason for this likely lies in the fact that such an offering can only be directed at a relatively limited group (primarily linguistically advanced students of foreign philologies), and literary texts are increasingly being displaced from translation seminars due to the growing specialization in technical language and professional profiling of modern philologies. Nevertheless, based on a series of translation projects already carried out, the author claims that engaging with literary texts in a translation-relevant manner within the context of a university (and specifically a foreign philology) offers a number of advantages, which are discussed in more detail using the example of the latest translation project at the Opole German Studies Department (in relation to texts by Vladimir Vertlib). The aforementioned project was implemented within the framework of two courses (translation-relevant text analysis and selected aspects of translation theory and practice) with different focuses: translation-preparatory analysis and research versus translation evaluation and criticism. Starting from an interdisciplinary theoretical foundation (literary studies and didactics, linguistics, and translation studies), the individual methodological steps of the project are presented in the form of examples and selected results are evaluated. Finally, conclusions are formulated regarding the didactic potential of literary translation. Among the most important advantages of literary translation projects is first the possibility of literature and culture mediation of the country of origin as well as the (potential) acquisition of cultural knowledge. Furthermore, the diverse didactic benefits should be mentioned: the promotion of reading and interpretation competence, the development of analytical skills in connection with the determination of translation-relevant text-external and -internal factors, as well as the strengthening of research competence in the receptive phase. In the productive phase, creativity and expressiveness are practiced, and during the evaluation phase, the translation-critical potential can be fostered. Completed projects can also be prepared for (translation) research purposes.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/07_jokiel.pdf","title":"Zum didaktischen Potenzial von literarischen Übersetzungsprojekten für die philologische Ausbildung","title_en":"On the didactic potential of literary translation projects for philological education","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Małgorzata Jokiel 308"},{"id":"a6d996b3-5d79-5f16-93d6-198327e91bff","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/09_liber-kwiecinska/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Katarzyna","lastName":"Liber-Kwiecińska","orcid":"0000-0001-5621-5826","affiliation":{"de":"Jagiellonen-Universität","en":"Jagiellonian University","pl":"Uniwersytet Jagielloński"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-05-21T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-9","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["court interpreting","community interpreting","public service interpreting","emotions in interpreting","embarrassment"],"en":["court interpreting","community interpreting","public service interpreting","emotions in interpreting","embarrassment"],"pl":["court interpreting","community interpreting","public service interpreting","emotions in interpreting","embarrassment"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"This article presents the results of asurvey on feeling of embarrassment in response to phrases of varying degrees of vulgarity and obscenity, as well as the perceived problem when interpreting these phrases during interrogation in court and at the police station. The feeling of embarrassment can, in the author’s opinion, act as ablocker and affect the way in which testimonies are interpreted. Atotal of 99 interpreters of different ages, education and experience participated in the study. Their task was to determine the degree to which they felt embarrassment in response to potentially problematic phrases, as well as to determine whether it would be difficult for them to interpret vulgar and obscene phrases during a trial and during police interrogation. The respondents’ answers were compared according to their age, gender, experience and education. The only variable in which a statistically significant difference was found was the gender of the respondents. The article also discusses the comments of the respondents, who briefly described their experiences in interpreting problematic content and their strategies for dealing with such situations. They also shared their comments on the education process and professional interpreter training.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/09_liber-kwiecinska.pdf","title":"The embarrassment during interpreting in the courtroom and at the police station","title_en":"The embarrassment during interpreting in the courtroom and at the police station","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Katarzyna Liber-Kwiecińska 309"},{"id":"fe6fa168-1b2d-555f-a256-b3266b77d85a","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/11_wilk/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Gabriela","lastName":"Wilk","orcid":"0000-0001-9112-5674","affiliation":{"de":"Schlesische Universität in Katowice","en":"University of Silesia in Katowice","pl":"Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-11","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["legal translation","legal language","Russian and Ukrainian translation studies","didactics of translation"],"en":["legal translation","legal language","Russian and Ukrainian translation studies","didactics of translation"],"pl":["legal translation","legal language","Russian and Ukrainian translation studies","didactics of translation"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"The article is devoted to the analysis of trends in the development of legal translation in Russia and Ukraine. The purpose of this paper is also to present publications in Russian and Ukrainian on legal translation from both theoretical and practical aspects. In these two countries, legal translation has a history of more than 1,000 years. Its origins go back to the Kyiv Rus. For many centuries, legal translation was mostly a practical activity. The article highlights that in Ukraine, the development of legal translation is related to the development of Ukrainian statehood, the Ukrainian language, and the status of the Russian language in this country. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, there was a revival of economic, political, and other contacts between people speaking different languages, which required legal regulation. This gave rise to theoretical considerations of this type of specialised translation. From the very beginning, the theory of legal translation in Russia and Ukraine was based on general translation theories. According to the results of the analysis of publications in the field of legal translation, it can be concluded that textbooks are published much more often than theoretical works. They aim to develop translation competence in the following languages: English-Russian/Ukrainian and German-Russian/Ukrainian. This is related to the increasing demand for professional legal translators.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/11_wilk.pdf","title":"Tendencje rozwoju tłumaczenia prawniczego w Rosji i Ukrainie","title_en":"Trends in the development of legal translation in Russia and Ukraine","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Gabriela Wilk 310"},{"id":"8e8cadf1-b6e7-502c-8b8c-3ef81bcd13e5","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/08_krawiec/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Magdalena","lastName":"Krawiec","orcid":"0000-0001-9541-2515","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Rzeszów","en":"University of Rzeszów","pl":"Uniwersytet Rzeszowski"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-02-27T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-06-20T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-8","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["Neural Machine Translation","NMT","technical content","Microsoft Azure documentation","specialist language"],"en":["Neural Machine Translation","NMT","technical content","Microsoft Azure documentation","specialist language"],"pl":["Neural Machine Translation","NMT","technical content","Microsoft Azure documentation","specialist language"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Neural Machine Translation (NMT) represents a paradigm that is being integrated within the IT sector, where scalability, consistency, and accessibility are crucial for disseminating vast amounts of technical content to global audiences. While NMT offers rapid production of technical documentation in multiple languages, it raises questions about the quality of machine-translated specialist texts and, in consequence, the quality of specialist knowledge transferred across language communities based on those texts. This paper explores the emergent paradigmatic shift in technical content translation through a comparative analysis of Microsoft Azure’s English-language documentation and its machine-translated counterpart in Polish. The paradigmatic shift from a human-mediated to a machine-enhanced approach prompts an exploration into the evolving dynamics of translation as a practice and a reconsideration of the conceptual underpinnings of translation as a multifaceted phenomenon. The study aims to account for the capacities and limitations of NMT in preserving fidelity and source intelligibility in machine-translated outputs and consequently, to provide insights into the role of NMT in technical contexts.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/08_krawiec.pdf","title":"Translational reality and technical documentation: A case of machine-translated online content in Microsoft Azure","title_en":"Translational reality and technical documentation: A case of machine-translated online content in Microsoft Azure","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Magdalena Krawiec 311"},{"id":"2d01a92d-2b94-5fdf-be1a-38d7ad8923e9","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/10_nawrocka/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Ewa Barbara","lastName":"Nawrocka","orcid":"0000-0002-4365-0797","affiliation":{"de":"Universität Gdańsk","en":"University of Gdańsk","pl":"Uniwersytet Gdański"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-01-10T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-06-07T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-10","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["game localization","creativity","creativity continuum","video game localization didactics","curriculum"],"en":["game localization","creativity","creativity continuum","video game localization didactics","curriculum"],"pl":["game localization","creativity","creativity continuum","video game localization didactics","curriculum"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"Even though creativity is undoubtedly the most crucial skill of video game localizers, game-specific texts display a remarkable variety and can be arranged on a continuum from the most standard to the most creative. With this in mind, three in-game text categories which undergo localization are postulated: the game world, the game mechanics and the game interface. The external game-related texts which accompany a given game, in turn, are divided into: marketing texts, informational texts and legal texts. These textual categories call for different translation approaches as part of the game localization process: creative, standard or mixed. Moreover, a distinction is made between creative and standard style as well as creative and standard terminology. Creative style is varied and original, whereas standard style is conventional and based on industry standards. Creative terminology contains unique game-specific terms, while standard terminology covers general gaming, platform and genre-related terms. The creative approach incorporates creative style and mostly creative terminology. The standard approach, understandably, encompasses standard style and mostly standard terminology. Last but not least, the mixed approach covers all possible combinations of creative and standard elements. The postulated classification of texts and corresponding approaches are directly linked to prospective game localizers’ competencies and provide abasis for the proposed academic curriculum.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/10_nawrocka.pdf","title":"Creativity continuum in educating video game localizers","title_en":"Creativity continuum in educating video game localizers","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Ewa Barbara Nawrocka 312"},{"id":"3719ce4a-6931-5c2f-808f-39cbe9381c52","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/03_meyer-fraatz/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Andrea","lastName":"Meyer-Fraatz","orcid":"0000-0003-4973-0146","affiliation":{"de":"Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena","en":"Friedrich Schiller University of Jena","pl":"Uniwersytet Friedricha Schillera w Jenie"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2024-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-04-14T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-3","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":["Wisława Szymborska","Jutta Janke","Karl Dedecius","Göttingen approach of comparative translation studies","Dwie małpy Bruegla"],"en":["Wisława Szymborska","Jutta Janke","Karl Dedecius","Göttingen approach of comparative translation studies","Dwie małpy Bruegla"],"pl":["Wisława Szymborska","Jutta Janke","Karl Dedecius","Göttingen approach of comparative translation studies","Dwie małpy Bruegla"]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"In both East and West Germany, Wisława Szymborska was discovered early and published in translations by various translators in numerous journals and anthologies. By 1990, the year of reunification, three volumes of her poems were published in West Germany, translated and edited by Karl Dedecius, whereas in East Germany only one book was published, edited and translated by Jutta Janke. This article offers an analysis of these publications in both German states, focussing on which poems were included in which publications and which poems were not published in either state. Finally, one of the poems, translated and published in both German states, “Dwie małpy Bruegla” [“Brueghel’s two monkeys”], is compared using the so-called Göttingen approach to translation research. This methodological approach assumes that the differences between the source text and the target text can provide indications of the conditions under which the respective translations were written, in order to find out to what extent the translations differ in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic. Although individual poems might have been chosen for ideological reasons, the assumption that differences in translations of the same poem could be due to ideological factors cannot be confirmed in the case of this particular poem.","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/03_meyer-fraatz.pdf","title":"Wisława Szymborska in Ost und West: Übersetzungen im Vergleich","title_en":"Wisława Szymborska in East and West: a comparison of translations","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Andrea Meyer-Fraatz 313"},{"id":"526e8feb-56c7-5488-806c-8c06a52a3859","fields":{"slug":"/data/issues/16/12_grotek/"},"frontmatter":{"abstracts":null,"audio":null,"authors":[{"firstName":"Edyta","lastName":"Grotek","orcid":"0000-0001-8717-3139","affiliation":{"de":"Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Universität Toruń","en":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń","pl":"Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu"}}],"date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","received":"2025-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","accepted":"2025-04-30T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.23817/strans.16-12","id":null,"editors":null,"issue":16,"keywords":{"de":[],"en":[],"pl":[]},"item_abstracts":{"de":"","en":"","pl":""},"name":null,"path":null,"pdf":"/articles/16/12_grotek.pdf","title":"Od krytyki przekładu do kształcenia tłumaczy [Bończa Bukowski, Piotr de/ Kita-Huber, Jadwiga (red.) (2024). „Współczesna myśl translatologiczna w krajach niemieckojęzycznych”. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. 295 S.]","title_en":"","type":"article","year":2025},"html":"","rawMarkdownBody":"","excerpt":"","authorDenormalized":"Edyta Grotek 314"}],"from":"/de/search-by-keyword","lang":"de","title":"Studia Translatorica","description":{"de":"Die Fachzeitschrift \"Studia Translatorica\" ist im Jahre 2010 entstanden. In der ersten Nummer wurden Beiträge veröffentlicht, welche die Diskussionen während der internationalen Konferenz Translation: Theorie – Praxis – Didaktik am Institut für Germanistik der Universität Wrocław im September 2009 dokumentieren. Das Leitthema dieser Konferenz legte das Profil der Zeitschrift fest, die heute eine Plattform der wissenschaftlichen Reflexion bildet, welche theoretische und praktische Aspekte der Translation und ihre professionelle Didaktik betrifft. Den Kern der in den publizierten Beiträgen angestellten Erwägungen bildet die Problematik diverser Arten des Übersetzens und Dolmetschens wie auch das Vom-Blatt-Dolmetschen sowie audiovisuelle Translationsarten, die u.a. vor dem Hintergrund translatorischer, linguistisch, psycholinguistisch und kognitiv profilierter Modelle betrachtet werden. In unserer Zeitschrift veröffentlichen wir auch Forschungsergebnisse der experimentellen Translatorik, die Einblicke in die Regeln der zwischenmenschlichen, in den verschiedenen Arten von Translationsgefügen zustande kommenden Sprachkommunikation verschaffen. Zum Publizieren laden wir auch Autoren ein, die die Translation vor dem Hintergrund ihrer kommunikativen und interkulturellen Faktoren erforschen. Interessiert sind wir auch an Beiträgen im Bereich der akademischen wie auch der schulischen Translationsdidaktik.","en":"","pl":"Czasopismo \"Studia Translatorica\" powstało w 2010 r. W pierwszym numerze zostały opublikowane artykuły dokumentujące dyskusje toczone podczas międzynarodowej konferencji Translation: Theorie – Praxis – Didaktik, która odbyła się we wrześniu 2009 r. w Instytucie Filologii Germańskiej Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. Temat przewodni tej konferencji wyznaczył profil czasopisma, które stanowi obecnie płaszczyznę naukowej refleksji dotyczącej teoretycznych i praktycznych aspektów translacji oraz jej profesjonalnej dydaktyki. Centrum naukowych rozważań podejmowanych w publikowanych artykułach tworzy problematyka różnych rodzajach tłumaczenia tekstów pisanych i tłumaczeń ustnych, tłumaczenia a vista, translacji audiowizualnych rozpatrywanych m.in. w kontekście modeli translatorycznych, wyprofilowanych lingwistycznie, psycholingwistycznie i kognitywnie. Na łamach naszego czasopisma publikujemy również wyniki badań translatoryki eksperymentalnej, które umożliwiają wgląd w prawa rządzące międzyludzką komunikacją językową zachodzącą w różnych rodzajach układów translacyjnych. Do publikowania zapraszamy również Autorów, którzy badają translację na tle jej komunikacyjnych i interkulturowych uwarunkowań. Zainteresowani jesteśmy również artykułami z zakresu dydaktyki translacji, zarówno akademickiej, jak i szkolnej."},"keywords":{"de":"Translation, (anthropozentrische)  Translatorik, Methodologie der Translationsforschung, experimentelle Translatorik","en":"","pl":"translacja, translatoryka (antropocentryczna), metodologia badań nad translacją, translatoryka eksperymentalna"},"url":"studia-translatorica.pl"}}